Mesembryanthemum

メセンブリアンテマム属、Mesembryanthemum属

関

ice plant

　

WordNet

1. South African annual or biennial plants having flowers that open only in bright sunlight (同)genus Mesembryanthemum

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/18 21:37:53」(JST)

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Mesembryanthemum
M. crystallinum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Core eudicots
Order:	Caryophyllales
Family:	Aizoaceae
Subfamily:	Mesembryanthemoideae
Genus:	Mesembryanthemum L.
Species
Several, see text.
Synonyms
Mesembrianthemum (lapsus) and see text

Mesembryanthemum (meaning "midday flowering") is a genus of flowering plants indigenous to southern Africa. Many species formerly placed herein, such as Dorotheanthus bellidiformis, Carpobrotus and Sceletium have since been moved into other genera.

Fig marigold or icicle plant is a name for any of several South African taxa of Mesembryanthemum which are cultivated as ornamental plants for their showy pink or white flowers. "Pebble plant" or "Ice plant" are other, but rather ambiguous, common names, usually referring to other Aizoaceae. In Afrikaans, "Mesembryanthemums" are known as 'vygies', although this term also refers to many plants in the family Aizoaceae.

Mesembryanthemum is a member of the family Aizoaceae; like many members of this family, it is characterized by long-lasting flower heads. Flowers of Mesembryanthemum protect their gametes from night-time dews or frosts but open in sunlight. There is an obvious evolutionary advantage to doing this; where sun, dew, frost, wind or predators are likely to damage exposed reproductive organs, closing may be advantageous during times when flowers are unlikely to attract pollinators.

Ornamental Mesembryanthemum may escape into the wild and consequently has become widely naturalized outside their native range. They are considered an invasive weed in certain places. Some species are thought to be hallucinogenic plants like related Aizoaceae and as such may be subject to legal restrictions (e.g. Louisiana State Act 159).

Name

Jacob Breyne coined the name of the flower in 1684, using the spelling Mesembrianthemum, from the Greek roots μεσημβρία, meaning "noon", and ἄνθεμον, meaning "flower", because the species known at his time flowered at midday. In 1719, on the discovery that some species flowered at night, Johann Jacob Dillenius changed the spelling to "Mesembryanthemum", rederiving the first part of the word from Greek μεσος ("middle") and ἔμβρυον ("rudimentary fruit" or "embryo").

Selected species

• Mesembryanthemum cordifolium
• Mesembryanthemum crystallinum
• Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum
• Mesembryanthemum salmii

See also

• N. E. Brown
• The botanical family Aizoaceae, also called Mesembryanthemaceae

Notes and references

• Pink, A. (2004). Gardening for the Million. Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. 
• Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary (1913)

External links

• Fig marigold

English Journal

• Identification of Ice Plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.) MicroRNAs Using RNA-Seq and Their Putative Roles in High Salinity Responses in Seedlings.

• Chiang CP1, Yim WC2, Sun YH3, Ohnishi M4, Mimura T4, Cushman JC2, Yen HE1.
• Frontiers in plant science.Front Plant Sci.2016 Aug 9;7:1143. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01143. eCollection 2016.
• The halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum (common or crystalline ice plant) is a useful model for studying molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance. The morphology, physiology, metabolism, and gene expression of ice plant have been studied and large-scale analyses of gene expression profiling have d
• PMID 27555850

• Effects of exogenously applied hydrogen peroxide on antioxidant and osmoprotectant profiles and the C3-CAM shift in the halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum L.

• Surówka E1, Dziurka M2, Kocurek M3, Goraj S4, Rapacz M5, Miszalski Z6.
• Journal of plant physiology.J Plant Physiol.2016 Aug 1;200:102-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2016.05.021. Epub 2016 Jun 15.
• Exogenously applied H2O2 (50, 100 and 200mM) to Mesembryanthemum crystallinum root medium induced a transition from C3 to Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM), as evaluated by diurnal malate (Δmal) fluctuations. A very high concentration of H2O2 (400mM) reduced Δmal below the value measured in contr
• PMID 27368070

• Photosynthesis-related characteristics of the midrib and the interveinal lamina in leaves of the C3-CAM intermediate plant Mesembryanthemum crystallinum.

• Kuźniak E1, Kornas A2, Kaźmierczak A3, Rozpądek P4, Nosek M2, Kocurek M5, Zellnig G6, Müller M6, Miszalski Z7.
• Annals of botany.Ann Bot.2016 Jun;117(7):1141-51. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcw049. Epub 2016 Apr 18.
• BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Leaf veins are usually encircled by specialized bundle sheath cells. In C4 plants, they play an important role in CO2 assimilation, and the photosynthetic activity is compartmentalized between the mesophyll and the bundle sheath. In C3 and CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism) plan
• PMID 27091507

Japanese Journal

• Ice Plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum) Extract Promotes Lipolysis in Mouse 3T3-L1 Adipocytes Through Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Activation

• Journal of medicinal food 19(3), 274-280, 2016-03
• NAID 120005764033

• Inositols affect the mating circadian rhythm of Drosophila melanogaster

• Frontiers in Pharmacology 6, 111, 2015-06
• NAID 120005682613

• 塩分を含む土壌で栽培できるアイスプラントの教材化

• 教育復興支援センター紀要 = Bulletin of Support Center for Revival in Education, Miyagi University of Education 3, 117-122, 2015
• NAID 120005557119

Related Links

• Mesembryanthemum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Mesembryanthemum (meaning "midday flowering") is a genus of flowering plants native to southern Africa. Many species formerly placed herein, such as Dorotheanthus bellidiformis, Carpobrotus and Sceletium have since been moved into ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「メセンブリアンテマム属」「ice plant」
拡張検索	「Mesembryanthemum属」「Mesembryanthemum crystallinum」

「メセンブリアンテマム属」

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ラ

Mesembryanthemum

関

アイスプラント、Mesembryanthemum属

「ice plant」

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[[]]

関

Mesembryanthemum、Mesembryanthemum crystallinum

「Mesembryanthemum属」

　　[★]

ラ

Mesembryanthemum

関

メセンブリアンテマム属

「Mesembryanthemum crystallinum」

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アイスプラント

関

ice plant