Golgi cell

WordNet

1. small room in which a monk or nun lives (同)cubicle
2. a device that delivers an electric current as the result of a chemical reaction (同)electric cell
3. a room where a prisoner is kept (同)jail cell, prison cell
4. (biology) the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms; they may exist as independent units of life (as in monads) or may form colonies or tissues as in higher plants and animals
5. any small compartment; "the cells of a honeycomb"
6. a small unit serving as part of or as the nucleus of a larger political movement (同)cadre
7. Italian histologist noted for work on the structure of the nervous system and for his discovery of Golgi bodies (1844-1926) (同)Camillo Golgi

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (刑務所の)『独房』;(修道院の)小さい独居室 / (ミツバチの)みつ房,巣穴 / 小さい部屋 / 『細胞』 / 電池 / 花粉室 / (共産党などの)細胞

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/10/02 16:57:36」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Neuron: Golgi cell
Microcircuitry of the cerebellum. Excitatory synapses are denoted by (+) and inhibitory synapses by (-). MF: Mossy fiber. DCN: Deep cerebellar nuclei. IO: Inferior olive. CF: Climbing fiber. GC: Granule cell. PF: Parallel fiber. PC: Purkinje cell. GgC: Golgi cell. SC: Stellate cell. BC: Basket cell.
NeuroLex ID	nifext_129
Dorlands/Elsevier	12223524

In neuroscience, Golgi cells are inhibitory interneurons found within the granular layer of the cerebellum. They were first identified as inhibitory by Eccles et al. in 1964. It was also the first example of an inhibitory feed back network, where the inhibitory interneuron was identified anatomically. These cells synapse onto the dendrite of granule cells and unipolar brush cells. They receive excitatory input from mossy fibres, also synapsing on granule cells, and parallel fibers, which are long granule cell axons. Thereby this circuitry allows for feed-forward and feed-back inhibition of granule cells.

The main synapse made by these cells is a synapse onto the mossy fibre - granule cell excitatory synapse in a glomerulus. The glomerulus is made up of the mossy fibre terminal, granule cell dendrites, the Golgi terminal and is enclosed by a glial coat. The Golgi cell acts by altering the mossy fibre - granule cell synapse.

The Golgi cells use GABA as their transmitter. The basal level of GABA produces a postsynaptic leak conductance by tonically activating alpha 6-containing GABA-A receptors on the granule cell. These high-affinity receptors are located both synaptically and extrasynaptically on the granule cell. The synaptic receptors mediate phasic contraction, duration of around 20-30ms whereas the extrasynapatic receptors mediate tonic inhibition of around 200ms, and are activated by synapse spill over.

Additionally the GABA acts on GABA-B receptors which are located presynaptically on the mossy fibre terminal. These inhibit the mossy fibre evoked EPSCs of the granule cell in a temperature and frequency dependent manner. At high mossy firing frequency (10 Hz) there is no effect of GABA acting on presynaptic GABA-B receptors on evoked EPSCs. However, at low (1 Hz) firing the GABA does have an effect on the EPSCs mediated via these presynaptic GABA-B receptors.

References

External links

• NIF Search - Golgi Cell via the Neuroscience Information Framework

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. ALK陽性未分化大細胞型リンパ腫の臨床症状、病理学的特徴、および診断 clinical manifestations pathologic features and diagnosis of anaplastic large cell lymphoma alk positive
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• 4. 末梢性T細胞性リンパ腫分類不能型の臨床症状、病理学的特徴、および診断 clinical manifestations pathologic features and diagnosis of peripheral t cell lymphoma not otherwise specified
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English Journal

• The differential palmitoylation States of N-ras and h-ras determine their distinct Golgi subcompartment localizations.

• Lynch SJ1, Snitkin H, Gumper I, Philips MR, Sabatini D, Pellicer A.
• Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2015 Mar;230(3):610-9. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24779.
• Despite a high degree of structural homology and shared exchange factors, effectors and GTPase activating proteins, a large body of evidence suggests functional heterogeneity among Ras isoforms. One aspect of Ras biology that may explain this heterogeneity is the differential subcellular localizatio
• PMID 25158650

• N-glycosylation and plant cell growth.

• Veit C1, Vavra U, Strasser R.
• Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.).Methods Mol Biol.2015;1242:183-94. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1902-4_16.
• N-linked glycosylation is one of the most prevalent cotranslational protein modifications in plants. It is initiated by a conserved process in the endoplasmic reticulum and subsequently involves a series of different N-glycan maturation steps that take place in the ER and Golgi apparatus. Despite ou
• PMID 25408454

• Identification and verification of proteins interacting with the kappa opioid receptor (KOPR).

• Chen C1, Huang P, Liu-Chen LY.
• Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.).Methods Mol Biol.2015;1230:129-40. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1708-2_10.
• Proteins that interact with the human kappa opioid receptor (hKOPR) may contribute to regulation and signaling of the receptor. In this paper, we focus on the protein 14-3-3zeta that regulates anterograde transport of the hKOPR from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi apparatus. 14-3-3zeta i
• PMID 25293321

Japanese Journal

• INTRA-GOLGI CONNEXIN26 BEHAVES IN A PRO-ONCOGENIC MANNER IN HEAD AND NECK CANCER CELLS

• 秋田医学 42(2), 87-94, 2015-11-30
• NAID 120005678457

• KDEL receptor 1 regulates T-cell homeostasis via PP1 that is a key phosphatase for ISR

• Nature communications 6, 7474, 2015-06
• NAID 120005647268

• Analyses of chicken sialyltransferases related to N-glycosylation(GENETICS, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, AND GENE ENGINEERING)

• Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 119(6), 623-628, 2015-06
• NAID 110009970748

Related Links

• Golgi cell - Biology-Online Dictionary

Home » Golgi cell Definition noun, plural: Golgi cells Any of the interneurons located in the granular layer of the cerebellum. Supplement The Golgi cells are the largest type of stellate neurons. They synapse onto the soma of " | | | ...

• Biology4Kids.com: Cell Structure: Golgi Apparatus

Golgi Apparatus - Packing Things Up The Golgi apparatus or Golgi complex is found in most cells. It is another packaging organelle like the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It was named after Camillo Golgi, an Italian biologist. It is ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ゴルジ細胞」
関連記事	「cell」

「ゴルジ細胞」

　　[★]

英

()

英

Golgi cell

独

Golgi-Zellen

仏

cellule de Golgi

同

大星状神経細胞neuronum stellatum magnum

「cell」

　　[★] 細胞