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(血液,リンパ液中の)小球,血球 / 微粒子

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English Journal

Roughness perception in tactile channels: evidence for an opponent process in the sense of touch.

Gescheider GA1, Wright JH.Author information 1Institute for Sensory Research, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA. ggeschei@hamilton.eduAbstractMagnitude estimates of the tactile roughness of raised-dot surfaces revealed that perceived overall roughness, defined as the combination of the perceived roughness of the dot pattern and the perceived roughness of the individual dots in the pattern, is an inverted U-shaped function of dot spacing, reaching a maximum at approximately 3.0 mm of dot separation. The hypothesis that Pacinian corpuscles are involved in roughness perception has been supported by the finding that selective adaptation of the Pacinian corpuscle (PC) channel with a 250-Hz stimulus at 20-dB SL results in a decrease in the perceived overall roughness of the raised-dot surface at the fingertip. The effect of PC channel adaptation on perceived overall roughness was attributable entirely to a reduction in the perceived roughness of the individual raised dots; PC adaptation had no effect on the perceived roughness of the raised-dot pattern. Selective adaptation of the slowly adapting type I (SA I) channel with a 5-Hz stimulus at 20-dB SL had the opposite effect of PC channel adaptation and resulted in an increase in the perceived roughness of the individual raised dots, and consequently the perceived overall roughness of the raised-dot surface. As was the case with PC channel adaptation, SA I channel adaptation had no effect on the perceived roughness of the pattern. Adaptation with a compound adapting stimulus containing 5- and 250-Hz components at 20-dB SL had no effect on perceived overall roughness, which suggests that the PC and SA I channels operate antagonistically in an opponent-process fashion in the perception of the microstructure of a textured surface. Neither PC adaptation nor SA I adaptation affected perceived pattern roughness, which suggests that pattern roughness is coded by relative rather than by absolute spatial variation in firing rate.
Somatosensory & motor research.Somatosens Mot Res.2013 Sep;30(3):120-32. doi: 10.3109/08990220.2013.779242. Epub 2013 Apr 22.
Magnitude estimates of the tactile roughness of raised-dot surfaces revealed that perceived overall roughness, defined as the combination of the perceived roughness of the dot pattern and the perceived roughness of the individual dots in the pattern, is an inverted U-shaped function of dot spacing,
PMID 23952287

Histology of Palate and Soft Palate Tonsil of Collared Peccary (Tayassu tajacu).

Teófilo TS1, Morais MR, Dias GF, Diniz AN, Chaves HS, Fontenele-Neto JD.Author information 1Laboratory of Histology, Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi - Árido - UFERSA, 59625-900, Mossoró, RN, Brazil.AbstractPeccaries are characterized by a prominent skin gland, known as scent gland, which is located in the middle of the rump. These animals are able to survive in a great variety of habitats, from humid tropical forests to semi-arid areas. They are omnivorous animals, and their diet includes fibrous material, vegetables, fruits, small vertebrates and insects. Collared peccary hard palate and soft palate tonsils were studied, macroscopic morphometric data were collected and tissue samples were paraffin-embedded. Sections were stained with HE, Gomori's trichrome and von Kossa; the first two were used to study general organization and the latter to detect calcium deposits. The hard palate showed one incisive papilla followed by several rugae united by a distinct raphe. The hard palate is lined by a keratinised squamous epithelium resting on a dense connective, whereas in the soft palate, the epithelium is parakeratinised and showed lymphocyte infiltration. The palate showed several pacinian corpuscles in the propria-submucosa. Two ovoid-shaped tonsils were found in the soft palate, and several crypts were observed on its surface. The epithelium was highly infiltrated by lymphocytes, and within the crypts, tonsilloliths were frequently observed. The study showed that the general organization of collared peccary palate is similar to other species, but in its oropharynx, only the soft palate tonsil was present and the pacinian corpuscles formed small aggregates.
Anatomia, histologia, embryologia.Anat Histol Embryol.2013 Aug 26. doi: 10.1111/ahe.12084. [Epub ahead of print]
Peccaries are characterized by a prominent skin gland, known as scent gland, which is located in the middle of the rump. These animals are able to survive in a great variety of habitats, from humid tropical forests to semi-arid areas. They are omnivorous animals, and their diet includes fibrous mate
PMID 24033496

Hand-arm vibration syndrome: clinical characteristics, conventional electrophysiology and quantitative sensory testing.

Rolke R1, Rolke S, Vogt T, Birklein F, Geber C, Treede RD, Letzel S, Voelter-Mahlknecht S.Author information 1Department of Palliative Medicine, Rheinische Friedrich Wilhelms-University, Bonn, Germany.AbstractOBJECTIVE: Workers exposed to vibrating tools may develop hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). We assessed the somatosensory phenotype using quantitative sensory testing (QST) in comparison to electrophysiology to characterize (1) the most sensitive QST parameter for detecting sensory loss, (2) the correlation of QST and electrophysiology, and (3) the frequency of a carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) in HAVS.
Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.Clin Neurophysiol.2013 Aug;124(8):1680-8. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2013.01.025. Epub 2013 Mar 16.
OBJECTIVE: Workers exposed to vibrating tools may develop hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). We assessed the somatosensory phenotype using quantitative sensory testing (QST) in comparison to electrophysiology to characterize (1) the most sensitive QST parameter for detecting sensory loss, (2) the c
PMID 23507585