ナナカマド属、ソルブス属、Sorbus属
- 関
- mountain ash、rowan
WordNet
- a genus of shrubs or trees of the family Rosaceae having feathery leaves (同)genus Sorbus
- Eurasian tree with orange-red berrylike fruits (同)rowan tree, European mountain ash, Sorbus aucuparia
PrepTutorEJDIC
- ナナカマド(mountain ash)(バラ科の落葉高木)
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/07/04 09:26:25」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Sorbus |
|
| European Rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) with fruit |
| Scientific classification |
| Kingdom: |
Plantae |
| (unranked): |
Angiosperms |
| (unranked): |
Eudicots |
| (unranked): |
Rosids |
| Order: |
Rosales |
| Family: |
Rosaceae |
| Subfamily: |
Amygdaloideae[1] |
| Tribe: |
Maleae |
| Subtribe: |
Malinae |
| Genus: |
Sorbus
L. |
| Subgenera |
- Sorbus
- Aria
- Micromeles
- Cormus
- Torminaria
- Chamaemespilus
|
Sorbus is a genus of about 100–200 species of trees and shrubs in the Rose family Rosaceae. Species of Sorbus (s.l.) are commonly known as whitebeam, rowan, service tree, and mountain-ash. The exact number of species is disputed depending on the circumscription of the genus, and also due to the number of apomictic microspecies, which some treat as distinct species but others group in a smaller number of variable species. Recent treatments [2][3][4][5] treat Sorbus in a narrower sense to include only the pinnate leaved species of subgenus Sorbus, raising several of the other subgenera to generic rank.
Sorbus is unrelated to the true ash trees which belong to the genus Fraxinus, although the leaves are superficially similar.
As treated in its broad sense, the genus is divided into two main and three or four small subgenera (with more recent generic assignments in parentheses):
- Sorbus subgenus Sorbus (genus Sorbus s.s.), commonly known as the rowan (primarily in the UK) or mountain-ash (in both North America and the UK), with compound leaves usually hairless or thinly hairy below; fruit carpels not fused; the type is Sorbus aucuparia (European rowan). Distribution: cool-temperate Northern Hemisphere. (Genus Sorbus s.s.)
- Sorbus subgenus Aria (genus Aria), the whitebeam, with simple leaves usually strongly white-hairy below (hence the name, from German Weissbaum, 'white tree'); fruit carpels not fused; the type is Sorbus aria (common whitebeam). Distribution: temperate Europe & Asia.
-
- Sorbus subgenus Micromeles (genus Aria), an indistinct group of a few east Asian species (e.g. Sorbus alnifolia, Korean whitebeam) with narrow leaves; doubtfully distinct from and often included in subgenus Aria. Distribution: temperate northeast Asia.
- Sorbus subgenus Cormus (genus Cormus), with compound leaves similar to subgenus Sorbus, but with distinct fused carpels in the fruit; just one species, Sorbus domestica (True Service Tree). Distribution: North Africa, warm-temperate Europe, West Asia.
- Sorbus subgenus Torminaria (genus Torminalis), with rather maple-like lobed leaves with pointed lobes; fruit carpels not fused; just one species, Sorbus torminalis (Wild Service Tree). Distribution: temperate Europe, south to the mountains of North Africa and east to the Caucasus ranges.
- Sorbus subgenus Chamaemespilus (genus Chamaemespilus), a single shrubby species Sorbus chamaemespilus (false medlar) with simple, glabrous leaves and pink flowers with erect sepals and petals. Distribution: mountains of southern Europe.
- Hybrids are common in the genus, including many between the subgenera; very often these hybrids are apomictic (self-fertile without pollination), so able to reproduce clonally from seed without any variation. This has led to a very large number of microspecies, particularly in western Europe (including Britain) and parts of China.
Sorbus species are used as food plants by the larvae of some moth species—see list of Lepidoptera that feed on Sorbus.
Wine
Sorbus was also a fortified Finnish fruit wine flavoured with rowan berries (sold until August 21, 2010). Sorbus domestica is used to flavour some apple wines, see apfelwein.
References
- ^ D. Potter, T. Eriksson, R. C. Evans, S. Oh, J. E. E. Smedmark, D. R. Morgan, M. Kerr, K. R. Robertson, M. Arsenault, T. A. Dickinson & C. S. Campbell (2007). "Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae" (PDF). Plant Systematics and Evolution 266 (1–2): 5–43. doi:10.1007/s00606-007-0539-9. Note that this publication pre-dates the 2011 International Botanical Congress which mandates that the combined subfamily referred to in the paper as Spiraeoideae must be called Amygdaloideae.
