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1. Toll様受容体：疾患および治療における役割toll like receptors roles in disease and therapy [show details]
… toll/interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor (TIR) domain-containing adapter protein (TIRAP/MyD88 adapter-like [MAL], TLR2/1, TLR2/6, and TLR4) . There is also a MyD88-independent pathway via the molecule TIR domain-containing …
2. 自然免疫系の概要an overview of the innate immune system [show details]
… acid-inducible gene 1), melanoma-associated differentiation protein 5 (MDA5), and laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (LGP2). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are transmembrane PRRs that are found on and within …
3. 肥満細胞：表面受容体とシグナル伝達mast cells surface receptors and signal transduction [show details]
… immunoglobulin E (IgE) receptor, immunoglobulin G (IgG) receptors, toll-like receptors (TLRs), receptors for stem cell factor (SCF), complement proteins, cytokine receptors (eg, for the alarmins interleukin-33 [IL-33] …
4. 糸球体の免疫障害の機序mechanisms of immune injury of the glomerulus [show details]
… angiopoietin-like 4 protein (Angptl4) may play an important role in the pathogenesis of MCD . Experimental data show that overproduction of this protein in podocytes causes binding of the protein to the glomerular… toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) enhanced glomerular leukocyte recruitment . Glomerular endothelial cells are a target of innate immunity since increased toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression…
5. アテローム性動脈硬化症の病因pathogenesis of atherosclerosis [show details]
… Among the many molecules that have been implicated are: monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1 ; intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1… Further evidence for the role of inflammation comes from study of polymorphisms in the toll-like receptor 4 gene that confer differences in the inflammatory…

English Journal

The roles of apoptosis, autophagy and unfolded protein response in arbovirus, influenza virus, and HIV infections.

Mehrbod P, Ande SR, Alizadeh J, Rahimizadeh S, Shariati A, Malek H, Hashemi M, Glover KKM, Sher AA, Coombs KM, Ghavami S.
Virulence. 2019 Dec;10(1)376-413.
Virus infection induces different cellular responses in infected cells. These include cellular stress responses like autophagy and unfolded protein response (UPR). Both autophagy and UPR are connected to programed cell death I (apoptosis) in chronic stress conditions to regulate cellular homeostasis
PMID 30966844

High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) antagonist BoxA suppresses status epilepticus-induced neuroinflammatory responses associated with Toll-like receptor 2/4 down-regulation in rats.

Yu S, Zhang H, Hei Y, Yi X, Baskys A, Liu W, Long Q.
Brain research. 2019 Aug;1717()44-51.
It has been generally accepted that inflammatory responses induced by status epilepticus (SE) in the brain are associated with microglial activation. One important regulator of microglial activation is high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) protein. HMGB1 exerts its influence on microglia via various pat
PMID 30986405

Digested total protein and protein fractions from chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.) had high scavenging capacity and inhibited 5-LOX, COX-1-2, and iNOS enzymes.

Grancieri M, Martino HSD, Gonzalez de Mejia E.
Food chemistry. 2019 Aug;289()204-214.
The objective was to identify and characterize peptides from digested total protein (DTP) and isolated protein fractions (DPF), and their potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects, from chia seed (Salvia hispanica L.). Total protein and protein fractions from chia see
PMID 30955604

Japanese Journal

Toll-Like Receptor 9 Plays a Pivotal Role in Angiotensin II–Induced Atherosclerosis

Fukuda Daiju,Nishimoto Sachiko,Aini Kunduziayi,Tanaka Atsushi,Nishiguchi Tsuyoshi,Kim-Kaneyama Joo-ri,Lei Xiao-Feng,Masuda Kiyoshi,Naruto Takuya,Tanaka Kimie,Higashikuni Yasutomi,Hirata Yoichiro,Yagi Shusuke,Kusunose Kenya,Yamada Hirotsugu,Soeki Takeshi,Imoto Issei,Akasaka Takashi,Shimabukuro Michio,Sata Masataka
Journal of the American Heart Association 8(7), e010860, 2019-03-23
… BackgroundToll-like receptor (TLR) 9 recognizes bacterial DNA, activating innate immunity, whereas it also provokes inflammation in response to fragmented DNA released from mammalian cells. … A TLR9 agonist markedly promoted proinflammatory activation of Apoe-/- macrophages, partially through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. …
NAID 120006602927

The Role of Low-Level Sodium Fluoride in Periodontal Inflammation

Kim Il-Shin,Song Wenqun,Arakawa Hirohisa
Journal of Hard Tissue Biology 28(2), 159-164, 2019
… In this study, we investigated the molecular basis for the down-regulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signal transduction by low-level fluoride (NaF) in periodontal ligament cells. … gingivalis-derived lipopolysaccharide (LPS) markedly elevated the mRNA and protein expression levels of DEC1, a regulator of TLR signaling. …
NAID 130007636418

Neutralizing antibodies for Helicobacter pylori urease inhibit bacterial colonization in the murine stomach in vivo

TAKESHITA Hikaru,WATANABE Eri,NOROSE Yoshihiko,ITO Yasuhiko,TAKAHASHI Hidemi
Biomedical Research 40(2), 87-95, 2019
… pylori) urease is a key protein for persistent infection of the bacteria … Furthermore, the recognition of epitope UB-33 was mediated through Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) on the B-1 cells using TLR2-knockout BALB/c mice in vivo. …
NAID 130007632093