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used in the treatment of cancer; "anticancer drug"; "an antineoplastic effect" (同)antineoplastic, antitumor, antitumour

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/06/02 15:11:10」(JST)

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An anticarcinogen (also known as a carcinopreventive agent) is a substance that counteracts the effects of a carcinogen or inhibits the development of cancer.^[1] Anticarcinogens are different from anticarcinoma agents (also known as anticancer or anti-neoplastic agents) in that anticarcinoma agents are used to selectively destroy or inhibit cancer cells after cancer has developed. Interest in anticarcinogens is motivated primarily by the principle that it is preferable to prevent disease (preventive medicine) than to have to treat it (rescue medicine).

In theory, anticarcinogens may act via different mechanisms including enhancement of natural defences against cancer, deactivation of carcinogens, and blocking the mechanisms by which carcinogens act (such as free radical damage to DNA). Confirmation that a substance possesses anticarcinogenic activity requires extensive in vitro, in vivo, and clinical investigation. Health claims for anticarcinogens are regulated by various national and international organizations like the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).

Substances for which an anticarcinogenic health claim is approved

When consumed as part of a low fat diet, fiber-containing grain products, fruits, and vegetables may reduce the risk of some types of cancer. Cancer is, however, a disease associated with many factors, and the nature of the relationship between fiber, fruit, and vegetable intake and decreased cancer risk is not clear.^[2]

Experimental anticarcinogens

There is epidemiological evidence that a diet rich in antioxidants, vitamins, and flavonoids is anticarcinogenic.^{[citation needed]}
Interest in many popular nutritional supplements, including essential antioxidant nutrients such as selenium compounds and hormones such as melatonin, DHEA, and GSH is motivated by preliminary evidence that these have anticarcinogenic activity.^{[citation needed]}
In in vivo studies with mice, the major psychoactive component in marijuana, tetrahydrocannabinol, has been shown to have anticarcinogenic activity.^[3]

References

^ "Anticarcinogen". Farlex, Inc. Retrieved 11 November 2013.
^ "Health Claims Meeting Significant Scientific Agreement". US Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 13 November 2013.
^ Chan PC, Sills RC, Braun AG, Haseman JK, Bucher JR (1996). "Toxicity and carcinogenicity of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in Fischer rats and B6C3F1 mice". Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology 30 (1): 109–17. doi:10.1006/faat.1996.0048. PMID 8812248.

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1. 成人における健康食 healthy diet in adults

English Journal

Tea and its consumption: benefits and risks.

Hayat K1, Iqbal H, Malik U, Bilal U, Mushtaq S.
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr.2015 Jun 7;55(7):939-54. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2012.678949.
The recent convention of introducing phytochemicals to support the immune system or combat diseases is a centuries' old tradition. Nutritional support is an emerging advancement in the domain of diet-based therapies; tea and its constituents are one of the significant components of these strategies
PMID 24915350

Soy food frequency questionnaire does not correlate with baseline isoflavone levels in patients with bladder cancer.

Kolesar JM1, Pomplun M2, Havighurst T3, Stublaski J2, Wollmer B2, Kim K3, Tangrea JA4, Parnes HL4, House MG4, Gee J5, Messing E6, Bailey HH7.
Journal of oncology pharmacy practice : official publication of the International Society of Oncology Pharmacy Practitioners.J Oncol Pharm Pract.2015 Apr;21(2):128-31. doi: 10.1177/1078155214528552. Epub 2014 Mar 17.
BACKGROUND: The isoflavone genistein, a natural soy product with receptor tyrosine kinase-inhibiting activity, as well as phytoestrogenic and other potential anticarcinogenic effects, is being studied as an anticancer agent. Since isoflavones are commonly consumed in food products containing soy pro
PMID 24642450

Biocompatibility and drug release behavior of scaffolds prepared by coaxial electrospinning of poly(butylene succinate) and polyethylene glycol.

Llorens E1, Ibañez H1, Del Valle LJ2, Puiggalí J3.
Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl.2015 Apr;49:472-84. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.01.039. Epub 2015 Jan 9.
Scaffolds constituted by electrospun microfibers of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) were studied. Specifically, coaxial microfibers having different core-shell distributions and compositions were considered as well as uniaxial micro/nanofibers prepared from mixtures of
PMID 25686974

Japanese Journal

A review: alteration of in vitro reproduction processes by thiols —Emphasis on 2-mercaptoethanol

CLICK Robert E.
Journal of Reproduction and Development 60(6), 399-405, 2014
… In addition, these early findings preceded the identification of previously undefined anticarcinogenic chemicals in specific foods as organosulfurs. …
NAID 130004774170

A Review: Alteration of In Vitro Reproduction Processes by Thiols—Emphasis on 2-mercaptoethanol

CLICK Robert E.
Journal of Reproduction and Development, 399-405, 2014
… In addition, these early findings preceded the identification of previously undefined anticarcinogenic chemicals in specific foods as organosulfurs. …
NAID 130004677400

Effect of Celergen, a marine derivative, on in vitro hepatocarcinogenesis

R. Catanzaro,N. Zerbinati,U. Solimene,G. Celep,F. Marotta,A. Kushugulova,M. Milazzo,C. Tomella,G. Bertuccelli,Z. Zhumadilov
Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics 7(5), 196-200, 2013
… The aim of this study was to test for a potential anticarcinogenic effect of Celergen, a marine derivative devoid of traceable amounts of inorganic arsenic, on cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis in the HepG2 human liver cancer cell line. …
NAID 130005054780