メルケル細胞
WordNet
- small room in which a monk or nun lives (同)cubicle
- a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction (同)electric cell
- a room where a prisoner is kept (同)jail cell, prison cell
- (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
- any small compartment; "the cells of a honeycomb"
- a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement (同)cadre
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (刑務所の)『独房』;(修道院の)小さい独居室 / (ミツバチの)みつ房,巣穴 / 小さい部屋 / 『細胞』 / 電池 / 花粉室 / (共産党などの)細胞
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2018/04/08 18:55:03」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Merkel cell |
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Merkel cells (shown in blue) are located in the basal epidermal layer of the skin.
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| Details |
| Location |
Skin of vertebrates |
| Function |
Light touch sensation |
| Identifiers |
| NeuroLex ID |
nifext_87 |
| Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy
[edit on Wikidata]
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Merkel cells, also known as Merkel-Ranvier cells or tactile epithelial cells, are oval-shaped mechanoreceptors essential for light touch sensation and found in the skin of vertebrates. They are abundant in highly sensitive skin like that of the fingertips in humans, and make synaptic contacts with somatosensory afferent nerve fibers.[1] Although uncommon, these cells may become malignant and form a Merkel cell carcinoma—an aggressive and difficult to treat skin cancer.[2]
Though it has been reported that Merkel cells are derived from neural crest cells,[3] more recent experiments in mammals have indicated that they are in fact epithelial in origin.[4]
Contents
- 1 Structure
- 2 Function
- 3 See also
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Structure
Merkel cells are found in the skin and some parts of the mucosa of all vertebrates. In mammalian skin, they are clear cells found in the stratum basale (at the bottom of sweat duct ridges) of the epidermis approximately 10 µm in diameter. They also occur in epidermal invaginations of the plantar foot surface called rete ridges.[5] Most often, they are associated with sensory nerve endings, when they are known as Merkel nerve endings (also called a Merkel cell-neurite complex). They are associated with slowly adapting (SA1) somatosensory nerve fibers.
Developmental
The origin of Merkel cells has been debated for over 20 years. Evidence from skin graft experiments in birds implies that they are neural crest derived, but experiments in mammals now demonstrate an epidermal origin.[6][7]
Function
The German anatomist Friedrich Sigmund Merkel referred to these cells as Tastzellen or "touch cells" but this proposed function has been controversial as it has been hard to prove. Though, genetic knockout mice have recently shown that Merkel cells are essential for the specialized coding by which afferent nerves resolve fine spatial details.[8] Merkel cells are sometimes considered APUD cells (an older definition. More commonly classified as a part of dispersed neuroendocrine system) because they contain dense core granules, and thus may also have a neuroendocrine function.
See also
- Merkel nerve ending
- Merkel cell carcinoma
- List of keratins expressed in the human integumentary system
- List of human cell types derived from the germ layers
References
- ^ Mescher, Anthony L (2016). Junqueira's Basic Histology. McGraw-Hill Education. ISBN 978-0-07-184270-9.
- ^ Munde, Prashant (17 Jan 2014). "Pathophysiology of merkel cell". Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 17 (3): 408–412. doi:10.4103/0973-029x.125208.
- ^ K. I. Baumann; Zdenek Halata; I. Moll (2003). The Merkel cell: structure-development-function- cancerogenesis. Springer. pp. 99–. ISBN 978-3-540-00374-8. Retrieved 2 May 2010.
- ^ Morrison, Kristin; George R. Miesegaes; Ellen A. Lumpkin; Stephen M. Maricich (2009). "Mammalian Merkel cells are descended from the epidermal lineage". Developmental Biology. 336: 76–83. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.09.032. PMC 2783667 . PMID 19782676.
- ^ Halata, Z; Grim, M; Bauman, KI (2003). "Friedrich Sigmund Merkel and his "Merkel cell", morphology, development, and physiology: review and new results". The Anatomical Record Part A: Discoveries in Molecular, Cellular, and Evolutionary Biology. 271: 225–39. doi:10.1002/ar.a.10029. PMID 12552639.
