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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/05/30 02:48:19」(JST)

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Doxapram hydrochloride (marketed as Dopram, Stimulex or Respiram) is a respiratory stimulant. Administered intravenously, doxapram stimulates an increase in tidal volume, and respiratory rate.

Mechanism of action

A vial of doxapram

Doxapram stimulates chemoreceptors in the carotid bodies of the carotid arteries, which in turn, stimulates the respiratory centre in the brain stem.

Appearance

Doxapram is a white to off-white, odorless, crystalline powder that is stable in light and air. It is soluble in water, sparingly soluble in alcohol and practically insoluble in ether. Injectable products have a pH from 3.5-5. Benzyl alcohol or chlorobutanol is added as a preservative agent in the commercially available injections.

Uses

Doxapram is used in intensive care settings to stimulate the respiratory rate in patients with respiratory failure. It may be useful for treating respiratory depression in patients who have taken excessive doses of drugs such as buprenorphine which may fail to respond adequately to treatment with naloxone.^[1]

It is equally effective as pethidine in suppressing shivering after surgery.^[2]

Side effects

Side effects include high blood pressure, panic attacks, rapid heart rate, tremor, sweating and vomiting. Convulsions have been reported. Its use is relatively contraindicated in people with coronary heart disease, epilepsy, and high blood pressure. It is also contraindicated in newborns and small children, mainly due to the presence of benzyl alcohol, which is included as a preservative.

References

^ Buprenorphine Drug Data Sheet
^ Singh, P; Dimitriou, V; Mahajan, RP; Crossley, AW (1993). "Double-blind comparison between doxapram and pethidine in the treatment of postanaesthetic shivering". British journal of anaesthesia 71 (5): 685–8. doi:10.1093/bja/71.5.685. PMID 8251281.

UpToDate Contents

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1. Strategies to reduce postoperative pulmonary complications in adults
2. 早産児における無呼吸のマネージメント management of apnea of prematurity

English Journal

Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography shows that doxapram influences the brain activity of preterm infants.

Czaba-Hnizdo C1, Olischar M, Rona Z, Weninger M, Berger A, Klebermass-Schrehof K.
Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992).Acta Paediatr.2014 May 11. doi: 10.1111/apa.12681. [Epub ahead of print]
AIM: The aim of this study was to measure the brain activity of preterm infants treated with caffeine citrate and doxapram for preterm apnoea, using amplitude-integrated electroencephalography (aEEG), to identify any adverse effects on cerebral function.METHODS: We analysed the aEEG tracings of 13 p
PMID 24813556

The effects of doxapram on medullary respiratory neurones in brainstem-spinal cord preparations from newborn rats.

Osaka Y1, Onimaru H, Kotani S, Kashiwagi M, Morisaki H, Takeda J.
Anaesthesia.Anaesthesia.2014 May;69(5):468-75. doi: 10.1111/anae.12590. Epub 2014 Mar 7.
Doxapram is the only dedicated respiratory stimulant used to aid recovery of breathing after major surgery. Doxapram acts on peripheral chemoreceptors and although the central action of doxapram has been suggested, its detailed neuronal mechanism is unknown. We assessed doxapram-induced changes in s
PMID 24601902

Doxapram hydrochloride aggravates adrenaline-induced arrhythmias accompanied by bidirectional ventricular tachycardia.

Oikawa S1, Nomura H2, Nishio M1, Nagata R1, Hata T1.
ISRN cardiology.ISRN Cardiol.2014 Jan 9;2014:212045. doi: 10.1155/2014/212045. eCollection 2014.
Objectives. Doxapram hydrochloride is a respiratory stimulant that has an inhibitory effect on myocardial IK1 potassium channels and is thought to increase membrane instability and excitability in myocardial cells. We examined the arrhythmogenic effects of doxapram hydrochloride in a rat model of ha
PMID 24527224

Japanese Journal

ドプラム注射薬の配合変化試験に関する研究

村瀬勢津子,落合かおり,青木路恵,朝長文弥
病院薬学 13(4), 244-260, 1987-08-20
… Compatibility test on Dopram^<[○!R]> …
NAID 110001798481

ドプラム注射薬の配合変化試験に関する研究

村瀬勢津子,落合かおり,青木路恵,朝長文弥
病院薬学 13(4), 244-260, 1987
… Compatibility test on Dopram <SUP>®</SUP> …
NAID 130004299018

酸素吸入下の呼吸不全患者に対する呼吸刺激剤Dopram(doxapram hydrochloride)の薬効検定

村尾誠 [他]
日本胸部臨床 36(12), p940-954, 1977-12
NAID 40002867793

Related Pictures

Dopram-V injection 20 ml - Grovet.com Dopram - patient information, description, dosage and directions. Dopram intravenous : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings & Dosing - WebMD DOPRAM V DROPS 5ML - LAMBING - Sheep Pfizer Dopram-V 5ml - Pfizer from Vet Medic UK Get Dopram Injection 20mL for Puppies, Kittens, Cats, Dogs and Horses

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元

「ドキサプラム」

Doxapram
Systematic (IUPAC) name
	1-ethyl-4- (2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)- 3,3-diphenyl-pyrrolidin-2-one
Clinical data
Legal status	℞ (Prescription only);
Routes of; administration	Intravenous
Identifiers
CAS Registry Number	309-29-5
ATC code	R07AB01
PubChem	CID 3156
DrugBank	DB00561
ChemSpider	3044
UNII	94F3830Q73
KEGG	D07873
ChEBI	CHEBI:681848
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1754
Chemical data
Formula	C24H30N2O2
Molecular mass	378.507 g/mol
	SMILES O=C4N(CC)CC(CCN1CCOCC1)C4(c2ccccc2)c3ccccc3;
	InChI InChI=1S/C24H30N2O2/c1-2-26-19-22(13-14-25-15-17-28-18-16-25)24(23(26)27,20-9-5-3-6-10-20)21-11-7-4-8-12-21/h3-12,22H,2,13-19H2,1H3 ; Key:XFDJYSQDBULQSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ;
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　　[★]

英: doxapram
化: 塩酸ドキサプラム doxapram hydrochloride
商: ドプラム Dopram

中枢神経興奮薬

呼吸促進薬

作用機序

末梢性化学受容器の刺激→呼吸中枢の刺激

薬理作用

呼吸量↑

[1] Buprenorphine Drug Data Sheet

[2] Singh, P; Dimitriou, V; Mahajan, RP; Crossley, AW (1993). "Double-blind comparison between doxapram and pethidine in the treatment of postanaesthetic shivering". British journal of anaesthesia 71 (5): 685–8. doi:10.1093/bja/71.5.685. PMID 8251281.

匿名

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案内

案内

Dopram