WordNet

have or establish a relationship to; "She relates well to her peers"
be in a relationship with; "How are these two observations related?" (同)interrelate
give an account of; "The witness related the events"
connected by kinship, common origin, or marriage
being connected either logically or causally or by shared characteristics ; "painting and the related arts"; "school-related activities"; "related to micelle formation is the...ability of detergent actives to congregate at oil-water interfaces" (同)related to
the secretion of an endocrine gland that is transmitted by the blood to the tissue on which it has a specific effect (同)endocrine, internal_secretion
amide combining the amino group of one amino acid with the carboxyl group of another; usually obtained by partial hydrolysis of protein

PrepTutorEJDIC

(…に)〈事件・事情など〉‘を'『物語る』《+『名』+『to』+『名』》 / (…と)…‘を'『関係させる』,結びつける《+『名』+『to(with)』+『名』》 / 〈物・事が〉(…に)関係がある,かかわる《+『to(with)』+『名(wh・節・句)』》 / (…に)〈人が〉なじむ,順応する《+『to』+『名』》
関係のある
ホルモン
副甲状腺の,上皮小体の

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/21 18:01:22」(JST)

wiki en

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (or PTHrP) is a protein member of the parathyroid hormone family. It is occasionally secreted by cancer cells (breast cancer, certain types of lung cancer including squamous cell lung carcinoma). However, it also has normal functions.

Function

PTHrP acts as an endocrine, autocrine, paracrine, and intracrine hormone. It regulates endochondral bone development by maintaining the endochondral growth plate at a constant width. It also regulates epithelial-mesenchymal interactions during the formation of the mammary glands.

Tooth eruption

PTHrP is critical in intraosseous phase of tooth eruption where it acts as a signalling molecule to stimulate local bone resorption. Without PTHrP, the bony crypt surrounding the tooth follicle will not resorb, and therefore the tooth will not erupt. In the context of tooth eruption, PTHrP is secreted by the cells of the Reduced Enamel Epithelium.

Mammary glands

It aids in normal mammary gland development.^[1]^[2] It is necessary for maintenance of the mammary bud. Loss of PTHrP or its receptor causes the mammary bud cell fate to change back into epidermis. In lactation, it may regulate in conjunction with the calcium sensing receptor the mobilization and transfer of calcium to the milk, as well as placental transfer of calcium.

Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy

PTHrP is related in function to the "normal" parathyroid hormone. When a tumor secretes PTHrP, this can lead to hypercalcemia.^[3] As this is sometimes the first sign of the malignancy, hypercalcemia caused by PTHrP is considered a paraneoplastic phenomenon. PTHR1 is responsible for most cases of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy.

PTHrP shares the same N-terminal end as parathyroid hormone and therefore it can bind to the same receptor, the Type I PTH receptor (PTHR1). PTHrP can simulate most of the actions of PTH including increases in bone resorption and distal tubular calcium reabsorption, and inhibition of proximal tubular phosphate transport.

However, PTHrP is less likely than PTH to stimulate 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D production. Therefore, PTHrP does not increase intestinal calcium absorption.

Genetics

Four alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding two distinct isoforms have been observed. There is also evidence for alternative translation initiation from non-AUG (CUG and GUG) start sites, in-frame and downstream of the initiator AUG codon, to give rise to nuclear forms of this hormone.^[4]

Discovery

The protein was first isolated in 1987 by T.J. Martin's team at the University of Melbourne. Miao et al. showed that disruption of the PTHrP gene in mice caused a lethal phenotype and distinct bone abnormalities, suggesting that PTHrP has a physiological function.

Interactions

Parathyroid hormone-related protein has been shown to interact with KPNB1^[5]^[6] and Arrestin beta 1.^[7]

