関: sugarcane

WordNet

juicy canes whose sap is a source of molasses and commercial sugar; fresh canes are sometimes chewed for the juice (同)sugar cane
tall tropical southeast Asian grass having stout fibrous jointed stalks; sap is a chief source of sugar (同)sugar cane, Saccharum_officinarum
tall perennial reedlike grass originally of southeastern Asia: sugarcane (同)genus Saccharum

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/07/05 21:59:19」(JST)

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Saccharum officinarum, sugar cane, is a large, strong-growing species of grass in the genus Saccharum. It originated in southeast Asia^[1] and is now cultivated in tropical and subtropical countries worldwide for the production of sugar and other products.

Description[edit]

Saccharum officinarum is a perennial plant that grows in clumps consisting of a number of strong unbranched stems. A network of rhizomes forms under the soil which send up secondary shoots near the parent plant. The stems vary in colour being green, pinkish or purple and can reach 5 metres (16 ft) in height. They are jointed, nodes being present at the bases of the alternate leaves. The internodes contain a fibrous white pith immersed in sugary sap. The elongated, linear, green leaves have thick midribs and saw-toothed edges and grow to a length of about 30 to 60 centimetres (12 to 24 in) and width of 5 centimetres (2.0 in). The terminal inflorescence is a panicle up to 60 centimetres (24 in) long, a pinkish plume that is broadest at the base and tapering towards the top. The spikelets are borne on side branches and are about 3 millimetres (0.12 in) long and are concealed in tufts of long, silky hair. The fruits are dry and each one contains a single seed.^[2]^[3] When sugar cane is harvested, harvesting typically occurs before the plant flowers, as the flowering process causes a reduction in sugar content.^[4]

Uses[edit]

Harvesting sugar cane by hand

Portions of the stem of this and several other species of sugar cane have been used from ancient times for chewing to extract the sweet juice. It was cultivated in New Guinea about eight thousand years ago for this purpose. Extraction of the juice by boiling was probably first done in India more than two thousand years ago.^[2]

Saccharum officinarum and its hybrids are grown for the production of sugar, ethanol and other industrial uses in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The stems and the by-products of the sugar industry are used for feeding to livestock. It has been found that pigs fed on sugar cane juice and a soy based protein supplement produced stronger piglets that grew faster than those on a more conventional diet.^[5] As its specific name (officinarum, "of dispensaries") implies, it is also used in traditional medicine both internally and externally.^[2]

References[edit]

^ In New Guinea, according to sources cited by Christian Daniels in Joseph Needham, Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 6.3, p. 129ff.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Saccharum officinarum". Kew Royal Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 2012-09-21.
^ "Saccharum officinarum L.". FAO. Retrieved 2012-09-21.
^ "The Biology and Ecology of Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) in Australia, Australian Government, Department of Health and Ageing, Office of the Gene Technology Regulator, 2004; p. 10.
^ "Sugar cane". Feeding pigs in the tropics. FAO. Retrieved 2012-09-21.

English Journal

The assessment of epiphytic yeast diversity in sugarcane phyllosphere in Thailand by culture-independent method.

Nasanit R1, Tangwong-O-Thai A1, Tantirungkij M2, Limtong S3.
Fungal biology.Fungal Biol.2015 Dec;119(12):1145-57. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2015.08.021. Epub 2015 Sep 9.
The diversity of epiphytic yeasts from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum Linn.) phyllospheres in Thailand was investigated by culture-independent method based on the analysis of the D1/D2 domains of the large subunit rRNA gene sequences. Forty-five samples of sugarcane leaf were collected randomly fr
PMID 26615738

Biotrophic interaction of Sporisorium scitamineum on a new host-Saccharum spontaneum.

Jose RC1, Louis B2, Goyari S3, Waikhom SD2, Handique PJ4, Talukdar NC5.
Micron (Oxford, England : 1993).Micron.2015 Nov 17;81:8-15. doi: 10.1016/j.micron.2015.11.002. [Epub ahead of print]
Sporisorium scitamineum is a biotrophic smut fungus harbored inside the smut gall on the top internodal region of Saccharum spontaneum, a wild relative of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum). The interactions of spined conidia of S. scitamineum with S. spontaneum were examined during the different sta
PMID 26642345

Modifying solubility of polymeric xylan extracted from Eucalyptus grandis and sugarcane bagasse by suitable side chain removing enzymes.

