関: Rhodobacter sphaeroides、Rhodobacter spheroides

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/08/14 20:59:13」(JST)

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Rhodobacter sphaeroides is a kind of purple bacteria; a group of bacteria that can obtain energy through photosynthesis. Its best growth conditions are anaerobic phototrophy (photoheterotrophic and photoautotrophic) and aerobic chemoheterotrophy in the absence of light.^[1] R. sphaeroides is also able to fix nitrogen.^[2] It is remarkably metabolically diverse, as it is able to grow heterotrophically via fermentation and aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

R. sphaeroides has been isolated from deep lakes and stagnate waters.^[2]

R. sphaeroides is one of the most pivotal organisms in the study of bacterial photosynthesis. It requires no unusual conditions for growth and is incredibly efficient. The regulation of its photosynthetic machinery is of great interest to researchers, as R. sphaeroides has an intricate system for sensing O2 tensions.^[3] Also, when exposed to a reduction in the partial pressure of oxygen, R. sphaeroides develops invaginations in its cellular membrane. The photosynthetic apparatus is housed in these invaginations.^[3] These invaginations are also known as chromatophores.

The genome of R. sphaeroides is also somewhat intriguing. It has two chromosomes, one of 3 Mb (CI) and one of 900 Kb (CII), and five naturally occurring plasmids. Many genes are duplicated between the two chromosomes but appear to be differentially regulated. Moreover, many of the open reading frames (ORFs) on CII seem to code for proteins of unknown function. When genes of unknown function on CII are disrupted, many types of auxotrophy result, emphasizing that the CII is not merely a truncated version of CI.^[4]

Accepted name

Rhodobacter sphaeroides (van Niel 1944) Imhoff et al., 1984^[5]

Synonyms

Rhodococcus minor Molisch 1907
Rhodococcus capsulatus Molisch 1907
Rhodosphaera capsulata (Molisch) Buchanan 1918
Rhodosphaera minor (Molisch) Bergey et al. 1923
Rhodorhagus minor (Molisch) Bergey et al. 1925
Rhodorhagus capsulatus (Molisch) Bergey et al. 1925
Rhodorrhagus capsulatus Bergey et al. 1939
Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides van Niel 1944
Rhodopseudomonas spheroides van Niel 1944
Rhodorrhagus spheroides (van Niel) Brisou 1955

References

^ Mackenzie C, Eraso JM, Choudhary M, Roh JH, Zeng X, Bruscella P et al. (2007). "Postgenomic adventures with Rhodobacter sphaeroides.". Annu Rev Microbiol 61: 283–307. doi:10.1146/annurev.micro.61.080706.093402. PMID 17506668.
^ ^a ^b De Universiteit van Texas over Rhodobacter sphaeroides
^ ^a ^b Oh, JI.; Kaplan, S. (Mar 2001). "Generalized approach to the regulation and integration of gene expression.". Mol Microbiol 39 (5): 1116–23. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2001.02299.x. PMID 11251830.
^ Mackenzie, C. et al. Multiple Chromosome in Bacteria: The Yin and Yang of trp Gene Localization in Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1. Genetics 1999 October; 153(2): 525-538
^ Bacteriology Insight Orienting System over Rhodobacter sphaeroides

Bibliography

Inomata Tsuyako, Higuchi Masataka (1976), Incorporation of tritium into cell materials of Rhodopseudomonas spheroides from tritiated water in the medium under aerobic conditions ; Journal of Biochemistry 80(3), p569-578, 1976-09

External links

Video recordings van R. sphaeroides

English Journal

Albirhodobacter marinus gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Rhodobacteraceae isolated from sea shore water of Visakhapatnam, India.

Nupur, Vaidya B, Tanuku NR, Pinnaka AK.SourceMicrobial Type Culture Collection and Gene Bank, Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR), Sector 39A, Chandigarh, 160 036, India.
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek.Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek.2013 Feb;103(2):347-55. doi: 10.1007/s10482-012-9814-z. Epub 2012 Sep 22.
A novel marine, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain N9(T), was isolated from a water sample of the sea shore at Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh (India). Strain N9(T) was found to be positive for oxidase and catalase activities. The fatty acids were found to be dominated by C(16:0),
PMID 23001431

Transcriptome Response to Nitrosative Stress in Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1.

Arai H, Roh JH, Eraso JM, Kaplan S.SourceDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas.
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry.Biosci Biotechnol Biochem.2013 Jan 23;77(1):111-8. Epub 2013 Jan 7.
The facultative photosynthetic bacterium Rhodobacter sphaeroides 2.4.1 has a nitric oxide-response transcriptional regulator, NnrR, and nitric oxide reductase (NOR), although it is incapable of denitrification. To investigate at the genomic level the physiological response to nitrosative stress of R
PMID 23291753

ALE: a generic assembly likelihood evaluation framework for assessing the accuracy of genome and metagenome assemblies.

Clark SC, Egan R, Frazier PI, Wang Z.SourceCenter for Applied Mathematics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, Department of Energy, Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, CA 94598, USA, Genomics Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA and School of Operations Research and Information Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Bioinformatics (Oxford, England).Bioinformatics.2013 Jan 21. [Epub ahead of print]
MOTIVATION: Researchers need general purpose methods for objectively evaluating the accuracy of single and metagenome assemblies and for automatically detecting any errors they may contain. Current methods do not fully meet this need because they require a reference, only consider one of the many as
PMID 23303509

Japanese Journal

カロテノイドの蓄積に伴う色調変化を利用する生細胞型バイオセンサーの開発(<特集>安心と安全に役立つ分析化学)

吉田一之,磯田勝広,八木清仁,前田勇
分析化学 56(12), 993-1003, 2007-12-05
微生物の有する化学物質センサー系を活用し,微生物の生細胞をバイオセンサーの素子とすることが可能である.遺伝子組み換え技術によりセンサー系と発光タンパク質等のレポーター系の発現を連動させることにより,バイオセンサーの化学物質に対する特異性や感度の向上が期待できる.著者らはレポーター系のシグナル検出の際,簡便に視認が可能な光合成細菌のカロテノイド合成系を利用したバイオセンサーを開発した.本バイオセンサ …
NAID 110006570391

3F10-1 カロテノイド合成変異グリーンミュータントを宿主とした微生物センサーの開発(光合成微生物,植物細胞工学・植物組織培養・植物育種工学,免疫工学,一般講演)

吉田一之,吉岡大樹,井上浩一,高市真一,前田勇
日本生物工学会大会講演要旨集平成19年度, 146, 2007-08-02
NAID 110007322885

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ロドシュードモナス・スフェロイデス」「Rhodobacter sphaeroides」「Rhodobacter spheroides」
関連記事	「Rhodopseudomonas」「sphaeroides」

「ロドシュードモナス・スフェロイデス」

Rhodobacter sphaeroides
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Proteobacteria
Class:	Alphaproteobacteria
Order:	Rhodobacterales
Family:	Rhodobacteraceae
Genus:	Rhodobacter; (van Niel 1944) Imhoff et al.