References

^ Hens JR, Dann P, Zhang JP, Harris S, Robinson GW, Wysolmerski J (March 2007). "BMP4 and PTHrP interact to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction". Development (Cambridge, England) 134 (6): 1221–30. doi:10.1242/dev.000182. PMID 17301089.
^ Hens JR, Wysolmerski JJ (2005). "Key stages of mammary gland development: Molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of the embryonic mammary gland". Breast Cancer Research : BCR 7 (5): 220–4. doi:10.1186/bcr1306. PMC 1242158. PMID 16168142.
^ Broadus AE, Mangin M, Ikeda K, Insogna KL, Weir EC, Burtis WJ, Stewart AF (September 1988). "Humoral hypercalcemia of cancer. Identification of a novel parathyroid hormone-like peptide". The New England Journal of Medicine 319 (9): 556–63. doi:10.1056/NEJM198809013190906. PMID 3043221.
^ "Entrez Gene: PTHLH parathyroid hormone-like hormone".
^ Cingolani, Gino; Bednenko Janna; Gillespie Matthew T; Gerace Larry (Dec 2002). "Molecular basis for the recognition of a nonclassical nuclear localization signal by importin beta". Mol. Cell (United States) 10 (6): 1345–53. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00727-X. ISSN 1097-2765. PMID 12504010.
^ Lam, M H; Hu W; Xiao C Y; Gillespie M T; Jans D A (Mar 2001). "Molecular dissection of the importin beta1-recognized nuclear targeting signal of parathyroid hormone-related protein". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (United States) 282 (2): 629–34. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.4607. ISSN 0006-291X. PMID 11401507.
^ Conlan, Lindus A; Martin T John; Gillespie Matthew T (Sep 2002). "The COOH-terminus of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) interacts with beta-arrestin 1B". FEBS Lett. (Netherlands) 527 (1–3): 71–5. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03164-2. ISSN 0014-5793. PMID 12220636.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 悪性腫瘍の高カルシウム血症 hypercalcemia of malignancy
2. 高カルシウム血症への診断的アプローチ diagnostic approach to hypercalcemia
3. 高カルシウム血症の原因 etiology of hypercalcemia
4. 副甲状腺ホルモンの分泌および作用 parathyroid hormone secretion and action
5. 骨格の正常な発達および骨形成ならびに骨吸収の調節 normal skeletal development and regulation of bone formation and resorption

English Journal

Acoustic wave biosensor for the detection of the breast and prostate cancer metastasis biomarker protein PTHrP.

Crivianu-Gaita V1, Aamer M1, Posaratnanathan RT1, Romaschin A2, Thompson M3.
Biosensors & bioelectronics.Biosens Bioelectron.2016 Apr 15;78:92-9. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.11.031. Epub 2015 Nov 12.
There are currently no biosensors that are able to reliably detect the process of cancer metastasis. We describe the first label-free real-time ultra-high frequency acoustic wave biosensor prototype capable of detecting the breast and prostate cancer metastasis biomarker, parathyroid hormone-related
PMID 26594891

Incidence of humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy among hypercalcemic patients with cancer.

Szymanski JJ1, Otrock ZK1, Patel KK1, Scott MG2.
Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry.Clin Chim Acta.2016 Jan 30;453:190-3. doi: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.12.017. Epub 2015 Dec 17.
BACKGROUND: Malignancy-associated hypercalcemia (MAHC) is the most common cause of hypercalcemia among hospitalized patients. MAHC can result from the production of parathyroid hormone related peptide (PTHrP) which is known as humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM). HHM is commonly thought to acc
PMID 26706788

Loss of Gsα in the Postnatal Skeleton Leads to Low Bone Mass and a Blunted Response to Anabolic Parathyroid Hormone Therapy.

Sinha P1, Aarnisalo P2, Chubb R1, Poulton IJ3, Guo J1, Nachtrab G1, Kimura T4, Swami S4, Saeed H4, Chen M5, Weinstein LS5, Schipani E6, Sims NA3, Kronenberg HM1, Wu JY7.
The Journal of biological chemistry.J Biol Chem.2016 Jan 22;291(4):1631-42. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M115.679753. Epub 2015 Nov 23.
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is an important regulator of osteoblast function and is the only anabolic therapy currently approved for treatment of osteoporosis. The PTH receptor (PTH1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor that signals via multiple G proteins including Gsα. Mice expressing a constitutively
PMID 26598522

Japanese Journal

症例高カルシウム血症を伴う高齢者の副甲状腺ホルモン関連蛋白産生肺癌の1例

岡川武日児,平松義規
胸部外科 = The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery 68(3), 237-239, 2015-03
NAID 40020369117

Hand Osteolysis in Patients with Adult T-Cell Leukemia-Lymphoma: Radiographic Characteristics

, , , , ,
The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 236(1), 63-69, 2015
… Hand osteolysis in the patients with ATLL is considered as paraneoplastic syndrome and caused by parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) released from tumor cells. … The present findings are helpful for physicians to differentiate PTHrP-mediated osteolysis in ATLL from parathyroid hormone-mediated hyperparathyroidism. …
NAID 130005069564

今月の症例高Ca血症を伴ったPTHrP産生食道小細胞癌の1剖検例

渥美義大,岩崎栄典,星野舞 [他]
日本内科学会雑誌 103(3), 741-743, 2014-03-10
NAID 40020025027

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「副甲状腺ホルモン関連ペプチド」「PTHrP」
関連記事	「relate」「parathyroid」「parathyroid hormone」

