symplast

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symplastic

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/03/27 17:07:06」(JST)

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The apoplastic and symplastic pathways

The symplast of a plant is the inner side of the plasma membrane in which water (and low-molecular-weight solutes) can freely diffuse.

The plasmodesmata allow the direct flow of small molecules such as sugars, amino acids, and ions between cells. Larger molecules, including transcription factors and plant viruses, can also be transported through with the help of actin structures.

This allows direct cytoplasm-to-cytoplasm flow of water and other nutrients along concentration gradients. In particular, it is used in the root systems to bring in nutrients from soil. It moves these solutes from epidermis cells through the cortex into the endodermis and eventually the pericycle, where it can be moved into the xylem for long distance transport. It is contrasted with the apoplastic flow, which uses cell wall transport.

See also

• Apoplast
• Plant sap
• Tonoplast

English Journal

• Effects of silicon on the distribution of cadmium compartmentation in root tips of Kandelia obovata (S., L.) Yong.

• Ye J, Yan C, Liu J, Lu H, Liu T, Song Z.SourceKey Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, and School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, 422# South Siming Road, Xiamen, 361005 Fujian Province, China.
• Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987).Environ Pollut.2012 Mar;162:369-73. Epub 2011 Dec 26.
• The Effects of silicon (Si) on the distribution of cadmium (Cd) compartmentation in root tips of Kandelia obovata (S., L.) Yong were investigated by pot experiments. Cd concentrations in the apoplastic saps and symplastic fractions of the root tips of K. obovata seedlings were decreased at both Si-
• PMID 22243887

• Metal response of transgenic tomato plants expressing P(1B) -ATPase.

• Barabasz A, Wilkowska A, Ruszczyńska A, Bulska E, Hanikenne M, Czarny M, Krämer U, Antosiewicz DM.SourceUniversity of Warsaw, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Experimental Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Miecznikowa Street 1, 02-096 Warszawa, Poland University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, Pasteura str.1, 02-093 Warszawa, Poland University of Liège, Department of Life Sciences, (B22), B-4000 Liège, Belgium Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Department of Plant Genetics Breeding and Biotechnology, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Lehrstuhl für Pflanzenphysiologie, Universitätsstraße 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany.
• Physiologia plantarum.Physiol Plant.2012 Jan 27. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2012.01584.x. [Epub ahead of print]
• Heterologous expression of HMA4 (P(1B) -ATPase)in plants is a useful strategy to engineer altered metal distribution in tissues for biofortification or phytoremediation purposes. This study contributes to understanding mechanisms underlying complex Zn-dependent phenotypes observed in transgenic plan
• PMID 22283486

• Mechanisms of efficient arsenite uptake by arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata.

• Wang X, Ma LQ, Rathinasabapathi B, Cai Y, Liu YG, Zeng GM.SourceCollege of Resources and Environmental Science, Hunan Normal University , Changsha, Hunan 410081, China.
• Environmental science & technology.Environ Sci Technol.2011 Nov 15;45(22):9719-25. Epub 2011 Oct 26.
• Arsenate (AsV) and arsenite (AsIII) are two dominant arsenic species in the environment. While arsenate uptake is via phosphate transporter in plants, including arsenic hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata , AsIII uptake mechanisms by P. vittata are unclear. In this study, we investigated AsIII uptake
• PMID 22029254

Japanese Journal

• トルコギキョウにおける可溶性糖質の同定と開花に伴う花弁細胞内の糖質濃度の変動

• The Horticulture Journal 85(3), 238-247, 2016
• NAID 130005167402

• Identification of Soluble Carbohydrates and Their Subcellular Concentrations in Petals during Flower Opening in <i>Eustoma grandiflorum</i>

• The Horticulture Journal advpub(0), 2016
• NAID 130005120117

• The Water Status Measurements Associated with Plant Growth

• Environment control in biology 45(4), 201-214, 2007-12-30
• NAID 10021229037

Related Links

• Symplast - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The apoplastic and symplastic pathways. The symplast of a plant is the inner side of the plasma membrane in which water (and low-molecular-weight solutes) can freely diffuse. The plasmodesmata allow the direct flow of small molecules such ...

• Apoplast and Symplast form a transport continum - Plant Transport ...

The apoplast refers to everything external to the plasma membrane of living plant cells, including cell walls, extracellular spaces, and the insides of dead cells, such as vessel elements and tracheids. The symplast comprises entire cytosol of a ...

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