関: carrot、ginseng

WordNet

Chinese herb with palmately compound leaves and small greenish flowers and forked aromatic roots believed to have medicinal powers (同)nin-sin, Panax_ginseng, Panax schinseng, Panax pseudoginseng
aromatic root of ginseng plants
perennial plant widely cultivated as an annual in many varieties for its long conical orange edible roots; temperate and tropical regions (同)cultivated carrot, Daucus carota sativa
deep orange edible root of the cultivated carrot plant
promise of reward as in "carrot and stick"; "used the carrot of subsidized housing for the workers to get their vote";
orange root; important source of carotene
carrot (同)genus Daucus

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朝鮮ニンジン / 朝鮮ニンジンの根;その根から作った薬
『ニンジン』 / ニンジンの根

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/12/11 07:51:28」(JST)

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"Wild Carrot" redirects here. For the music group, see Wild Carrot (music group).

Daucus carota (common names include wild carrot, (UK) bird's nest, bishop's lace, and Queen Anne's lace (North America)) is a flowering plant in the family Apiaceae, native to temperate regions of Europe, southwest Asia and naturalised to North America and Australia; domesticated carrots are cultivars of a subspecies, Daucus carota subsp. sativus.

Daucus carota is a variable biennial plant, usually growing up to 1 m tall and flowering from June to August. The umbels are claret-coloured or pale pink before they open, then bright white and rounded when in full flower, measuring 3–7 cm wide with a festoon of bracts beneath; finally, as they turn to seed, they contract and become concave like a bird's nest. The dried umbels detach from the plant, becoming tumbleweeds.^[1]

Similar in appearance to the deadly poison hemlock, Daucus carota is distinguished by a mix of bi-pinnate and tri-pinnate leaves, fine hairs on its stems and leaves, a root that smells like carrots, and occasionally a single dark red flower in its center.

See carrot for the modern cultivated forms of the species.

Uses

Like the cultivated carrot, the wild carrot root is edible while young, but quickly becomes too woody to consume. The crushed seeds were once thought to be a form of birth control and its use for this purpose was first described by Hippocrates over 2,000 years ago.^{[citation needed]} Research conducted on mice has offered a degree of confirmation for this use—wild carrot was found to disrupt the ovum implantation process, which reinforces its reputation as a contraceptive.^{[original research?]}^[2] Chinese studies have also indicated the seeds block progesterone synthesis, which could explain this effect.^{[citation needed]}

As with all herbal remedies and wild food gathering, extra caution should be used, especially since the wild carrot bears close resemblance to a dangerous species, poison hemlock. The leaves of the wild carrot can cause phytophotodermatitis, so caution should also be used when handling the plant.

If used as a dyestuff, the flowers give a creamy, off-white color.

The wild carrot, when freshly cut, will draw or change color depending on the color of the water in which it is held. Note that this effect is only visible on the "head" or flower of the plant. Carnations also exhibit this effect. This occurrence is a popular science demonstration in primary grade school.

Beneficial weed

This beneficial weed can be used as a companion plant to crops. Like most members of the umbellifer family, it attracts wasps to its small flowers in its native land; however, where it has been introduced, it attracts only very few of such wasps . This species is also documented to boost tomato plant production when kept nearby, and it can provide a microclimate of cooler, moister air for lettuce, when intercropped with it.^{[citation needed]}

Queen Anne's lace

Wild carrot was introduced and naturalised in North America, where it is often known as "Queen Anne's lace". Both Anne, Queen of Great Britain, and her great grandmother Anne of Denmark are taken to be the Queen Anne for which the plant is named.^[3]^[4] It is so called because the flower resembles lace; the red flower in the center is thought to represent a blood droplet where Queen Anne pricked herself with a needle when she was making the lace. The function of the tiny red flower, coloured by anthocyanin, is to attract insects.

The USDA has listed it as a noxious weed,^[5] and it is considered a serious pest in pastures. It persists in the soil seed bank for two to five years.^[6]

Wild carrot in flower
Wild carrot plant
A young Queen Anne's Lace with red flower in center
Queen Anne's lace in southern Maine
Queen Anne's lace on Prince Edward Island
Queen Anne's lace in Michigan
Dried seed pod near Cincinnati, OH