「副甲状腺ホルモン関連ペプチド」

Parathyroid hormone-like hormone
	PDB rendering based on 1bzg.
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1BZG, 1ET3, 1M5N, 3FFD, 3H3G
Identifiers
Symbols	PTHLH ; BDE2; HHM; PLP; PTHR; PTHRP
External IDs	OMIM: 168470 MGI: 97800 HomoloGene: 2113 GeneCards: PTHLH Gene
Gene ontology
Molecular function	• hormone activity; • peptide hormone receptor binding;
Cellular component	• extracellular region; • extracellular space; • nucleoplasm; • cytoplasm; • Golgi apparatus;
Biological process	• skeletal system development; • endochondral ossification; • osteoblast development; • adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway; • cell-cell signaling; • endoderm development; • female pregnancy; • positive regulation of cell proliferation; • negative regulation of cell proliferation; • epidermis development; • regulation of gene expression; • protein processing; • positive regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process; • epithelial cell differentiation; • negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation; • surfactant homeostasis; • negative regulation of sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity; • cAMP metabolic process; • lung alveolus development; • mammary gland bud elongation; • nipple sheath formation;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
	More reference expression data
Orthologs
	v; t; e;

　　[★]

英: parathyroid hormone-related peptide, PTHrP
同: 副甲状腺ホルモン関連タンパク質、副甲状腺ホルモン関連蛋白、副甲状腺ホルモン関連蛋白質、parathyroid hormone-related protein
関: 副甲状腺、高カルシウム血症、副甲状腺ホルモン

[show details]

副甲状腺ホルモン関連ペプチド : 約 28,600 件
副甲状腺ホルモン関連タンパク : 55 件
副甲状腺ホルモン関連タンパク質 : 55 件
副甲状腺ホルモン関連蛋白 : 約 24,500 件
副甲状腺ホルモン関連蛋白質 : 44 件

悪性腫瘍による高カルシウム血症を引き起こしうる。扁平上皮癌(頭頚部癌、肺癌、皮膚癌)、乳癌、泌尿器系の癌、消化器癌(HIM.618)
成人T細胞白血病おける高カルシウム血症はPTHrPによる

臨床検査

PTHrP

異常高値：悪性腫瘍に伴う高カルシウム血症(HHM)、褐色細胞腫

「PTHrP」

　　[★]

副甲状腺ホルモン関連ペプチド parathyroid hormone-related peptide = 副甲状腺ホルモン関連タンパク質 parathyroid hormone-related protein

「relate」

　　[★]

v.

関連する、関係する

関: associate、association、attach、bearing、concern、connect、connection、correlate、correlation、germane、implicate、implication、interplay、link、pertain、pertinent、referable、reference、relation、relationship、relative、relevance、relevant、respect

「parathyroid」

　　[★]

adj.

副甲状腺の、上皮小体の

関: parathyroid gland

「parathyroid hormone」

　　[★] 副甲状腺ホルモン PTH

[pmid17301089-1] Hens JR, Dann P, Zhang JP, Harris S, Robinson GW, Wysolmerski J (March 2007). "BMP4 and PTHrP interact to stimulate ductal outgrowth during embryonic mammary development and to inhibit hair follicle induction". Development (Cambridge, England) 134 (6): 1221–30. doi:10.1242/dev.000182. PMID 17301089.

[pmid16168142-2] Hens JR, Wysolmerski JJ (2005). "Key stages of mammary gland development: Molecular mechanisms involved in the formation of the embryonic mammary gland". Breast Cancer Research : BCR 7 (5): 220–4. doi:10.1186/bcr1306. PMC 1242158. PMID 16168142.

[pmid3043221-3] Broadus AE, Mangin M, Ikeda K, Insogna KL, Weir EC, Burtis WJ, Stewart AF (September 1988). "Humoral hypercalcemia of cancer. Identification of a novel parathyroid hormone-like peptide". The New England Journal of Medicine 319 (9): 556–63. doi:10.1056/NEJM198809013190906. PMID 3043221.

[4] "Entrez Gene: PTHLH parathyroid hormone-like hormone".

[pmid12504010-5] Cingolani, Gino; Bednenko Janna; Gillespie Matthew T; Gerace Larry (Dec 2002). "Molecular basis for the recognition of a nonclassical nuclear localization signal by importin beta". Mol. Cell (United States) 10 (6): 1345–53. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00727-X. ISSN 1097-2765. PMID 12504010.

[pmid11401507-6] Lam, M H; Hu W; Xiao C Y; Gillespie M T; Jans D A (Mar 2001). "Molecular dissection of the importin beta1-recognized nuclear targeting signal of parathyroid hormone-related protein". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. (United States) 282 (2): 629–34. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2001.4607. ISSN 0006-291X. PMID 11401507.

[pmid12220636-7] Conlan, Lindus A; Martin T John; Gillespie Matthew T (Sep 2002). "The COOH-terminus of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) interacts with beta-arrestin 1B". FEBS Lett. (Netherlands) 527 (1–3): 71–5. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(02)03164-2. ISSN 0014-5793. PMID 12220636.

匿名

検索

案内

案内

parathyroid hormone-related peptide