WordNet

communicate with and within a group; "You have to network if you want to get a good job"
(electronics) a system of interconnected electronic components or circuits (同)electronic network
(broadcasting) a communication system consisting of a group of broadcasting stations that all transmit the same programs; "the networks compete to broadcast important sports events"
a system of intersecting lines or channels; "a railroad network"; "a network of canals"
an interconnected system of things or people; "he owned a network of shops"; "retirement meant dropping out of a whole network of people who had been part of my life"; "tangled in a web of cloth" (同)web
wind instrument whose sound is produced by means of pipes arranged in sets supplied with air from a bellows and controlled from a large complex musical keyboard (同)pipe_organ
a fully differentiated structural and functional unit in an animal that is specialized for some particular function
a government agency or instrument devoted to the performance of some specific function; "The Census Bureau is an organ of the Commerce Department"
a periodical that is published by a special interest group; "the organ of the communist party"
cross a river where its shallow
the act of crossing a stream or river by wading or in a car or on a horse (同)fording
a shallow area in a stream that can be forded (同)crossing
unselfishly willing to share with others; "a warm and sharing friend"
having in common; "the sharing of electrons creates molecules"
using or enjoying something jointly with others
a distribution in shares (同)share-out

PrepTutorEJDIC

《時間・距離》『…の間』 / 《利益・貢献》『…のために』 / 《適応・用途》『…向きの(に);』…用の(に);…のための(に) / 《目的・意向》『…のために,』に / 《敬意・記念》『…のために;』…を記念して / 《獲得・追求》『…を得るために』,を求めて / 《行く先・方向》『…あてに;』…[方面]行きの,に向けて / 《交換・報償など》『…に対して』;…と引き換えに;…のお返しに / 《原因・理由》『…のために』,なので / 《代理・代表》『…の代わりに;』…を代表して / 《形容詞の後に用いて》『…にとって,』には / 《比較級の後に用いて》『…の結果として,』…のために / 《対比》『…としては,』のわりには / 《関連》『…について,』の点では / 《資格・属性》『…として』 / 《賛成・支持》…『に賛成して』,を支持して / 《傾向・好み》…『に対する』,には / 《模倣》《おもに米》《英文》…の名を取って(after) / 《割合》…に対して / 《『for』+『名』〈人〉+『to』 doの形で,〈人〉が不定詞to doの意味上の主語を表して》…が(…することは,…するために) / […というのは]…だから
〈U〉〈C〉網,網細工 / 〈C〉『網状のもの』 / 〈C〉(ラジオ・テレビの)放送網
『オルガン』,パイプオルガン(pipe organ),リードオルガン(reed organ),電子オルガン(electronic organ),手回しオルガン(barrel organ) / (動植物の)『器官』 / (政党・会社などの)機関誌,機関紙 / 《しばしば複数形で》(行動・実施などの)組織,機関
(川などの)浅瀬 / 〈川〉‘の'浅瀬を渡る

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/03/29 23:41:10」(JST)

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Located in Richmond, Virginia, the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) is a non-profit, scientific and educational organization that administers the only Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network (OPTN) in the United States, established (42 U.S.C. § 274) by the U.S. Congress in 1984. The organization's headquarters is situated near the intersection of Interstates 95 and 64 in the Virginia BioTechnology Research Park.

UNOS is involved in many aspects of the organ transplant and donation process:

Managing the national transplant waiting list, matching donors to recipients 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.
Maintaining the database that contains all organ transplant data for every transplant event that occurs in the U.S.
Bringing together members to develop policies that make the best use of the limited supply of organs and give all patients a fair chance at receiving the organ they need, regardless of age, sex, ethnicity, religion, lifestyle or financial/social status.
Monitoring every organ match to ensure organ allocation policies are followed.
Providing assistance to patients, family members and friends.
Educating transplant professionals about their important role in the donation and transplant processes.
Educating the public about the importance of organ donation.

UNOS was awarded the initial OPTN contract on September 30, 1986 and is the only organization to ever manage the OPTN. UNOS provides the OPTN with a functional, effective management system incorporating the Board of Directors, committees and regional membership to operate OPTN elements and activities.^[1]

In late December, 2013, it was announced that UNOS had developed new policies and regulations governing the new field of hand and face transplants like it does standard organ transplants, giving more Americans who are disfigured by injury or illness a chance at reconstruction. In July, 2014, government regulations go into effect making hand and face transplants subject to the same oversight by UNOS as heart or kidney transplants.^[2] The rules mean potential transplant recipients will be added to the UNOS network, for matching of donated hands and face tissue to ensure correct tissue type and compatibility for skin color, size, gender and age. Transplants and their outcomes will be tracked. ^[3]

Regions

UNOS and OPTN operate by grouping states into several different regions throughout the country.^[4]

Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Eastern Vermont
Delaware, District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and the part of Northern Virginia in the Donation Service Area served by the Washington Regional Transplant Community (DCTC) Organ procurement organization.
Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi and Puerto Rico
Oklahoma and Texas
Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico and Utah
Alaska, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Oregon and Washington
Illinois, Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota and Wisconsin
Colorado, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska and Wyoming
New York and Western Vermont
Indiana, Michigan and Ohio
Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia

Allocation

UNOS uses a set policy to remove as much subjectivity as possible from the process of matching organs with recipients (referred to as a "match run".)^[5]^[6] There are several factors that are involved, including, but not limited to:

