WordNet

natural process that causes something to form; "the formation of gas in the intestine"; "the formation of crystals"; "the formation of pseudopods"
the act of fabricating something in a particular shape (同)shaping
a particular spatial arrangement
creation by mental activity; "the formation of sentences"; "the formation of memories"
an arrangement of people or things acting as a unit; "a defensive formation"; "a formation of planes"
a roll of coins wrapped in paper
a roll of ribbon

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈U〉(…の)『形成』,構成,育成《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉形成されたもの,構成物;(その)構造,組織 / 〈U〉〈C〉隊形,陣形

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1. 末梢血塗抹標本の評価 evaluation of the peripheral blood smear
2. 多発性骨髄腫の臨床的特徴、検査所見、および診断 clinical features laboratory manifestations and diagnosis of multiple myeloma
3. ワルデンシュトレーム型マクログロブリン血症の疫学、病因、臨床症状、および診断 epidemiology pathogenesis clinical manifestations and diagnosis of waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
4. 小児における溶血性貧血の概要 overview of hemolytic anemias in children
5. 意義未確定の単クローン性免疫グロブリン血症（MGUS）の診断 diagnosis of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance

English Journal

Quantification of depletion-induced adhesion of red blood cells.

Steffen P1, Verdier C, Wagner C.Author information 1Experimental Physics, Saarland University, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany.AbstractRed blood cells (RBCs) are known to form aggregates in the form of rouleaux due to the presence of plasma proteins under physiological conditions. The formation of rouleaux can also be induced in vitro by the addition of macromolecules to the RBC suspension. Current data on the adhesion strength between red blood cells in their natural discocyte shapes mostly originate from indirect measurements such as flow chamber experiments, but data is lacking at the single cell level. Here, we present measurements on the dextran-induced aggregation of red blood cells using atomic force microscopy-based single cell force spectroscopy. The effects of dextran concentration and molecular weight on the interaction energy of adhering RBCs were determined. The results on adhesion energy are in excellent agreement with a model based on the depletion effect and previous experimental studies. Furthermore, our method allowed to determine the adhesion force, a quantity that is needed in theoretical investigations on blood flow.
Physical review letters.Phys Rev Lett.2013 Jan 4;110(1):018102. Epub 2013 Jan 2.
Red blood cells (RBCs) are known to form aggregates in the form of rouleaux due to the presence of plasma proteins under physiological conditions. The formation of rouleaux can also be induced in vitro by the addition of macromolecules to the RBC suspension. Current data on the adhesion strength bet
PMID 23383842

Skin rubdown with a dry towel, 'kanpu-masatsu' is an aerobic exercise affecting body temperature, energy production, and the immune and autonomic nervous systems.

Watanabe M1, Takano O, Tomiyama C, Matsumoto H, Kobayashi T, Urahigashi N, Urahigashi N, Abo T.Author information 1Department of Immunology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Niigata, Japan.AbstractSkin rubdown using a dry towel (SRDT) to scrub the whole body is a traditional therapy for health promotion. To investigate its mechanism, 24 healthy male volunteers were studied. Body temperature, pulse rate, red blood cells (RBCs), serum levels of catecholamines and cortisol, blood gases (PO(2), sO(2), PCO(2) and pH), lactate and glucose, and the ratio and number of white blood cells (WBCs) were assessed before and after SRDT. After SRDT, pulse rate and body temperature were increased. PO(2), sO(2) and pH were also increased and there was no Rouleaux formation by RBCs. Lactate level tended to increase, whereas that of glucose did not. Adrenaline and noradrenaline levels increased, indicating sympathetic nerve (SN) dominance with increase in granulocytes. WBC number and ratio were divided into two groups according to granulocyte ratio (≤ or < 60%) before SRDT: a normal group and a SN group. Only in the SN group did the granulocyte ratio decrease and the lymphocyte ratio and number increase after SRDT. It is suggested that SRDT is a mild aerobic, systemic exercise that might affect the immune system via the autonomic nervous system.
Biomedical research (Tokyo, Japan).Biomed Res.2012;33(4):243-8.
Skin rubdown using a dry towel (SRDT) to scrub the whole body is a traditional therapy for health promotion. To investigate its mechanism, 24 healthy male volunteers were studied. Body temperature, pulse rate, red blood cells (RBCs), serum levels of catecholamines and cortisol, blood gases (PO(2), s
PMID 22975635

Measurement of anisotropic reflection of flowing blood using optical coherence tomography.

Nam KH, Jeong B, Jung IO, Ha H, Kim KH, Lee SJ.AbstractLight reflectance of blood is a complex phenomenon affected by hematocrit and red blood cell (RBC) aggregation (rouleaux formation). According to the hypothesis that RBC rouleaux are aligned with the direction of blood flow, the spatial alignment of RBC rouleaux, as well as their size and quantity in the blood, may also affect light reflectance. The present study aims to investigate the effect of the spatial alignment and distribution of RBC rouleaux on light reflection using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Blood flow velocity and reflectance profiles in a rat jugular-femoral bypass loop were simultaneously measured using a Doppler swept-source OCT system at various incident angles from -30 to +30 deg. The reflectance profiles of flowing blood show nonmonotonous decay with a local negative peak at the center of the tube. The profiles vary depending on the incident angle. This angular dependence is stronger at a higher angle of incidence. The anisotropic reflectance of flowing blood is consistent with the hypothesis on the spatial alignment of RBC rouleaux.
Journal of biomedical optics.J Biomed Opt.2011 Dec;16(12):120502. doi: 10.1117/1.3660299.
Light reflectance of blood is a complex phenomenon affected by hematocrit and red blood cell (RBC) aggregation (rouleaux formation). According to the hypothesis that RBC rouleaux are aligned with the direction of blood flow, the spatial alignment of RBC rouleaux, as well as their size and quantity i
PMID 22191907

Japanese Journal

211 変形能を有する赤血球の連銭形成の計算力学シミュレーション

佐藤雅俊,和田成生,小林亮,坪田健一,山口隆美
バイオエンジニアリング講演会講演論文集 2004(16), 59-60, 2004-01-21
NAID 110002484091

赤血球連銭形成による誘電スペクトル変化に関する境界要素法計算

関根克尚,松尾亜弥,飛田由佳里,日比野千春,浅見耕司
生物物理 43(SUPPLEMENT_1), S221, 2003-08-25
NAID 110001158520

IgA-λ型M蛋白血症を合併し, 意識消失発作を呈した原発性シェーグレン症候群

長崎宗嗣,藤本隆,梅村康義,中村忍,土肥和紘
日本臨床免疫学会会誌 = Japanese journal of clinical immunology 22(3), 151-157, 1999-06-30
… A rouleaux formation was observed and serum protein electrophoresis revealed a monoclonal spike of 4.0gm/dl in the γ-region, which was characterized as IgA-λ. …
NAID 10005514929