References

^ Herbert Waldron Faulkner (1917). The Mysteries of the Flowers. Frederick A. Stokes company. pp. 238. page 210
^ Chaudhury R (1993). "The quest for a herbal contraceptive.". Natl Med J India 6 (5): 199–201. PMID 8241931.
^ "Queen Ann's Lace". http://lace.lacefairy.com/Lace/Fun/QueenAnnsLace.html. Retrieved November 10, 2012.
^ Dean M. Chriss (2007). "Queen Anne's Lace, A Short Photographic Study". Dean M. Chriss photography. http://www.dmcphoto.com/QueenAnnesLace.html. Retrieved November 10, 2012.
^ "USDA PLANTS". PLANTS Profile for Daucus carota (Queen Anne's lace. Retrieved June 11, 2007.
^ Clark, D. L.; Wilson, M. V. (2003). "Post-dispersal seed fates of four prairie species". American Journal of Botany 90 (5): 730. doi:10.3732/ajb.90.5.730. http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/content/full/90/5/730.

Blanchan, Neltje (2005). Wild Flowers Worth Knowing. Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation.
Clapham, A. R., Tutin, T. G., and Warburg, E. F., 1962, Flora of the British Isles Cambridge University Press
Mabey, Richard, 1997, Flora Britannica London: Chatto and Windus
Rose, Francis, 2006, The Wild Flower Key (edition revised and expanded by Clare O'Reilly) London: Frederick Warne ISBN 0-7232-5175-4

External links

Connecticut Botanical Society
wikiHow.com

English Journal

Cyanidin and malvidin in aqueous extracts of black carrots fermented with Aspergillus oryzae prevent the impairment of energy, lipid and glucose metabolism in estrogen-deficient rats by AMPK activation.

Park S1, Kang S, Jeong DY, Jeong SY, Park JJ, Yun HS.
Genes & nutrition.Genes Nutr.2015 Mar;10(2):455. doi: 10.1007/s12263-015-0455-5. Epub 2015 Feb 21.
Black carrots (Daucus carota L.) are rich in anthocyanins which contribute many health benefits, but are limited by bioavailability and instability when exposed to oxygen, heat and light. Fermenting black carrots may improve the stability, absorption and bioactivity of its anthocyanins. Here, we exa
PMID 25701199

Carrot cells: a pioneering platform for biopharmaceuticals production.

Rosales-Mendoza S1, Tello-Olea MA.
Molecular biotechnology.Mol Biotechnol.2015 Mar;57(3):219-32. doi: 10.1007/s12033-014-9837-y.
Carrot (Daucus carota L.) is of importance in the molecular farming field as it constitutes the first plant species approved to produce biopharmaceuticals for human use. In this review, features that make carrot an advantageous species in the molecular farming field are analyzed and a description of
PMID 25572939

Cross-talk between signaling pathways: The link between plant secondary metabolite production and wounding stress response.

Jacobo-Velázquez DA1, González-Agüero M2, Cisneros-Zevallos L1.
Scientific reports.Sci Rep.2015 Feb 25;5:8608. doi: 10.1038/srep08608.
Plants subjected to wounding stress produce secondary metabolites. Several of these metabolites prevent chronic diseases and can be used as colorants, flavors, and as antimicrobials. This wound-induced production of plant secondary metabolites is mediated by signaling-molecules such as reactive oxyg
PMID 25712739

Japanese Journal

Multiple Exocytotic Markers Accumulate at the Sites of Perifungal Membrane Biogenesis in Arbuscular Mycorrhizas

GENRE A.,IVANOV S.,FENDRYCH M.,FACCIO A.,ZARSKY V.,BISSELING T.,BONFANTE P.
Plant and cell physiology 53(1), 244-255, 2012-01-01
NAID 10030307993

線形混合モデルによる野菜のカドミウム吸収における品目間差異の推定

戸上和樹,吉住佳与,工藤一晃,青木和彦,三浦憲蔵
日本土壌肥料學雜誌 82(3), 191-199, 2011-06-05
エダマメ,チンゲンサイ,レタス,ニンジン,キャベツ,ハクサイ,ブロッコリーにおける可食部Cd濃度の品目間差異とCd吸収特性を調べるため,Cd濃度が異なる9〜11点の土壌を用い,目標pHを2〜3段階にしてポット栽培試験を行った.可食部Cd濃度は,土壌pHに影響されるため,0.1molL^<-1>塩酸浸出Cd濃度と栽培後の土壌pHを説明変数,可食部Cd濃度の対数を目的,変数各供試土壌をラン …
NAID 110009327781

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「carrot」「ノラニンジン」
関連記事	「Daucus」

「carrot」

Wild Carrot
	The umbel of a wild carrot
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Asterids
Order:	Apiales
Family:	Apiaceae
Genus:	Daucus
Species:	D. carota
Binomial name
	Daucus carota; L.