WordNet

wind instrument whose sound is produced by means of pipes arranged in sets supplied with air from a bellows and controlled from a large complex musical keyboard (同)pipe_organ
a fully differentiated structural and functional unit in an animal that is specialized for some particular function
a government agency or instrument devoted to the performance of some specific function; "The Census Bureau is an organ of the Commerce Department"
a periodical that is published by a special interest group; "the organ of the communist party"

PrepTutorEJDIC

『オルガン』,パイプオルガン(pipe organ),リードオルガン(reed organ),電子オルガン(electronic organ),手回しオルガン(barrel organ) / (動植物の)『器官』 / (政党・会社などの)機関誌,機関紙 / 《しばしば複数形で》(行動・実施などの)組織,機関

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1. 良性発作性頭位めまい症 benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
2. 回転性めまい患者の評価 evaluation of the patient with vertigo
3. 回転性めまいの病態生理、病因、および鑑別診断 pathophysiology etiology and differential diagnosis of vertigo
4. 乗物酔い motion sickness
5. 眼振の概要 overview of nystagmus

English Journal

Vestibular and Saccadic Abnormalities in Gaucher's Disease.

Chen L, Halmagyi GM, Todd MJ, Aw ST.Author information Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, 2050, Australia.AbstractGaucher's disease (GD) is a hereditary lysosomal storage disease characterized by abnormal deposition of glucocerebroside due to the enzyme glucocerebrosidase deficiency, resulting in multi-organ pathology. GD type III has a progressive neurological involvement. We studied the vestibular and saccadic abnormalities in GD type III to determine if these parameters may be useful for assessing neurological involvement. We evaluated the vestibular and saccadic responses of two siblings with genetically identified GD type III on enzyme replacement therapy. Vestibular functions were assessed with the head impulse test (HIT), vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs), and electrical vestibular stimulation (EVS). Saccadic functions were investigated with volitional horizontal and vertical saccades to ±20°. Three-dimensional head and eye movements were recorded with dual-search coils and VEMP with surface electrodes. HIT showed impaired individual semicircular canal function with halved angular vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) gains and absent horizontal refixation saccade. Ocular and cervical VEMPs to air-conducted clicks were absent in the older sibling, and only cervical VEMP was present in the younger sibling indicating otolithic dysfunction. EVS showed prolonged onset latency and attenuated tonic and phasic responses suggesting impaired neural conduction and vestibular function. Horizontal saccadic velocity was miniscule (<30°/s) and multiple back-to-back saccades with saccade-vergence interaction were utilized to minimize eye position error in the older sibling. Vertical saccades were slightly abnormal, but vergence and smooth pursuit were normal in both siblings. Our findings suggest that GD affected the vestibular nuclei in addition to the paramedian pontine reticular formation. These vestibular and saccadic abnormalities may be useful biomarkers to monitor neurological deterioration.
JIMD reports.JIMD Rep.2013 Oct 20. [Epub ahead of print]
Gaucher's disease (GD) is a hereditary lysosomal storage disease characterized by abnormal deposition of glucocerebroside due to the enzyme glucocerebrosidase deficiency, resulting in multi-organ pathology. GD type III has a progressive neurological involvement. We studied the vestibular and saccadi
PMID 24142279

Patterns of saccular afferent innervation in sciaenids.

Selckmann GM, Ramcharitar J.Author information St Mary's College of Maryland, Department of Biology, 18952 E. Fisher Road, St Mary's City, MD 20686, USA.AbstractIn this study, saccular afferent arborization patterns in Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulatus, red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and spot Leiostomus xanthurus were characterized. Leiostomus xanthurus showed the simplest configuration while M. undulatus displayed the most complex. In addition, hair-cell densities at sites sampled along the rostro-caudal axis of the saccular epithelia correlated with the observed patterns of arborization.
Journal of fish biology.J Fish Biol.2013 Sep;83(3):699-706. doi: 10.1111/jfb.12207.
In this study, saccular afferent arborization patterns in Atlantic croaker Micropogonias undulatus, red drum Sciaenops ocellatus and spot Leiostomus xanthurus were characterized. Leiostomus xanthurus showed the simplest configuration while M. undulatus displayed the most complex. In addition, hair-c
PMID 23991887

Topography of inferior olivary neurons that encode canal and otolith inputs.

Ma CW, Lai CH, Chow BK, Shum DK, Chan YS.Author information Department of Physiology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.AbstractVestibular information arising from rotational head movement and that from translational head movement are detected respectively by the semicircular canal and otolith organ in the inner ear. Spatiotemporal cues are in turn processed by the vestibulo-olivo-cerebellar pathway for sensorimotor coordination, but the role of the inferior olive (IO) in this pathway remains unclear. To address whether rotational and translational movements are differentially represented in the IO, we studied the distribution pattern of IO neurons recruited into the circuitry following selective activation of receptor hair cells of the horizontal semicircular canal or the utricle in adult rats. Neurons in the beta nucleus of IO (IOβ) and dorso-medial cell column of IO were responsive to horizontal translation, but not rotation. Notably, otolith-related neurons were observable largely in the rostral IOβ. In contrast, the subnucleus A of IO (IOA), subnucleus C of IO (IOC), and dorsal cap of Kooy (IOK) were responsive to horizontal rotation, but not translation. In the IOA, these canal-related neurons were clustered in the medial portion of the subnucleus. In the IOC, canal-related neurons were skewed towards the rostral half. In the IOK, canal-related neurons were found throughout the subnucleus. These indicate that the distributions of canal- and otolith-related neurons encoding horizontal motions are clearly segregated in the IO. These discrete IO subnuclei therefore provide a topographic map for temporal and adaptive operations of sensorimotor coordination and spatial reference.
Cerebellum (London, England).Cerebellum.2013 Jun;12(3):322-4. doi: 10.1007/s12311-012-0438-7.
Vestibular information arising from rotational head movement and that from translational head movement are detected respectively by the semicircular canal and otolith organ in the inner ear. Spatiotemporal cues are in turn processed by the vestibulo-olivo-cerebellar pathway for sensorimotor coordina
PMID 23328909

Japanese Journal

VEMP にて検出される BPPV の耳石器障害

大塚康司
Equilibrium Research 74(1), 41-43, 2015
NAID 130005063459

本邦における平衡機能神経科学研究の流れ(後編)

時田喬
Equilibrium research 62(3), 220-237, 2003-06-01
… visual and proprioceptive function.<BR>In the period from 1968-2000, progress in the following studies was noticed: (1) 3-dimensional recording of nystagmus and eye movements, (2) analysis of the body sway in upright standing posture, (3) examination of otolithic organ using vestibular evoked myogenic potential, linear acceleration and eccentric rotation test, (4) diagnosis, epidemiology and conservative and surgical treatment of Meniere disease, (5) diagnosis of vertigo and equilibrium examination using neuro-otological …
NAID 10026086247

温度眼振無反応例の一方向減衰回転法でのEVARとOVAR

中村雅子,加我君孝
Equilibrium research 60(4), 250-257, 2001-08-01
… The damped off-vertical-axis rotation test is promising for further evaluation of the semicircular canal and otolithic organs. …
NAID 10009418304