mitogen-activated protein kinase 3

マイトジェン活性化プロテインキナーゼ3

関

extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1

WordNet

1. aerate (sewage) so as to favor the growth of organisms that decompose organic matter (同)aerate
2. make (substances) radioactive
3. make active or more active; "activate an old file"
4. make more adsorptive; "activate a metal"
5. rendered active; e.g. rendered radioactive or luminescent or photosensitive or conductive
6. (of e.g. a molecule) made reactive or more reactive (同)excited
7. (military) set up and placed on active assignment; "a newly activated unit"
8. (of sewage) treated with aeration and bacteria to aid decomposition
9. any of a large group of nitrogenous organic compounds that are essential constituents of living cells; consist of polymers of amino acids; essential in the diet of animals for growth and for repair of tissues; can be obtained from meat and eggs and milk and legumes; "a diet high in protein"
10. an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of a proenzyme to an active enzyme
11. an agent that triggers mitosis

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. …'を'活動的にする / …‘に'放射能を与える / 〈物質〉'を'活性化する
2. 蛋白(たんばく)質

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/11/27 06:03:24」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Main article: Mitogen-activated protein kinase

In molecular biology, extracellular-signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) or classical MAP kinases are widely expressed protein kinase intracellular signalling molecules that are involved in functions including the regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic functions in differentiated cells. Many different stimuli, including growth factors, cytokines, virus infection, ligands for heterotrimeric G protein-coupled receptors, transforming agents, and carcinogens, activate the ERK pathway.^{[citation needed]}

The term, "extracellular-signal-regulated kinases", is sometimes used as a synonym for mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), but has more recently been adopted for a specific subset of the mammalian MAPK family. In the MAPK/ERK pathway, Ras activates c-Raf, followed by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (abbreviated as MKK, MEK, or MAP2K) and then MAPK1/2 (below). Ras is typically activated by growth hormones through receptor tyrosine kinases and GRB2/SOS, but may also receive other signals. ERKs are known to activate many transcription factors, such as ELK1, and some downstream protein kinases. Disruption of the ERK pathway is common in cancers, especially Ras, c-Raf and receptors such as HER2.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1

See also: MAPK1

mitogen-activated protein kinase 1
Identifiers
Symbol	MAPK1
Alt. symbols	PRKM2, PRKM1
Entrez	5594
HUGO	6871
OMIM	176948
RefSeq	NM_002745
UniProt	P28482
Other data
Locus	Chr. 22 q11.2

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) is also known as "extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2" (ERK2). Two similar (85% sequence identity) protein kinases were originally called ERK1 and ERK2. They were found during a search for protein kinases that are rapidly phosphorylated after activation of cell surface tyrosine kinases such as the epidermal growth factor receptor. Phosphorylation of ERKs leads to the activation of their kinase activity.

The molecular events linking cell surface receptors to activation of ERKs are complex. It was found that Ras GTP-binding proteins are involved in the activation of ERKs. Another protein kinase, Raf-1, was shown to phosphorylate a "MAPK kinase", thus qualifying as a "MAPK kinase kinase". The MAPK kinase was named "MAPK/ERK kinase" (MEK).

Receptor-linked tyrosine kinases, Ras, Raf, MEK, and MAPK could be fitted into a signaling cascade linking an extracellular signal to MAPK activation. See: MAPK/ERK pathway.

Transgenic gene knockout mice lacking MAPK1 have major defects in early development.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3

See also: MAPK3

mitogen-activated protein kinase 3
Identifiers
Symbol	MAPK3
Alt. symbols	PRKM3
Entrez	5595
HUGO	6877
OMIM	601795
RefSeq	NM_001040056
UniProt	P27361
Other data
Locus	Chr. 16 p11.2

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (MAPK3) is also known as "extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1" (ERK1). Transgenic gene knockout mice lacking MAPK3 are viable and it is thought that MAPK1 can fulfill most MAPK3 functions in most cells. The main exception is in T cells. Mice lacking MAPK3 have reduced T cell development past the CD4⁺CD8⁺ stage.

External links

• The Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases
• MAP Kinase Resource .
• Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• MAPK1
• MAPK3 Info with links in the Cell Migration Gateway

References

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 黒色腫（メラノーマ）の分子生物学 the molecular biology of melanoma
• 2. 進行皮膚黒色腫に対するマネージメントの概要 overview of the management of advanced cutaneous melanoma
• 3. 前立腺癌の分子生物学 molecular biology of prostate cancer
• 4. 転移性黒色腫（メラノーマ）の分子標的療法 molecularly targeted therapy for metastatic melanoma
• 5. Reperfusion injury of the heart

English Journal

• Initial Segment Differentiation Begins During a Critical Window and Is Dependent upon Lumicrine Factors and SRC Proto-Oncogene (SRC) in the Mouse.