Gomes KR1, Chimphango AF1, Görgens JF2.
Carbohydrate polymers.Carbohydr Polym.2015 Oct 20;131:177-85. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.05.029. Epub 2015 Jun 1.
α-l-Arabinofuranosidase (AbfB) and novel α-d-glucuronidase (Agu1B) enzymes were applied for selective hydrolysis of beechwood (Fagus sylvatica) xylan (Sigma-Aldrich) as well as xylans extracted from Eucalyptus grandis and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) bagasse, leading to precipitation of th
PMID 26256174

Japanese Journal

Estimation of contribution of nitrogen fixation in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) plants with ¹⁵N dilution method in relation to nitrogen supply period

飛山隆洋,百瀬篤志,西村圭子 [他],Ishizaki Noriko,Ishikawa Shinji,Yamamoto Misaki,Hung Ngyuen Van Phi,Chamaiporn Anuwong,Ruamrungsri Soraya,Ohtake Norikuni,Sueyoshi Kuni,Ohyama Takuji,飛山隆洋,百瀬篤志,西村圭子,石崎記子,石川伸二,山本美祥,大竹憲邦,末吉邦,大山卓爾
新潟大学農学部研究報告 66(1), 11-19, 2013-10
… Pot experiment was conducted in warm greenhouse in Niigata University to estimate the contribution of nitrogen fixation in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L. …
NAID 120005345541

サトウキビ(Saccharum officinarum L.)から分離した窒素固定内生菌の窒素固定と窒素放出機構

百瀬篤志,飛山隆洋,西村圭子 [他],Ishizaki Noriko,Ishikawa Shinji,Yamamoto Misaki,Hung Ngyuen Van Phi,Ohtake Norikuni,Sueyoshi Kuni,Ohyama Takuji,百瀬篤志,飛山隆洋,西村圭子,石崎記子,石川伸二,山本美祥,大竹憲邦,末吉邦,大山卓爾
新潟大学農学部研究報告 66(1), 1-9, 2013-10
… This result indicates that the cultured JA1 released N after stopping growth and nitrogen fixation, possibly by their death and degradation.サトウキビ（Saccharum officinarum L., 品種農林８号）の茎から分離された内生窒素固定菌（JA1株、JA2株、菌の性質からGluconacetobacter diazotrophicus と予測された）の15N2固定活性とアセチレン還元活性（ARA）を調べた。 …
NAID 120005345539

サトウキビ春植え時における栽培管理が株出し栽培の生育に及ぼす影響

井上健一,橋口健一郎
日本土壌肥料學雜誌 82(5), 375-380, 2011-10-05
サトウキビ株出し栽培の生産安定を目的として,前作(春植え栽培)における管理の違いが後作(株出し栽培)の乾物生産性に及ぼす影響を調査した.また,後作の生育には,収穫後に地下部に残った茎中の栄養状態の関与が指摘されていることから,前作収穫茎の蔗汁Brix,乾物率,窒素含有率と後作生育との関係を検討した.1)前作における収穫茎中の窒素含有率は,7〜9月の夏期にかん水を行うことによって低下し,追肥窒素を倍 …
NAID 110009359623

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「sugarcane」
関連記事	「Saccharum」

「sugarcane」

Saccharum officinarum
	Saccharum officinarum growing in Mozambique
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Monocots
(unranked):	Commelinids
Order:	Poales
Family:	Poaceae
Subfamily:	Panicoideae
Tribe:	Andropogoneae
Genus:	Saccharum
Species:	S. officinarum
Binomial name
	Saccharum officinarum; L.

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関: Saccharum、Saccharum officinarum

「Saccharum」

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関: sugarcane

[1] In New Guinea, according to sources cited by Christian Daniels in Joseph Needham, Science and Civilisation in China, Volume 6.3, p. 129ff.

[Kew-2] "Saccharum officinarum". Kew Royal Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 2012-09-21.

[FAO-3] "Saccharum officinarum L.". FAO. Retrieved 2012-09-21.

[4] "The Biology and Ecology of Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) in Australia, Australian Government, Department of Health and Ageing, Office of the Gene Technology Regulator, 2004; p. 10.

[5] "Sugar cane". Feeding pigs in the tropics. FAO. Retrieved 2012-09-21.

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Saccharum officinarum