WordNet

the topmost one of two
piece of leather or synthetic material that forms the part of a shoe or boot above the sole that encases the foot; "Uppers come in many styles"
higher in place or position; "the upper bunk"; "in the upper center of the picture"; "the upper stories"
superior in rank or accomplishment; "the upper half of the class"
the physical condition of blocking or filling a passage with an obstruction (同)blockage
any structure that makes progress difficult (同)obstructor, obstructer, impediment, impedimenta
getting in someones way
the act of obstructing; "obstruction of justice"
a brief treatise on a subject of interest; published in the form of a booklet (同)pamphlet
an extended area of land (同)piece of land, piece of ground, parcel of land, parcel
a system of body parts that together serve some particular purpose
a drawing created by superimposing a semitransparent sheet of paper on the original image and copying on it the lines of the original image (同)trace
the act of drawing a plan or diagram or outline
the discovery and description of the course of development of something; "the tracing of genealogies"
of or relating to the urinary system of the body
of or relating to the function or production or secretion of urine

PrepTutorEJDIC

(場所・位置が)『上のほうの』,上部の / 『上級の』,上位の / 奥地の,上流の / 靴の甲皮(こうがわ)(かかとより上の部分) / 覚醒剤（これの反意語はdowner：鎮静剤）
〈U〉(…への)妨害,障害《+『to』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(…への)妨害物,障害物《+『to』+『名』》
広大な土地(地域),(土地・海・空などの)広がり《+of+名》 / (器官の)管,(神経の)索
(おもに宗教・政治などの宣伝用の)小冊子,パンフレット
跡を追うこと,追跡;透写,複写 / 〈C〉 / 透写(複写)によってできたもの(地図・図案など),透写図
尿の;泌尿(ひにょう)[器]の

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1. 尿路閉塞および水腎症の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of urinary tract obstruction and hydronephrosis
2. 胎児水腎症の概要 overview of antenatal hydronephrosis
3. 成人における慢性腎臓病マネージメントの概要 overview of the management of chronic kidney disease in adults
4. 尿管ステントの留置およびマネージメント placement and management of indwelling ureteral stents
5. 後腹膜線維症の治療 treatment of retroperitoneal fibrosis

Arlen AM1, Kirsch AJ2.
Expert review of medical devices.Expert Rev Med Devices.2016 Jan 20:1-8. [Epub ahead of print]
Robotic surgery affords refined surgical movements that exceed the natural range of motion of the human hand, combined with high definition three-dimensional visualization and superior magnification. While open surgery has long been the standard of care in the pediatric population, robot-assisted su
PMID 26700679

Detailed evaluation of the upper urinary tract in patients with prune belly syndrome using magnetic resonance urography.

Garcia-Roig ML1, Grattan-Smith JD2, Arlen AM1, Smith EA1, Kirsch AJ3.
Journal of pediatric urology.J Pediatr Urol.2015 Dec 17. pii: S1477-5131(15)00446-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2015.11.008. [Epub ahead of print]
INTRODUCTION: Magnetic resonance urography (MRU) has proven to be useful in the setting of complex urologic anatomy. Prune belly syndrome (PBS) patients are known to have malformed and highly variable urinary tract anatomy due to significant dilation and renal dysplasia.OBJECTIVE: To further charact
PMID 26826943

THE USE OF BOWEL FOR BILATERAL URETER SUBSTITUTION: A CASE REPORT AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE.

Zhvania G1, Mshvildadze Sh1, Ujmajuridze A1, Chanturaia Z1, Managadze L1.
Georgian medical news.Georgian Med News.2015 Dec;(249):14-20.
Intestinal ureteral replacement remains a useful procedure for complex ureteral reconstruction. Bilateral ureteral substitution is more complicated procedure. There are some different methods of ureteroplasty. In our case we used Libertino modification. In this case we have examined safety and effic
PMID 26719544

横山裕,石田浩二,舘慶生 [他],藤田拓司
日本泌尿器科學會雜誌 104(1), 30-32, 2013-01-20
71歳，女性．直腸癌に対する低位前方切除術後18日目に下腹部痛と尿失禁を主訴に受診した．腹部CTとMR urographyでは右水腎症，右骨盤内嚢胞状腫瘤，子宮留水腫を認めた．PETでは拡張した右上部尿路に連続して拡張した右子宮付属器と子宮を認め，特徴的な所見を示した．生化学的検査結果は血清Crが1.06 mg/dL，子宮留水腫吸引液のCrが6.15 mg/dLであり，本症例は尿管卵管瘻と診断され …
NAID 10031139936

木村元彦,志村尚宣
Japanese Journal of Endourology 26(1), 121-125, 2013
　結石性腎盂腎炎の患者にはまず抗生剤投与ならびにドレナージを行い，全身状態が回復してから結石を治療するのが原則であるが，今回一期的に緊急TULを14例に行った．収縮期血圧100mmHg以上で安定している，頻呼吸がない，DICが重度でない，結石長径が8mm以下，部位がU2かU3，これらを満たす症例を緊急TULの選択基準とした．全例，砕石および抽石から尿管ステント留置までを行うことができ，術後の全身状 …
NAID 130004627175

CAKUT(congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract)に対する画像検査—排尿時膀胱尿道造影(VCUG)と核医学検査—

白柳慶之,山崎雄一郎
日本小児腎臓病学会雑誌 26(1), 33-42, 2013
　CAKUTは尿路における先天異常の総称で腎臓(e.g. 腎低形成，腎異形成)，腎盂尿管(e.g. 水腎症，巨大尿管症)，膀胱(e.g. 尿管瘤，膀胱尿管逆流(VUR))，尿道(e.g. 後部尿道弁(PUV))などの疾患を含む。胎児期に発見されるCAKUTは中枢神経系の異常に次いで多く，全出生の0.3～0.6%にのぼる。出生後早期にVCUGを行った方が良い病態は，1．膀胱の変形，壁の肥厚・巨大膀胱 …
NAID 130003384552