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large genus of annual or perennial herbs or shrubs of north temperate regions; largest genus in the family Leguminosae (同)genus Astragalus

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/07/28 18:17:42」(JST)

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Astragalus propinquus (syn. Astragalus membranaceus^[2] also known as huáng qí (Chinese: 黄芪), běi qí (Chinese: 北芪) or huáng huā huáng qí (Chinese: 黄花黄耆),^[3] is a flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is one of the 50 fundamental herbs used in traditional Chinese medicine.^[4] It is a perennial plant and it is not listed as being threatened.^[1]

Use

Herbalism

A. propinquus is used in traditional Chinese medicine for healing and for diabetes.^[5]

Related species

The natural gum tragacanth, which is used in pharmaceuticals and textiles, is obtained from Astragalus tragacanthus.^[6]

Medical

A. propinquus is an active component in Lectranal, a food supplement used in treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis.^[7]^[8]

Chemistry

An extract of A. propinquus called TA-65 can activate telomerase, extending the lengths of the shortest telomeres which protect the terminal DNA at the ends of all chromosomes.^[9] It contains the saponin cycloastragenol. Constituents of the roots (Radix Astragali) include polysaccharides, triterpenoids (astragalosides)^[10] as well as isoflavones (including kumatakenin, calycosin and formononetin) along with their glycosides and malonates.^[11]

Toxicology

Other Astragalus spp. are known to cause severe poisonings in livestock due to indolizine alkaloids, aliphatic nitro compounds and accumulated selenium.^[12] None of these constituents have been detected in the medicinal species Astragalus membranaceus used in dietary supplements and TCM preparations.^[13]^{[contradictory]}

Compendial status

A. propinquus is listed in the following official Pharmacopeia:

Japanese Pharmacopoeia^[14]

Notes and references

^ ^a ^b ^c "Astragalus propinquus Schischkin". LegumeWeb. International Legume Database & Information Service. 2005-11-01. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
^ http://www.ildis.org/LegumeWeb?version~10.01&LegumeWeb&tno~16104&genus~Astragalus&species~membranaceus
^ Joe Hing Kwok Chu. "Huang qi". Complementary and Alternative Healing University. Retrieved 2012-02-27.
^ "Astragalus membranaceus - Moench.". Plants for a Future.
^ Block, Keith I.; Mead, Mark N. (1 September 2003). "Immune System Effects of Echinacea, Ginseng, and Astragalus: A Review". Integrative Cancer Therapies 2 (3): 247–267. doi:10.1177/1534735403256419.
^ Gentry, H. S.; Mittleman, M.; McCrohan, P. R. (1990). "Introduction of Chia and Gum Tragacanth in the U.S.". Purdue University Crop Index. Purdue University. Retrieved 2012-02-26.
^ Matkovic Z, Zivkovic V, Korica M, Plavec D, Pecanic S, Tudoric N. (2010). "Efficacy and safety of Astragalus membranaceus in the treatment of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis".
^ Guo, Ruoling; Pittler, Max H.; Ernst, Edzard (December 2007). "Herbal medicines for the treatment of allergic rhinitis: a systematic review". Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology 99 (6): 483–495. doi:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60375-4. PMID 18219828.
^ Harley, C. B.; Liu, W.; Blasco, M.; Vera, E.; Andrews, W. H.; Briggs, L. A.; Raffaele, J. M. (2011). "A Natural Product Telomerase Activator As Part of a Health Maintenance Program". Rejuvenation Research 14 (1): 45–56. doi:10.1089/rej.2010.1085. PMC 3045570. PMID 20822369.
^ Xu, Q.; Ma, X.; Liang, X. (2007). "Determination of Astragalosides in the Roots of Astragalus spp. Using Liquid Chromatography Tandem Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry". Phytochemical Analysis 18 (5): 419–427. doi:10.1002/pca.997. PMID 17624885.
^ Lin, L. Z.; He, X. G.; Lindenmaier, M.; Nolan, G.; Yang, J.; Cleary, M.; Qiu, S. X.; Cordell, G. A. (2000). "Liquid Chromatography-Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Study of the Flavonoids of the Roots of Astragalus mongholicus and A. membranaceus". Journal of Chromatography A 876 (1–2): 87–95. doi:10.1016/S0021-9673(00)00149-7. PMID 10823504.
^ Rios, J. L.; Waterman, P. G. (1997). "A Review of the Pharmacology and Toxicology of Astragalus". Phytotherapy Research 11 (6): 411–418. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1573(199709)11:6<411::AID-PTR132>3.0.CO;2-6.
^ "Astragalus". WebMD.
^ Japanese Pharmacopoeia (PDF) (15th ed.).

