トランス活性化、トランスアクチベーション
- 関
- transactivate、transcription activation、transcriptional activation
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/05/16 21:46:12」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
In molecular biology and genetics, transactivation is increased rate of gene expression triggered either by biological processes or by artificial means, through expressing an intermediate (transactivator) protein.
Contents
- 1 Natural transactivation
- 2 Artificial transactivation
- 3 See also
- 4 External links
Natural transactivation
Transactivation can be triggered either by endogenous cellular or viral proteins, so-called transactivators. These protein factors act in trans (i.e., intermolecularly). HIV and HTLV are just two of the many viruses that encode transactivators to enhance their own gene expression. These transactivators can also be associated with cancer if they start interacting and increasing expression of a cellular proto-oncogene. HTLV for instance has been associated with causing leukemia primarily through this process. Its transactivator (named tax) can interact with p40, causing overexpression of interleukin 2, interleukin receptors, GM-CSF and the transcription factor c-Fos. HTLV infects T-cells and so, with increased expression of these stimulatory cytokines and transcription factors, leads to uncontrolled proliferation of T-cells and hence lymphoma.
Artificial transactivation
Artificial transactivation of a gene is achieved by inserting into the genome at the appropriate area a transactivator gene and special promoter regions of DNA. The transactivator gene expresses a transcription factor that binds to specific promoter region of DNA. By binding to the promoter region of a gene, the transcription factor causes that gene to be expressed. The expression of one transactivator gene can activate multiple genes, as long as they have the specific promoter region attached. Because the expression of the transactivator gene can be controlled, transactivation can be used to turn genes on and off. If this specific promoter region is also attached to a reporter gene, we can see when the transactivator is being expressed.
See also
- Transrepression
- Selective glucocorticoid receptor agonist
External links
- Transactivation at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Transactivators at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- A novel post-transcriptional role for ubiquitin in the differential regulation of MHC class I allotypes.
- Cano F, Lehner PJ.SourceCambridge Institute for Medical Research, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK.
- Molecular immunology.Mol Immunol.2013 Sep;55(2):135-8. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2012.10.015. Epub 2012 Nov 7.
- By providing ligands for Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes (CTL) as well as Natural Killer (NK) cells, the HLA-A/B/C MHC class I molecules (MHC-I) play a central role in both innate and adaptive immunity. In addition to CTL-mediated recognition of MHC-peptide complexes, cell surface expression of MHC-I is clo
- PMID 23140835
- Lymphocyte-stromal cell interaction induces IL-7 expression by interferon regulatory factors.
- Sekai M, Tani-Ichi S, Yoneyama M, Fujita T, Kina T, Ikuta K.SourceLaboratory of Biological Protection, Department of Biological Responses, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
- Molecular immunology.Mol Immunol.2013 Jul;54(3-4):378-85. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2013.01.002. Epub 2013 Jan 30.
- The interaction between lymphocytes and stromal cells plays important roles in coordinated development of early lymphocytes. IL-7 is an essential cytokine for early lymphocyte development produced by stromal cells in the thymus and bone marrow. Although IL-7 is induced by interaction of early lympho
- PMID 23376291
- Characterization of a novel CRAC inhibitor that potently blocks human T cell activation and effector functions.
- Chen G, Panicker S, Lau KY, Apparsundaram S, Patel VA, Chen SL, Soto R, Jung JK, Ravindran P, Okuhara D, Bohnert G, Che Q, Rao PE, Allard JD, Badi L, Bitter HM, Nunn PA, Narula SK, Demartino JA.SourceInflammation Discovery, Hoffmann-La Roche Inc., 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, NJ 07110, USA. Electronic address: gang.chen21@gmail.com.
- Molecular immunology.Mol Immunol.2013 Jul;54(3-4):355-67. doi: 10.1016/j.molimm.2012.12.011. Epub 2013 Jan 26.
- Store operated calcium entry (SOCE) downstream of T cell receptor (TCR) activation in T lymphocytes has been shown to be mediated mainly through the Calcium Release Activated Calcium (CRAC) channel. Here, we compared the effects of a novel, potent and selective CRAC current inhibitor, 2,6-Difluoro-N
- PMID 23357789
Japanese Journal
- Auxin-Mediated Transcriptional System with a Minimal Set of Components Is Critical for Morphogenesis through the Life Cycle in Marchantia polymorpha.
- ISP-1-1 HAND2 could serve as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting the transactivation function of ERα in endometrial carcinoma(Group 1 Oncology 1,IS Poster,International Session)
- Regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase 3/1 activity during meiosis resumption in mammals
Related Links
- transactivationとは。意味や和訳。[名詞] 転写促進：ウイルスに感染した細胞内の成長遺伝子が刺激されること.[語源]1983 - 80万項目以上収録、例文・コロケーションが豊富な無料英和和英辞典。
- ぺさんのお聞きの文脈では、transactivationは転写の活性化を示していると言って良いと思います。 最初のご質問にもどれば、transcriptional activityという言葉は、問題にしている転写因子が転写を調節する活性という意味で、活性（が有るか ...
★リンクテーブル★
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- 英
- transacting factor trans-acting factor, transactivation
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- 転写調節、転写因子、シス作用要素
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- 英
- transactivation、transactivate
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- 転写活性化、トランスアクチベーション
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- 関
- transactivation、transcription activation
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- 関
- transactivation、transcriptional activation
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- transactivation
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