WordNet

to go or travel towards; "where is she heading"; "We were headed for the mountains"
the length or height based on the size of a human or animal head; "he is two heads taller than his little sister"; "his horse won by a head"
the pressure exerted by a fluid; "a head of steam"
the tip of an abscess (where the pus accumulates)
(nautical) a toilet on board a boat or ship
(usually plural) the obverse side of a coin that usually bears the representation of a persons head; "call heads or tails!"
a projection out from one end; "the head of the nail", "a pinhead is the head of a pin"
a single domestic animal; "200 head of cattle"
the striking part of a tool; "the head of the hammer"
the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains; "he stuck his head out the window" (同)caput
a person who is in charge; "the head of the whole operation" (同)chief, top_dog
(grammar) the word in a grammatical constituent that plays the same grammatical role as the whole constituent (同)head word
a rounded compact mass; "the head of a comet"
a user of (usually soft) drugs; "the office was full of secret heads"
an individual person; "tickets are $5 per head"
that part of a skeletal muscle that is away from the bone that it moves
the foam or froth that accumulates at the top when you pour an effervescent liquid into a container; "the beer had a large head of foam"
the front of a military formation or procession; "the head of the column advanced boldly"; "they were at the head of the attack"
the rounded end of a bone that fits into a rounded cavity in another bone to form a joint; "the head of the humerus"
the top of something; "the head of the stairs"; "the head of the page"; "the head of the list"
be the first or leading member of (a group) and excel; "This student heads the class" (同)head up
be in charge of; "Who is heading this project?" (同)lead
be in the front of or on top of; "The list was headed by the name of the president"
form a head or come or grow to a head; "The wheat headed early this year"
remove the head of; "head the fish"
take its rise; "These rivers head from a mountain range in the Himalayas"
of leafy vegetables; having formed into a head; "headed cabbages"
having a head of a specified kind or anything that serves as a head; often used in combination; "headed bolts"; "three-headed Cerberus"; "a cool-headed fighter pilot"
having a heading or caption; "a headed column"; "headed notepaper"
having a heading or course in a certain direction; "westward headed wagons"
the 5th letter of the Hebrew alphabet
a line of text serving to indicate what the passage below it is about; "the heading seemed to have little to do with the text" (同)header, head
the commonest protein in muscle; a globulin that combines with actin to form actomyosin

PrepTutorEJDIC

(顔を含めた)『頭』,頭部,首;(髪の生えている部分の)頭 / 『頭脳』,頭の働き,知力,才能;理性 / 『長』,指導者,支配者 / (ある物の)頭,上部,先端,先頭 / (川・泉の)源,水源 / (人・動物の)頭数,一人,1頭 / 『首席』,首位 / 《複数形で》(頭像のある)貨幣の表 / 項目,表題(新聞の)見出し / 《米俗》マリファナ常用者 / 長の,指導者の / …‘の'先頭に立つ,‘を'率いる;…‘の'長である / (…の方へ)…‘を'向ける《+『名』+『for』(『toward』)+『名』》 / (サッカーで)〈ボール〉‘を'頭で受ける,ヘディングする / (…に向かって)進む《+for(toward)+名》・「give a head」で「オーラルセックスをする・相手の性器をなめる」
頭[部]のある,見出しのある / (キャベツなどが)結球した / 《複合語を作って》「…の頭を持つ」「頭が…の」の意を表す
彼は,彼が / 《指す人の性別が分からないか,または分かる必要のない場合に》その人,あの人,自分 / 《he who(that)の形で》《文》…するものはだれでも / (動物の)おす(雄)
鬼ごっこ(tag,tick,tig)
(章・節などの)表題,見出し