Age
Ability of the patient to recover
ABO (though very young recipients are often considered for ABO-incompatible listing.)
Distance
Height and weight
Life support status
Listing status
Time on the waiting list

The individual criteria varies from one organ type to another. For example, with heart and lung transplantation, candidate recipients are given one of four status levels (1A - the highest level, 1B, 2, and 7).^[7] A matching born (i.e. not in utero) candidate of Status 1A within the donor region, of matching ABO type, and within 500 miles will be given the highest priority, with multiple matches being ranked by time on the waiting list.^[7] Each of those criteria will be progressively relaxed until a match is found.^[7]

Membership

UNOS has five classes of members, with varying levels of rights and obligations.^[4]^[8]

Institutional members: Regional organ procurement organizations (such as Gift of Hope), hospitals that perform transplantation, or histocompatibility laboratories that serve the aforementioned hospitals.
Medical/scientific members: Professional organizations whose membership serve the field of transplantation, such as the American Society of Transplant Surgeons or the American Academy of Pediatrics.
Public organization members: Organizations that serve to support transplant donors, recipients, and their families, such as National Kidney Foundation or the American Diabetes Association, or hospitals that refer donors but do not themselves perform transplants.
Business members: Companies that do business with two or more institutional members.
Individual members: Current or former members of the UNOS Board of Directors; Members or family of transplant candidates, donors, recipients; or other individuals who are or were involved in the field of or regulation of organ donation and transplantation, including employees of institutional members.

References

^ UNOS
^ [1]
^ AP (26 December 2013). "UNOS To Oversee Hand, Face Transplants Like Organs". WeeklyTimes. Retrieved 26 December 2013.
^ ^a ^b United Network for Organ Sharing. (2012, December 13). Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network Bylaws. United Network for Organ Sharing. Retrieved from http://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/ContentDocuments/OPTN_Bylaws.pdf
^ United Network for Organ Sharing. (2013, January 31). OPTN Policy 3.2 - Waiting List. United Network for Organ Sharing. Retrieved from http://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/policiesAndBylaws/policies.asp
^ United Network for Organ Sharing. (2013). OPTN Policy. Retrieved from http://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/policiesAndBylaws/policies.asp
^ ^a ^b ^c United Network for Organ Sharing. (2013, January 31). OPTN Policy 3.7 - Allocation of Thoracic Organs. Retrieved from http://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/policiesAndBylaws/policies.asp
^ OPTN Member Directory. (n.d.). OPTN Member Directory. Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network. Retrieved May 1, 2013, from http://optn.transplant.hrsa.gov/members/search.asp

External links

Official sites:
- Main UNOS site.
- Main OPTN site, with data reports and policies, operated by UNOS on behalf of the Health Resources and Services Administration.
- Transplant Living, for post-transplant recipients and living donors.
- Transplant Pro, for professionals in the transplantation field.
- Center for Transplant System Excellence
- UNOS Meeting Partners, an event-planning service for transplantation-related organizations, including UNOS itself.
- National Donor Memorial
- United for UNOS, which serves to facilitate UNOS community outreach.
Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, related statistical site also operated for the HRSA.

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Effect of Hepatitis C Positivity on Survival in Adult Patients Undergoing Heart Transplantation (from the United Network for Organ Sharing Database).

Kumar S1, Deo SV2, Altarabsheh SE3, Dunlay SM4, Sarabu N5, Sareyyupoglu B6, Elgudin Y6, Medalion B6, ElAmm C6, Ginwalla M6, Zacharias M6, Benatti R6, Oliveira GH6, Kilic A7, Fonarow GC8, Park SJ6.
The American journal of cardiology.Am J Cardiol.2016 Jul 1;118(1):132-7. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2016.04.023. Epub 2016 Apr 20.
Concerns exist regarding orthotropic heart transplantation in hepatitis C virus (HCV) seropositive recipients. Thus, a national registry was accessed to evaluate early and late outcome in HCV seropositive recipients undergoing heart transplant. Retrospective analysis of the United Network for Organ
PMID 27189814

A Review of Organ Transplantation: Heart, Lung, Kidney, Liver, and Simultaneous Liver-Kidney.

Scheuher C1.
Critical care nursing quarterly.Crit Care Nurs Q.2016 Jul-Sep;39(3):199-206. doi: 10.1097/CNQ.0000000000000115.
Heart, lung, kidney, liver, and simultaneous liver-kidney transplants share many features. They all follow the same 7-step process, the same 3 immunosuppressant medications, and the same reason for organ transplantation. Organs are transplanted because of organ failure. The similarities end there. E
PMID 27254636

Assessment of Heart Transplant Waitlist Time and Pre- and Post-transplant Failure: A Mixed Methods Approach.

Goldstein BA1, Thomas L, Zaroff JG, Nguyen J, Menza R, Khush KK.
Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.).Epidemiology.2016 Jul;27(4):469-76. doi: 10.1097/EDE.0000000000000472.
BACKGROUND: Over the past two decades, there have been increasingly long waiting times for heart transplantation. We studied the relationship between heart transplant waiting time and transplant failure (removal from the waitlist, pretransplant death, or death or graft failure within 1 year) to dete
PMID 26928705

Japanese Journal

Pancreas transplant outcomes for United States (US) and non-US cases as reported to the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) and the International Pancreas Transplant Registry (IPTR) as of June 2004