- ^ Robertson, K. R., J. B. Phipps, J. R. Rohrer, and P. G. Smith. 1991. A Synopsis of Genera in Maloideae (Rosaceae). Systematic Botany 16: 376–394.
- ^ McAllister, H. 2005. The Genus Sorbus: Mountain Ash and Other Rowans. Richmond, Surrey, UK: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
- ^ Potter, D., T. Eriksson, R. C. Evans, S.-H. Oh, J. E. E. Smedmark, D.R. Morgan, M. S. Kerr, and C. S. Campbell. (2007). Phylogeny and classification of Rosaceae. Plant Systematics and Evolution. 266(1–2): 5–43.
- ^ Campbell C. S., R. C. Evans, D. R. Morgan, T. A. Dickinson, and M. P. Arsenault. 2007. Phylogeny of subtribe Pyrinae (formerly the Maloideae, Rosaceae): Limited resolution of a complex evolutionary history. Pl. Syst. Evol. 266: 119–145.
Further reading
- Price, D.T. 2007. One-way introgressive hybridisation between Sorbus aria and S. torminalis (Rosaceae) in southern Britain. Watsonia. 26: 419–431.
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sorbus. |
English Journal
- In vivo screening of traditional medicinal plants for neuroprotective activity against Aβ42 cytotoxicity by using Drosophila models of Alzheimer's disease.
- Liu QF1, Lee JH, Kim YM, Lee S, Hong YK, Hwang S, Oh Y, Lee K, Yun HS, Lee IS, Jeon S, Chin YW, Koo BS, Cho KS.
- Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin.Biol Pharm Bull.2015 Oct 10. [Epub ahead of print]
- Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by progressive neuronal loss with amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) plaques. Despite several drugs currently used to treat AD, their beneficial effects on AD progress remains under debate. Here, we established a rapid in vi
- PMID 26458335
- When sexual meets apomict: genome size, ploidy level and reproductive mode variation of Sorbus aria s.l. and S. austriaca (Rosaceae) in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
- Hajrudinović A1, Siljak-Yakovlev S2, Brown SC3, Pustahija F1, Bourge M3, Ballian D1, Bogunić F4.
- Annals of botany.Ann Bot.2015 Aug;116(2):301-12. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcv093. Epub 2015 Jun 25.
- BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Allopolyploidy and intraspecific heteroploid crosses are associated, in certain groups, with changes in the mating system. The genus Sorbus represents an appropriate model to study the relationships between ploidy and reproductive mode variations. Diploid S. aria and tetraploid
- PMID 26113635
- (1S,3R,4S,5R)5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid: isolation, stereo-structure characterization and biological activity.
- Forino M1, Tenore GC2, Tartaglione L2, Carmela D2, Novellino E2, Ciminiello P2.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2015 Jul 1;178:306-10. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.109. Epub 2015 Jan 31.
- Sorbus domestica fruits (sorbs) are commonly harvested and consumed for their nutritious qualities and have long been used as natural remedy against diabetes in the popular medicine. Recently, sorbs have been described as sources of antioxidant compounds including polyphenols. Chemical analyses carr
- PMID 25704716
Japanese Journal
- Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activities of ursane- and lupane-type triterpenes from Sorbus pohuashanensis
- Li Dongxia,Li Wei,Higai Koji [他]
- Journal of natural medicines 68(2), 427-431, 2014
- NAID 40020023351
- 街路樹として植栽されたナナカマド果実生産量の年変動 : 北海道内6都市における2001~2009年の記録
- 松岡 茂
- 森林総合研究所研究報告 = Bulletin of the Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute 12(4), 179-195, 2013-12
- NAID 40019955600
- ナナカマド果実の種子パッキング戦略 : 種子を何個詰めるのが有利なのか
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
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- ラ
- Sorbus
- 関
- ナナカマド、Sorbus属、ソルブス属
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- ラ
- Sorbus
- 関
- ナナカマド属、Sorbus属
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ナナカマド
- 関
- mountain ash、Sorbus
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ナナカマド
- 関
- rowan、Sorbus
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- ラ
- Sorbus
- 関
- ナナカマド属、ソルブス属
