好気菌属、好気菌、アエロバクター、Aerobacter属
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- Enterobacter
WordNet
- aerobic bacteria widely distributed in nature (同)genus Aerobacter
- a species of Gram-negative aerobic bacteria that produce gas and acid from sugars and are sometimes involved in the souring of milk
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/04/27 02:22:00」(JST)
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| Enterobacter |
|
| Enterobacter cloacae on Tryptic Soy Broth agar. |
| Scientific classification |
| Kingdom: |
Bacteria |
| Phylum: |
Proteobacteria |
| Class: |
Gammaproteobacteria |
| Order: |
Enterobacteriales |
| Family: |
Enterobacteriaceae |
| Genus: |
Enterobacter
Hormaeche & Edwards 1960 |
| Species |
|
E. aerogenes
E. amnigenus
E. agglomerans
E. arachidis
E. asburiae
E. cancerogenous
E. cloacae
E. cowanii
E. dissolvens
E. gergoviae
E. helveticus
E. hormaechei
E. intermedius
E. kobei
E. ludwigii
E. mori
E. nimipressuralis
E. oryzae
E. pulveris
E. pyrinus
E. radicincitans
E. taylorae
E. turicensis
E. sakazakii Enterobacter soli
|
| Synonyms |
|
Cloaca Castellani & Chalmers, 1919
Aerobacter Hormaeche & Edwards, 1958
|
Enterobacter is a genus of common Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Several strains of these bacteria are pathogenic and cause opportunistic infections in immunocompromised (usually hospitalized) hosts and in those who are on mechanical ventilation. The urinary and respiratory tracts are the most common sites of infection. The genus Enterobacter is a member of the coliform group of bacteria. It does not belong to the fecal coliforms (or thermotolerant coliforms) group of bacteria, unlike Escherichia coli, because it is incapable of growth at 44.5 °C in the presence of bile salts. Some of them showed quorum sensing properties as reported before [1][2]
Two clinically important species from this genus are E. aerogenes and E. cloacae.
Contents
- 1 Biochemical characteristics
- 2 Treatment
- 3 Linked to obesity
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Biochemical characteristics
The genus Enterobacter ferments lactose with gas production during a 48-hour incubation at 35-37 °C in the presence of bile salts and detergents. It is oxidase-negative, indole-negative, and urease-variable.[2][3]
Treatment
- Note: Treatment is dependent on local trends of antibiotic resistance.
- Cefepime, a fourth-generation cephalosporin from the β-Lactam antibiotic class.
- Imipenem (carbapenems) is often the antibiotic of choice.
- Aminoglycosides such as amikacin have been found to be very effective, as well.[3]
- Quinolones can be an effective alternative.[3]
Linked to obesity
Main article: Endotoxin
A recent study has shown that the presence of Enterobacter cloacae B29 in the gut of a morbidly obese individual may have contributed to the patient’s obesity. Reduction of the bacterial load within the patient’s gut, from 35% E. cloacae B29 to non-detectable levels, was associated with a parallel reduction in endotoxin load in the patient and a concomitant, significant reduction in weight.[4] Furthermore, the same bacterial strain, isolated from the patient, induced obesity and insulin resistance in germfree C57BL/6J mice that were being fed a high-fat diet. The study concludes that E. cloacae B29 may contribute to obesity in its human hosts through an endotoxin-induced, inflammation-mediated mechanism.[4]
References
- ^ Tan, Wen-Si; Muhamad Yunos, Nina Yusrina; Tan, Pui-Wan; Mohamad, Nur Izzati; Adrian, Tan-Guan-Sheng; Yin, Wai-Fong; Chan, Kok-Gan (13 June 2014). "Freshwater-Borne Bacteria Isolated from a Malaysian Rainforest Waterfall Exhibiting Quorum Sensing Properties". Sensors. 14 (6): 10527–10537. doi:10.3390/s140610527.
- ^ a b Cabral, JPS (2010). "Water Microbiology. Bacterial Pathogens and Water.". Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 7 (10): 3657–3703. doi:10.3390/ijerph7103657. PMC 2996186. PMID 21139855.
- ^ a b c Russo Thomas A, Johnson James R, "Chapter 143. Diseases Caused by Gram-Negative Enteric Bacilli" (Chapter). Fauci AS, Braunwald E, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Longo DL, Jameson JL, Loscalzo J: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 17e: http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2894446.
