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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/02/12 20:06:28」(JST)

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In dentistry, anodontia, also called anodontia vera, is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the congenital absence of all primary or permanent teeth. It is associated with the group of skin and nerve syndromes called the ectodermal dysplasias. Anodontia is usually part of a syndrome and seldom occurs as an isolated entity.

Anodontia is the congenital absence of teeth and can occur in some or all teeth (partial anodontia or hypodontia), involve two dentitions or only teeth of the permanent dentition (Dorland's 1998). Many denominations are attributed to this anomaly: partial anodontia, hypodontia, oligodontia, the congenital absence, anodontia, bilateral aplasia. Anodontia being the term used in controlled vocabulary Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) from MEDLINE which was developed by the United States National Library of Medicine. The Anodontia of at least one permanent tooth is the most common dental anomaly and may contribute to masticator dysfunction, speech impairment, aesthetic problems, and malocclusion (Shapiro and Farrington 1983). Absence of lateral incisors represents a major stereotype. Individuals with this condition are perceived as socially most aggressive compared with people without anodontia (Shaw 1981).^[1]

Partial anodontia, known as hypodontia or oligodontia, is the congenital absence of one or more teeth. Congenital absence of all wisdom teeth, or third molars, is relatively common.

Treatment[edit]

Prosthetic replacement of missing teeth is possible using dental implant technology or dentures. This treatment can be successful in giving patients with anodontia a more normal appearance.

References[edit]

^ Shaw, W. (1981), The influence of children's dentofacial appearance on their social attractiveness as judged by peers and lay adults* 1, American Journal of Orthodontics 79(4), 399--415. Dorland. Dorland's Medical Dictionary. 1998

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1. 歯の発達障害 developmental defects of the teeth
2. 遺伝性皮膚症 the genodermatoses

English Journal

DNA methylation is critical for tooth agenesis: implications for sporadic non-syndromic anodontia and hypodontia.

Wang J1, Sun K2, Shen Y1, Xu Y1, Xie J2, Huang R2, Zhang Y1, Xu C1, Zhang X1, Wang R1, Lin Y2.
Scientific reports.Sci Rep.2016 Jan 13;6:19162. doi: 10.1038/srep19162.
Hypodontia is caused by interactions among genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors during tooth development, but the actual mechanism is unknown. DNA methylation now appears to play a significant role in abnormal developments, flawed phenotypes, and acquired diseases. Methylated DNA immunopre
PMID 26759063

Anesthetic management of a pediatric patient with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia undergoing emergency surgery.

Ahiskalioglu EO1, Ahiskalioglu A2, Firinci B3, Dostbil A2, Aksoy M2.
Brazilian journal of anesthesiology (Elsevier).Braz J Anesthesiol.2015 Nov-Dec;65(6):522-4. doi: 10.1016/j.bjane.2013.10.014. Epub 2013 Dec 11.
Ectodermal dysplasias are rare conditions with a triad of hypotrichosis, anodontia and anhidrosis. In literature review there have been only a few reports of anesthetic management of patients with ectodermal dysplasias. Hyperthermia is a very serious risk which may occur due to the defect of sweat g
PMID 26614152

[Combined orthodontic and restorative treatment].

Kuijpers MA, Loomans B.
Nederlands tijdschrift voor tandheelkunde.Ned Tijdschr Tandheelkd.2015 Nov;122(11):575-81. doi: 10.5177/ntvt.2015.11.15190.
in

English, DutchBij patiënten met agenesie of met glazuurafwijkingen in het front is vaak een gecombineerde orthodontisch restauratieve behandeling nodig om tot een goed esthetisch resultaat te komen. Hoe beide het beste gerealiseerd kunnen worden, maar ook hoe het resultaat behouden kan blijv