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/07/11 22:46:49」(JST)

wiki en

Muscle contraction is caused by the sliding action of the thick filaments over the thin filaments of the myofibril. Myosin is a major component of thick filaments and exists as a hexamer of 2 heavy chains,^[1] 2 alkali light chains, and 2 regulatory light chains. The heavy chain can be subdivided into the N-terminal globular head and the C-terminal coiled-coil rod-like tail, although some forms have a globular region in their C-terminal. There are many cell-specific isoforms of myosin heavy chains, coded for by a multi-gene family.^[2] Myosin interacts with actin to convert chemical energy, in the form of ATP, to mechanical energy.^[3] The 3-D structure of the head portion of myosin has been determined ^[4] and a model for actin-myosin complex has been constructed.^[5]

The globular head is well conserved,^[4]^[6]^[7] and is key to contraction. Muscle contraction results from an attachment–detachment cycle between the myosin heads extending from myosin filaments and the sites on actin filaments. The myosin head first attaches to actin together with the products of ATP hydrolysis, performs a power stroke associated with release of hydrolysis products, and detaches from actin upon binding with new ATP. The detached myosin head then hydrolyses ATP, and performs a recovery stroke to restore its initial position. The strokes have been suggested to result from rotation of the lever arm domain around the converter domain, while the catalytic domain remains rigid.^[8]

References

^ Hayashida M, Maita T, Matsuda G (July 1991). "The primary structure of skeletal muscle myosin heavy chain: I. Sequence of the amino-terminal 23 kDa fragment". J. Biochem. 110 (1): 54–9. PMID 1939027.
^ Eller M, Stedman HH, Sylvester JE, Fertels SH, Wu QL, Raychowdhury MK, Rubinstein NA, Kelly AM, Sarkar S (October 1989). "Human embryonic myosin heavy chain cDNA. Interspecies sequence conservation of the myosin rod, chromosomal locus and isoform specific transcription of the gene". FEBS Lett. 256 (1-2): 21–8. doi:10.1016/0014-5793(89)81710-7. PMID 2806546.
^ Warrick HM, De Lozanne A, Leinwand LA, Spudich JA (December 1986). "Conserved protein domains in a myosin heavy chain gene from Dictyostelium discoideum". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83 (24): 9433–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.83.24.9433. PMC 387152. PMID 3540939.
^ ^a ^b Rayment I, Rypniewski WR, Schmidt-Bäse K, Smith R, Tomchick DR, Benning MM, Winkelmann DA, Wesenberg G, Holden HM (July 1993). "Three-dimensional structure of myosin subfragment-1: a molecular motor". Science 261 (5117): 50–8. doi:10.1126/science.8316857. PMID 8316857.
^ Rayment I, Holden HM, Whittaker M, Yohn CB, Lorenz M, Holmes KC, Milligan RA (July 1993). "Structure of the actin-myosin complex and its implications for muscle contraction". Science 261 (5117): 58–65. doi:10.1126/science.8316858. PMID 8316858.
^ Molloy JE, Burns JE, Kendrick-Jones J, Tregear RT, White DC (November 1995). "Movement and force produced by a single myosin head". Nature 378 (6553): 209–12. doi:10.1038/378209a0. PMID 7477328.
^ Lewalle A, Steffen W, Stevenson O, Ouyang Z, Sleep J (March 2008). "Single-molecule measurement of the stiffness of the rigor myosin head". Biophysical Journal 94 (6): 2160–9. doi:10.1529/biophysj.107.119396. PMC 2257899. PMID 18065470. Retrieved 2011-06-17.
^ Minoda H, Okabe T, Inayoshi Y, Miyakawa T, Miyauchi Y, Tanokura M, Katayama E, Wakabayashi T, Akimoto T, Sugi H (February 2011). "Electron microscopic evidence for the myosin head lever arm mechanism in hydrated myosin filaments using the gas environmental chamber". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 405 (4): 651–6. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.01.087. PMID 21281603.

This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro IPR001609

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Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ミオシン頭部」
関連記事	「heading」「head」

「ミオシン頭部」

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

Myosin_head
	scallop myosin in the near rigor conformation
Identifiers
Symbol	Myosin_head
Pfam	PF00063
Pfam clan	CL0023
InterPro	IPR001609
PROSITE	PDOC00017
SCOP	1mys
SUPERFAMILY	1mys
CDD	cd00124
Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary