WordNet

unrefined in character; "low comedy"
an air mass of lower pressure; often brings precipitation; "a low moved in over night bringing sleet and snow" (同)depression
a low level or position or degree; "the stock market fell to a new low"
used of sounds and voices; low in pitch or frequency (同)low-pitched
very low in volume; "a low murmur"; "the low-toned murmur of the surf" (同)low-toned
in a low position; near the ground; "the branches hung low"
less than normal in degree or intensity or amount; "low prices"; "the reservoir is low"
literal meanings; being at or having a relatively small elevation or upward extension; "low ceilings"; "low clouds"; "low hills"; "the sun is low"; "low furniture"; "a low bow"
the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit); "the compressed gas exerts an increased pressure" (同)pressure level, force per unit area
an oppressive condition of physical or mental or social or economic distress
the somatic sensation that results from applying force to an area of skin; "the sensitivity of his skin to pressure and temperature was normal" (同)pressure_sensation
a force that compels; "the public brought pressure to bear on the government"
the 3rd letter of the Roman alphabet (同)c
(music) the keynote of the scale of C major
a general-purpose programing language closely associated with the UNIX operating system
a pattern of symptoms indicative of some disease
a complex of concurrent things; "every word has a syndrome of meanings"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(高さ・位置が)『低い』,低い所にある / (価格・数量・程度などが)『低い』,少ない / (身分・地位などが)『低い』,卑しい / (人格・行為などが)『卑しい』,下劣な,下品な / 《補語にのみ用いて》(体が)『弱った』;元気のない,憂うつな / (供給が)不十分な;(…が)乏しい《+『in』(『on』)+『名』》 / (音・声が)低い,小さい / (生物が)下等な / 『低く』,低い所に / (価格・程度などが)『安く』,低く / 低い声(調子)で;静かに / 最低点,最低水準
(牛の)モーという鳴き声 / (牛が)モーと鳴く
〈U〉『押すこと』,『押しつけること』,圧搾,圧縮;〈C〉〈U〉『圧力』,圧力の強さ / 〈U〉『圧迫』,『強制』 / 〈U〉(不快な)圧迫感 / 〈C〉〈U〉(精神的な)重荷,苦脳;(時間・金銭的)切迫 / 〈U〉多忙,あわただしさ / 《おもに米》…‘に'圧力をかける,強制する(《英》pressurise)
carbonの化学記号
(疾患の徴候となる一群の)症徴候,症候群 / (事件・社会的状態などのパターンを示す)徴候形態

UpToDate Contents

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1. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension: Pathophysiology, clinical features, and diagnosis
2. Spontaneous intracranial hypotension: Treatment and prognosis
3. 雷鳴頭痛 thunderclap headache
4. 脳震とう後症候群 postconcussion syndrome
5. 脳静脈血栓症の治療および予後 treatment and prognosis of cerebral venous thrombosis

English Journal

MR Elastography Can Be Used to Measure Brain Stiffness Changes as a Result of Altered Cranial Venous Drainage During Jugular Compression.

Hatt A1, Cheng S2, Tan K3, Sinkus R4, Bilston LE5.
AJNR. American journal of neuroradiology.AJNR Am J Neuroradiol.2015 Oct;36(10):1971-7. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A4361. Epub 2015 Jun 4.
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Compressing the internal jugular veins can reverse ventriculomegaly in the syndrome of inappropriately low pressure acute hydrocephalus, and it has been suggested that this works by "stiffening" the brain tissue. Jugular compression may also alter blood and CSF flow in other
PMID 26045579

Diffuse non-aneurysmal SAH in spontaneous intracranial hypotension: Sequela of ventral CSF leak?

Schievink WI1, Maya MM2.
Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache.Cephalalgia.2015 Sep 7. pii: 0333102415604473. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension due to a spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak has become a well-recognized cause of headaches. Recently, various unusual neurological syndromes have been described in such patients with chronic ventral CSF leaks, including superficial siderosis and a
PMID 26346560

Association of cerebrospinal fluid tap-related oscillatory activity and shunt outcome in idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus.

Ikeda S1,2, Kazui H1, Tanaka T1, Ishii R1, Aoki Y1, Hata M1, Canuet L3, Yoshiyama K1, Iwase M1, Pascual-Marqui R4,5, Takeda M1.
Psychogeriatrics : the official journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society.Psychogeriatrics.2015 Sep;15(3):191-7. doi: 10.1111/psyg.12106. Epub 2015 Apr 27.
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by the clinical triad of gait disturbance, urinary dysfunction, and cognitive impairment. The aim of the present study was to find specific EEG patterns associated with shunt response in iNPH.MET
PMID 25913881

Japanese Journal

Spontaneous Low Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure Headache Initially Misdiagnosed as a Tension-type Headache

Nishisako Hisashi,Kunishima Hiroyuki,Shimizu Gohji,Naitou Yoshiyuki,Teruya Yoko,Yokokawa Masatoshi,Masui Kentaro,Hirose Masanori,Sakai Tsubasa,Yamasaki Yukitaka,Tsuchida Tomoya,Nemoto Takaaki,Torikai Keito,Nakagawa Teisuke,Matsuda Takahide
General Medicine 15(1), 43-46, 2014
… The patient was admitted to the hospital on suspicion of spontaneous low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure headache. … Successful emergency surgery was undertaken.Spontaneous low CSF pressure headache syndrome is characterized by orthostatic headache, and if such a headache worsens, clinicians should consider a subdural hematoma, a life-threatening complication of this unusual disorder. …
NAID 130004543700

両側変動性感音難聴をきたした特発性低髄圧症候群の一例

杉浦真,橋本彩恵,曾根三千彦,中島務
AUDIOLOGY JAPAN 48(1), 52-58, 2005
特発性低髄圧症候群は, 腰椎穿刺, 腰椎麻酔, 脳外科手術などの誘因がなく, 何らかの原因で髄液量が減少し, 頭蓋内圧が低下し, 起立性頭痛を特徴とする疾患である。本症候群はしばしば難聴, 耳鳴, めまいを合併し, 突発性難聴や低音障害型感音難聴との鑑別が重要となる。今回我々は, 両側変動性感音難聴をきたした特発性低髄圧症候群の一症例を経験したので報告する。症例は, 46歳女性, 初発症状は, 後 …
NAID 130003713409

水頭症性痴呆と真性正常圧水頭症の概念 : 正常圧水頭症の分類用語上の厳密な定義と髄液短絡流量からみた難治性要因

大井静雄,伊藤薫,津金隆一,佐藤修
脳神経外科ジャーナル 8(12), 776-784, 1999-11-20
「正常圧水頭症」(NPH)は, 今や特発例を含めて外傷後, クモ膜下出血後, 髄膜炎後等の成人の水頭症を包括する概念のごとくに捉えられ, その定義に混乱した状況がみられる.Hakim & Adams(1965)の提唱で, そのterminologyにおいて, treatable dementiaの特徴ある症候学的見地をもった成人水頭症群に対して, 病態生理学上に頭蓋内圧に限定して命名したことがその …
NAID 110003813312