• Xu B, Washington AM, Hinton BT.
• Biology of reproduction.Biol Reprod.2016 Jun 8. pii: biolreprod.116.138388. [Epub ahead of print]
• Without a fully developed and functioning initial segment, the most proximal region of the epididymis, male infertility results. Therefore, it is important to understand the development of the initial segment. During postnatal development of the epididymis, many cellular processes of the initial seg
• PMID 27281706

• Breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 miRNA profile expression after BIK interference: BIK involvement in autophagy.

• Ruiz Esparza-Garrido R1,2, Torres-Márquez ME3, Viedma-Rodríguez R4, Velázquez-Wong AC5, Salamanca-Gómez F6, Rosas-Vargas H5, Velázquez-Flores MÁ5.
• Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine.Tumour Biol.2016 May;37(5):6749-59. doi: 10.1007/s13277-015-4494-8. Epub 2015 Dec 10.
• B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2)-interacting killer (apoptosis inducing) (BIK) has been proposed as a tumor suppressor in diverse types of cancers. However, BIK's overexpression in breast cancer (BC) and in non-small lung cancer cells (NSCLCs), associated with a poor prognosis, suggests its participation in
• PMID 26662110

• Pathogen-responsive MPK3 and MPK6 reprogram the biosynthesis of indole glucosinolates and their derivatives in Arabidopsis immunity.

• Xu J1, Meng J2, Meng X3, Zhao Y4, Liu J4, Sun T2, Liu Y5, Wang Q6, Zhang S7.
• The Plant cell.Plant Cell.2016 Apr 14. pii: tpc.00871.2015. [Epub ahead of print]
• Anti-microbial compounds have critical roles in plant immunity; for example, Arabidopsis thaliana and other crucifers deploy phytoalexins and glucosinolate derivatives in defense against pathogens. The pathogen-responsive MITOGEN-ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE 3 (MPK3) and MPK6 have essential functions in
• PMID 27081184

Japanese Journal

• Irciniastatin A Induces Potent and Sustained Activation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase and Thereby Promotes Ectodomain Shedding of Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor 1 in Human Lung Carcinoma A549 Cells

• Quach Hue Tu,Hirano Seiya,Fukuhara Sayuri [他]
• Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin 38(6), 941-946, 2015-06
• NAID 40020471602

• MAPKK-encoding gene Ste7 in Bipolaris maydis is required for development and morphogenesis

• Kitade Yuki,Sumita Takuya,Izumitsu Kosuke [他]
• Mycoscience : official journal of the Mycological Society of Japan 56(2), 150-158, 2015-03
• NAID 40020402954

• Effect of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the bovine oviduct in vitro: Alteration by heat stress

• , , ,
• Journal of Reproduction and Development advpub(0), 2015
• … elucidate the potential mechanisms responsible for the detrimental effect of heat stress and to identify the relation with the endocrine status, the effects of EGF on the level of phosphorylated mitogen-activated-protein kinase (MAPK) and proliferation of bovine oviductal epithelial cells (OECs) exposed to different cyclic ovarian steroidal environments (luteal phase (LP), follicular phase (FP) and postovulatory phase (PO)) and temperatures (mild heat stress (40 C) and …
• NAID 130005074131

Related Links

• MAPK3 - Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 - Homo sapiens ...

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 (EC:2.7.11.24) Short name: MAP kinase 3 Short name: MAPK 3 Alternative name(s): ERT2 Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 Short name: ERK-1 Insulin-stimulated MAP2 kinase i Name: ...

• Mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinases 2 ...

1. Mol Cell Biol. 2013 Jul;33(13):2586-602. doi: 10.1128/MCB.01692-12. Epub 2013 Apr 22. Mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinases 2 and 3 regulate SERCA2a expression and fiber type composition to modulate ...

Related Pictures

---

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1」「マイトジェン活性化プロテインキナーゼ3」
関連記事	「activated」「activate」「kinase」「protein kinase」

「extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1」

　　[★]

細胞外シグナル制御キナーゼ1

関

ERK1、mitogen-activated protein kinase 3

「マイトジェン活性化プロテインキナーゼ3」

　　[★]

英

mitogen-activated protein kinase 3

関

細胞外シグナル制御キナーゼ1

「activated」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 活性化の、活性化型の、賦活化の

関

activate、activated form、activation、turn on

　 　 　 　

「activate」

　　[★]

• v.

• 活性化する、賦活化する、賦活する

関

activated、activation、turn on

　 　 　 　 　

「kinase」

　　[★] キナーゼ カイネース リン酸化酵素 phosphoenzyme phosphotransferase 　

「protein kinase」

　　[★] プロテインキナーゼ

同

protein kinases