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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/06/20 15:51:14」(JST)

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A proerythroblast (or rubriblast, or pronormoblast) is the earliest of four stages in development of the normoblast.

In histology, it is very difficult to distinguish it from the other "-blast" cells (lymphoblast, myeloblast, monoblast, and megakaryoblast). The cytoplasm is blue in an H&E stain, indicating that it is basophilic.

Proerythroblasts arise from the CFU-e (colony-forming unit erythroid) cells, and give rise to basophilic erythroblasts. In the mouse, proerythroblasts are large committed progenitors that express high levels of transferrin receptor (iron acquisition receptor), the erythropoietin receptor (EpoR), some c-Kit (stem cell factor receptor), and are Ter119 (cell surface molecule)-positive. Their proliferative capacity is more limited compared to the preceding stage, the CFU-e.

In vivo, starting with the proerythroblast stage, erythroid cells undergo several more cell divisions while at the same time upregulating survival genes such as Bcl-xL, acquiring and storing large amounts of iron, ramping up the synthesis of hemoglobin and other erythroid genes (in large part a GATA-1 dependent process that is augmented by the EpoR signaling) and decreasing in cell size, eventually removing their nuclei and being released into the bloodstream as a reticulocyte.

"Pronormoblast" vs. "proerythroblast"[edit]

Some sources consider the terms "pronormoblast" and "proerythroblast" to be synonyms.^[1] However, other sources^[2] consider "proerythroblast" to be a parent term, divided into the following two categories:

"pronormoblast" - normal development
"promegaloblast" - abnormal development

References[edit]

^ Pronormoblast at eMedicine Dictionary
^ Proerythroblast, Dorland's Medical Dictionary

External links[edit]

BU Histology Learning System: 01804loa - "Bone Marrow and Hemopoiesis: bone marrow smear, erythroblast series with proerythroblast"
Histology at OU 75_11
Histology at KUMC blood-blood04
Image and description at purdue.edu
Histology of "promegaloblast" at marist.edu (pernicious anemia)
Interactive image at usuarios.lycos.es
Overview at temple.edu

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UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Cytokinesis failure in RhoA-deficient mouse erythroblasts involves actomyosin and midbody dysregulation and triggers p53 activation.

Konstantinidis DG1, Giger KM1, Risinger M2, Pushkaran S1, Zhou P1, Dexheimer P3, Yerneni S3, Andreassen P1, Klingmüller U4, Palis J5, Zheng Y1, Kalfa TA1.
Blood.Blood.2015 Sep 17;126(12):1473-82. doi: 10.1182/blood-2014-12-616169. Epub 2015 Jul 30.
RhoA GTPase has been shown in vitro in cell lines and in vivo in nonmammalian organisms to regulate cell division, particularly during cytokinesis and abscission, when 2 daughter cells partition through coordinated actomyosin and microtubule machineries. To investigate the role of this GTPase in the
PMID 26228485

Specific Targeting of Proerythroblasts and Erythroleukemic Cells by the VP1u Region of Parvovirus B19.

Leisi R1, von Nordheim M1, Kempf C1,2, Ros C1,2.
Bioconjugate chemistry.Bioconjug Chem.2015 Sep 16;26(9):1923-30. doi: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.5b00321. Epub 2015 Aug 13.
Viruses are evolutionarily developed cell-entering nanomachines, which are frequently used as gene or drug delivery systems. Parvovirus B19 (B19V) shows a remarkably restricted tropism for erythropoietin-dependent erythroid differentiation stages, and thus this virus provides an opportunity to deliv
PMID 26240997

The erythroblastic island as an emerging paradigm in the anemia of inflammation.

Hom J1, Dulmovits BM1, Mohandas N2, Blanc L3.
Immunologic research.Immunol Res.2015 Sep 16. [Epub ahead of print]
Terminal erythroid differentiation occurs in the bone marrow, within specialized niches termed erythroblastic islands. These functional units consist of a macrophage surrounded by differentiating erythroblasts and have been described more than five decades ago, but their function in the pathophysiol
PMID 26376896

Japanese Journal

小児赤白血病の3症例:予後因子の文献的考察

臨床血液 41(3), 212-217, 2000-03-30
NAID 10007017750

点状出血斑をきたしたヒトパルボウイルスB19感染症の1例

感染症学雑誌 70(9), 976-980, 1996
NAID 130004112558

イヌのサイクロフォスファマイド誘導性貧血に対するヒトリコンビナントエリスロポエチンの貧血防止効果について

日本輸血学会雑誌 38(4), 501-507, 1992
NAID 130003706813

Related Pictures

Sheets du dossier epoiesef Pronormoblast (Proerythroblast) - LabCE.com, Laboratory Continuing Education Iron Stain - Prussian Blue Reaction - StudyBlue Proerythroblast | Medical Laboratories proe Erythroid Cell

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「前赤芽球」「nucleated erythrocyte」「正赤芽球」「pronormoblast」

「前赤芽球」

Proerythroblast
	Proerythroblast
	A comprehensive diagram of human hematopoiesis
Code	TH H2.00.04.3.03002

　　[★]

英: proerythroblast
関: 赤血球、血球

CFU-E<-前赤芽球->好塩基性赤芽球

分化

造血幹細胞→骨髄系幹細胞→前赤芽球→好塩基性赤芽球→多染性赤芽球→正染性赤芽球→網状赤血球→赤血球

特徴

核小体（＋）

「nucleated erythrocyte」

　　[★] 有核赤血球

関: erythroblast、normoblast、nucleated red cell、proerythroblast、pronormoblast

「正赤芽球」

　　[★]

英: normoblast
関: erythroblast、nucleated erythrocyte、proerythroblast、pronormoblast

「pronormoblast」

　　[★]

前正赤芽球

関: erythroblast、normoblast、nucleated erythrocyte、proerythroblast

[1] Pronormoblast at eMedicine Dictionary

[2] Proerythroblast, Dorland's Medical Dictionary

匿名

検索

案内

案内

proerythroblast