- ^ Morrison KM; Miesegaes GR; Lumpkin EA; Maricich SM. (September 25, 2009). "Mammalian Merkel cells are descended from the epidermal lineage". Dev Biol. 336 (1): 76–83. doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.09.032. PMC 2783667 . PMID 19782676.
- ^ Van Keymeulen A; Mascre G; Youseff KK; Harel I; Michaux C; De Geest N; Szpalski C; Achouri Y; Bloch W; Hassan BA; Blanpain C. (2009). "Epidermal progenitors give rise to Merkel cells during embryonic development and adult homeostasis". J Cell Biol. 187: 91–100. doi:10.1083/jcb.200907080. PMC 2762088 . PMID 19786578.
- ^ Maricich SM; Wellnitz SA; Nelson AM; Lesniak DR; Gerling GJ; Lumpkin EA; Zoghbi HY (2009). "Merkel Cells are Essential for Light Touch Responses". Science. 324 (5934): 1580–82. doi:10.1126/science.1172890. PMC 2743005 . PMID 19541997.
External links
- MeSH A08.800.550.700.500.425
- NIF Search - Merckel Disc Cell via the Neuroscience Information Framework
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Sensory receptors
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| Touch |
- Mechanoreceptor
- Vibration
- Light touch
- Pressure
- Stretch
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| Pain |
- Free nerve ending
- Nociceptors
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| Temperature |
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| Proprioception |
- Golgi organ
- Muscle spindle
- Intrafusal muscle fiber
- Nuclear chain fiber
- Nuclear bag fiber
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| Other |
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The sensory system
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| Special senses |
- Sight
- Hearing
- Smell
- Taste (Gustatory system)
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| Touch and position |
- Pain
- Temperature
- Sense of balance
- Mechanoreception
- Proprioception
- Sense of body parts and movement
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| Other |
- Sensory receptor
- Multisensory integration
- Sensory processing
- Chemoreception
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- High diversity of human polyomaviruses in environmental and clinical samples in Argentina: Detection of JC, BK, Merkel-cell, Malawi, and human 6 and 7 polyomaviruses.
- Torres C1, Barrios ME2, Cammarata RV3, Cisterna DM4, Estrada T5, Martini Novas S5, Cahn P5, Blanco Fernández MD3, Mbayed VA3.
- The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2016 Jan 15;542(Pt A):192-202. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.047. Epub 2015 Oct 29.
- New human polyomaviruses have been recently described. The aim of this work was to detect and characterize human polyomaviruses circulating in Argentina by recovering viruses from environmental and sewage samples and evaluating their potential role as viral indicators of human waste contamination. A
- PMID 26519580
- Epigenetic Dysregulation in Virus-Associated Neoplasms.
- Minarovits J1, Demcsák A1, Banati F2, Niller HH3.
- Advances in experimental medicine and biology.Adv Exp Med Biol.2016;879:71-90. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-24738-0_4.
- The oncoproteins of human tumor viruses regularly interact with the cellular epigenetic machinery. Such interactions alter the epigenome of the host cell and reprogram its gene expression pattern. Altered levels or redistribution of (cytosine-5)-DNA methyltransferases and changes in the cellular met
- PMID 26659264
Japanese Journal
- Potential Activity of Amrubicin as a Salvage Therapy for Merkel Cell Carcinoma
Related Links
- We are physicians and researchers who work on Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC), a rare and aggressive skin cancer. If you, your patient, or a loved one has recently been diagnosed with MCC, we hope you will find this website a great ...
- MCC also known as neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin, is rare, with around 1800 new cases per year in the US. MCC is usually a cancer of mature adults, many with a history of significant sun exposure. It has recently been ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- Merkel cell, Merkel's cell
- 同
- 触覚細胞 tactile cell、Merkel細胞
[★]
細胞