- ^ a b "An opportunistic pathogen isolated from the gut of an obese human causes obesity in germfree mice". The ISME Journal. 7 (4): 880–4. December 13, 2012. doi:10.1038/ismej.2012.153. ISSN 1751-7362. PMC 3603399. PMID 23235292. Retrieved December 18, 2012.
External links
|
Wikispecies has information related to: Enterobacter |
- Enterobacter at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
English Journal
- Monitoring the microbial community during solid-state acetic acid fermentation of Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar.
- Xu W, Huang Z, Zhang X, Li Q, Lu Z, Shi J, Xu Z, Ma Y.SourceLaboratory of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China.
- Food microbiology.Food Microbiol.2011 Sep;28(6):1175-81. Epub 2011 Apr 15.
- Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar is one of the most famous Chinese traditional vinegars. In this study, change of the microbial community during its fermentation process was investigated. DGGE results showed that microbial community was comparatively stable, and the diversity has a disciplinary series of
- PMID 21645817
- Enzymatic transesterification of Jatropha curcas oil assisted by ultrasonication.
- Kumar G, Kumar D, Poonam, Johari R, Singh CP.SourceDepartment of Chemistry, Vardhman College Bijnor, Uttar Pradesh, India.
- Ultrasonics sonochemistry.Ultrason Sonochem.2011 Sep;18(5):923-7. Epub 2011 Mar 21.
- Ultrasonication used for the production of fatty acid methyl ester from non-edible vegetable oil using immobilized lipase (Chromobacterium viscosum) as a catalyst from Enterobacter aerogenes to make the process fully ecologically and environmental friendly. The optimal conditions for biodiesel produ
- PMID 21489849
Japanese Journal
- Possible Evidence of Contamination by Catechins in Deconjugation Enzymes from Helix pomatia and Abalone entrails
- Nakamura Toshiyuki,Tanaka Ryohei,Ashida Hitoshi
- Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 75(8), 1506-1510, 2011-08-23
- … On the other hand, the same molecular weights as catechins were undetectable in <I>Escherichia coli</I>-derived β-glucuronidase and <I>Aerobacter aerogenes</I>-derived sulfatase. …
- NAID 10029591444
- Synthesis of Novel Heterobranched β-Cyclodextrins from α-D-Mannosyl Maltotriose and β-Cyclodextrin by the Reverse Action of Pullulanase, and Isolation and Characterization of the Products
- Kitahata Sumio,Tanimoto Toshiko,Okada Yasuyo [他],IKUTA Akiko,TANAKA Keiko,MURAKAMI Hiromi,NAKANO Hirofumi,KOIZUMI Kyoko
- Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 64(11), 2406-2411, 2000-11-23
- … (Man-G3)-βCD and (Man-G3)_2-βCD were produced in about 20% and 4% yield, respectively when Aerobacter aerogenes pullulanase (160 units per 1 g of Man-G3) was incubated with the mixture of 1.6M Man-G3 and 0.16M βCD at 50℃ for 4 days. …
- NAID 110002679832
- Synthesis of Novel Heterobranched β-Cyclodextrins from 4^2-O-β-D-Galactosyl-Maltose and β-Cyclodextrin by the Reverse Action of Pullulanase, and Isolation and Characterization of the Products
- Kitahata Sumio,Tanimoto Toshiko,Ikuta Akiko [他],TANAKA Keiko,FUJITA Koki,HASHIMOTO Hitoshi,MURAKAMI Hiromi,NAKANO Hirofumi,KOIZUMI Kyoko
- Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry 64(6), 1223-1229, 2000-06-23
- … A mixture of (Gal-G2)_2-βCDs was produced in about 4% yield when Aerobacter aerogenes pullulanase (64 units per 1g of Gal-G2) was incubated with 1.6M Gal-G2 and 0.16M βCD at 50℃ for 4 days. …
- NAID 110002680074
Related Links
- Aerobacter definition, any of several short, rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacteria of the genus Aerobacter, free living in nature and also normally inhabiting the intestinal tracts of humans and other animals. See more.
- Thesaurus Antonyms Related Words Synonyms Legend: Switch to new thesaurus Noun 1. Aerobacter - aerobic bacteria widely distributed in nature genus Aerobacter bacteria genus - a genus of bacteria Aerobacter aerogenes - a ...
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