External links

"Astragalus membranaceus - Moench.". Plants for a Future.
"Astragalus membranaceus (FISCH. EX LINK) BUNGE - Fabaceae". Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases. ARS / GRIN.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 癌に対する補完代替療法 complementary and alternative therapies for cancer

English Journal

Astragaloside II triggers T cell activation through regulation of CD45 protein tyrosine phosphatase activity.

Wan CP, Gao LX, Hou LF, Yang XQ, He PL, Yang YF, Tang W, Yue JM, Li J, Zuo JP.Source1] Laboratory of Immunology and Virology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China [2] Central Laboratory, No 1 Hospital Affiliated Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650021, China.
Acta pharmacologica Sinica.Acta Pharmacol Sin.2013 Apr;34(4):522-30. doi: 10.1038/aps.2012.208. Epub 2013 Mar 25.
Aim:To investigate the immunomodulating activity of astragalosides, the active compounds from a traditional tonic herb Astragalus membranaceus Bge, and to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions, focusing on CD45 protein tyrosine phosphatase (CD45 PTPase), which plays a critical role
PMID 23524573

Xiang-Qi-Tang and its active components exhibit anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant properties by inhibiting MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways in LPS-treated rat cardiac microvascular endothelial cells.

He CL, Yi PF, Fan QJ, Shen HQ, Jiang XL, Qin QQ, Song Z, Zhang C, Wu SC, Wei XB, Li YL, Fu BD.SourceDepartment of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University , Ya'an, Sichuan , PR China and.
Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology.Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol.2013 Apr;35(2):215-24. doi: 10.3109/08923973.2012.744034. Epub 2012 Nov 21.
Abstract Xiang-Qi-Tang (XQT) is a Chinese herbal formula containing Cyperus rotundus, Astragalus membranaceus and Andrographis paniculata. Alpha-Cyperone (CYP), astragaloside IV (AS-IV) and andrographolide (AND) are the three major active components in this formula. XQT may modulate the inflammatory
PMID 23171279

Japanese Journal

Study of the Relationship between Genetics and Geography in Determining the Quality of Astragali Radix

Liu Jing,Chen Hu-Biao,Guo Bao-Lin,Zhao Zhong-Zhen,Liang Zhi-Tao,Yi Tao
Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 34(9), 2011
… Astragali Radix (AR), prepared from the roots of Astragalus membranaceus (FISCH. … membranaceus (FISCH. … membranaceus var. …
NAID 130001872432

Xiang-Qi-Tang Increases Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli-Induced Survival Rate and Regulates Serum Levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, Interleukin-1 and Soluble Endothelial Protein C Receptor in Chicken

He Chang-Liang,Fu Ben-Dong,Shen Hai-Qing,Jiang Xiao-Lin,Zhang Chang-Shuai,Wu Shuai-Cheng,Zhu Wei,Wei Xu-Bin
Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 34(3), 2011
… Xiang-Qi-Tang (XQT) is a Chinese herbal formula containing Rhizoma Cyperi, Andrographis paniculata and Astragalus membranaceus. …
NAID 130000657816

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「キバナオウギ」「タイツリオウギ」
関連記事	「Astragalus」

「キバナオウギ」

Astragalus propinquus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Fabales
Family:	Fabaceae
Genus:	Astragalus
Species:	A. propinquus
Binomial name
	Astragalus propinquus; Schischkin
Synonyms
	"Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge; Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge var. mongholicus (Bunge)P.K.Hsiao; Astragalus propinquus Schischkin var. glabra Vydr.; Phaca membranacea Fisch.";