WordNet
- large black diving duck of northern parts of the northern hemisphere (同)scooter
- a variety of scoter (同)Melanitta nigra
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2017/11/11 01:32:34」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
For U.S. Navy ships named Scoter, see USS Scoter.
Scoters |
|
Adult male white-winged scoter (Melanitta deglandi) |
Scientific classification |
Kingdom: |
Animalia |
Phylum: |
Chordata |
Class: |
Aves |
Order: |
Anseriformes |
Family: |
Anatidae |
Subfamily: |
Merginae |
Genus: |
Melanitta
F. Boie, 1822[1] |
Species |
See text
|
Synonyms |
Oidemia
|
The scoters are stocky seaducks in the genus Melanitta. The drakes are mostly black and have swollen bills. Females are brown. The genus name is derived from Ancient Greek melas "black" and netta "duck".[2]
They breed in the far north of Europe, Asia, and North America, and winter farther south in temperate zones of those continents. They form large flocks on suitable coastal waters. These are tightly packed, and the birds tend to take off together.
Their lined nests are built on the ground close to the sea, lakes or rivers, in woodland or tundra. These species dive for crustaceans and molluscs.
Species
There are five species,[1] grouped into two subgenera:
- Subgenus Oidemia:
- Melanitta americana – black or American scoter
- Melanitta nigra – common scoter
- Subgenus Melanitta:
- Melanitta fusca – velvet scoter
- Melanitta deglandi – white-winged scoter
- Melanitta perspicillata – surf scoter
The presumed fossil "scoter" Melanitta ceruttii, which lived in California during the Late Pliocene, is now placed in the genus Histrionicus.
References
- ^ a b Waterfowl, IOC Bird List
- ^ Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 246. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
English Journal
- Baseline glucocorticoids are drivers of body mass gain in a diving seabird.
- Hennin HL1, Wells-Berlin AM2, Love OP1.
- Ecology and evolution.Ecol Evol.2016 Feb 16. doi: 10.1002/ece3.1999. [Epub ahead of print]
- Life-history trade-offs are influenced by variation in individual state, with individuals in better condition often completing life-history stages with greater success. Although resource accrual significantly impacts key life-history decisions such as the timing of reproduction, little is known abou
- PMID 26925215
- Goal-dependent current compensation and drift in surf scoter flocks.
- Lukeman R1, Christie A1, Ydenberg RC2.
- Movement ecology.Mov Ecol.2016 Jan 31;4:2. doi: 10.1186/s40462-016-0068-7. eCollection 2016.
- BACKGROUND: Animals moving through air or water toward a goal frequently must contend with fluid currents, which can drift the actual path of the animal away from the direction of heading. Whether, and to what degree, animals compensate for currents depends on the species and environmental context,
- PMID 26835127
- A new duck circovirus sequence, detected in velvet scoter (Melanitta fusca) supports great diversity among this species of virus.
- Matczuk AK1, Krawiec M2, Wieliczko A3.
- Virology journal.Virol J.2015 Aug 8;12:121. doi: 10.1186/s12985-015-0352-y.
- BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of circoviruses in wild bird populations, in Poland. Circoviruses possess immuno-suppressive properties and might interfere with the health of wild birds.METHOD: 83 birds, which belonged to 23 species, were tested with broad-range, ne
- PMID 26253134
Japanese Journal
- 資料 千葉県九十九里浜に漂着した斃死鳥2種,アカエリカイツブリとクロガモの胃内容物所見
- Diets and Morphology of Digestive Organs of Five Species of Sea Ducks Wintering in Newfoundland.
Related Pictures