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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/05/17 21:49:16」(JST)

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Intraretinal microvascular abnormalities (IRMA) are abnormalities of the blood vessels that supply the retina of the eye, a sign of diabetic retinopathy. IRMA can be difficult to distinguish from and is likely a precursor to retinal neovascularization. One way to distinguish IRMA from retinal neovascularization is to perform fluorescein angiography. Since IRMA blood vessels are patent, unlike neovascular vessels, they do not leak, and therefore exhibit hypofluorescence on fluorescein angiography.

IRMA is deeper in the retina than neovascularization, has blurrier edges, is more of a burgandy color as opposed to a red color, does not appear on the optic disc, and is usually seen after a shorter period of poorly controlled diabetes than neovascularization.

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1. 糖尿病性網膜症：分類および臨床的特徴 diabetic retinopathy classification and clinical features
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3. コントラスト心エコー検査：臨床応用 contrast echocardiography clinical applications
4. 妊娠前糖尿病：先入観に対するカウンセリング、評価、およびマネージメント pregestational diabetes preconception counseling evaluation and management
5. 赤血球表面抗原および細胞骨格蛋白質の異常によるマラリアに対する防御 protection against malaria by abnormalities in red cell surface antigens and cytoskeletal proteins

English Journal

Chronic hyperglycemia inhibits vasoregression in a transgenic model of retinal degeneration.

Feng Y, Wang Y, Yang Z, Wu L, Hoffmann S, Wieland T, Gretz N, Hammes HP.Author information 5th Medical Clinic, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany, yuxi.feng@medma.uni-heidelberg.de.AbstractVasoregression characterizes diabetic retinopathy in animal models and in humans. We have recently demonstrated that vasoregression is earlier initiated in a rat model of ciliopathy-induced retinal neurodegeneration (TGR rat). The aim was to assess the balance between vasoregressive effects of chronic hyperglycemia and photoreceptor degeneration on adult vascular remodelling. The retinas were analyzed at 4 and 9 months after streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Neurodegeneration was determined by quantitation of cell numbers and retinal layer thickness. Vasoregression was assessed by quantitative retinal morphometry in retinal digest preparations. Retinal VEGF levels were measured by ELISA. Glial activation, expression and location of HSP27 and phosphorylated HSP27 were evaluated by immunofluorescence staining. Unexpectedly, the numbers of acellular capillaries were reduced at both time points and led to fewer intraretinal microvascular abnormalities in late stage diabetic TGR. Concomitantly, inner nuclear layers (INLs) in diabetic TGR rats were protected from cell loss at both time points. Consequently, glial activation was reduced, but VEGF level was increased in diabetic TGR retinas. Expressions of HSP27 were upregulated in glia cells in the preserved INL of diabetic TGR. Chronic hyperglycemia preserves the microvasculature in the retinal model of neurodegeneration. Cell preservation in the retinal INL was associated with protective gene regulation. Together, these data indicate that diabetes can induce vasoprotection, in which retinal glia can play a particular role.
Acta diabetologica.Acta Diabetol.2013 Jun 15. [Epub ahead of print]
Vasoregression characterizes diabetic retinopathy in animal models and in humans. We have recently demonstrated that vasoregression is earlier initiated in a rat model of ciliopathy-induced retinal neurodegeneration (TGR rat). The aim was to assess the balance between vasoregressive effects of chron
PMID 23771613

Diabetic retinopathy.

Moreno A, Lozano M, Salinas P.Author information Department of Ophtalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain.Abstractin

English, SpanishEn el presente trabajo se describe la importancia de la retinopatía diabética en la pérdida de función visual. Así como de los factores de riesgo más importantes, como la duración de la diabetes (tiempo de evolución), mal control metabólico, embarazo, pubertad, hipertensión arterial, mal control de lípidos en sangre, nefropatía, y síndrome de apnea del sueño. La patogenia de la enfermedad, como microangiopatías de pequeños vasos retinianos que produce extravasación, edema y fenómenos de isquemia. Se hace especial énfasis en el vascular endotelial Growth factor (VEGF) y su importancia patogénica. También se describen los síntomas clínicos principales como microaneurismas, hemorragias intra retinianas, exudados duros y blandos, anormalidades microvasculares intraretinianas (AMIR), arrosaramiento venoso así como edema macular diabético (siendo esta última la más frecuente causa de pérdida de visión) y la formación de neovasos. Finalmente se describen las técnicas más actuales de diagnóstico y tratamiento, haciendo especial énfasis en la importancia de la cirugía de la obesidad como factor preventivo más importante para eliminar los síntomas predisponentes y desencadenantes de la enfermedad.

Nutrición hospitalaria.Nutr Hosp.2013 Mar;28 Suppl 2:53-6. doi: 10.3305/nh.2013.28.sup2.6714.
in

English, SpanishEn el presente trabajo se describe la importancia de la retinopatía diabética en la pérdida de función visual. Así como de los factores de riesgo más importantes, como la duración de la diabetes (tiempo de evolución), mal control metabólico, embarazo, pubertad, hipert

PMID 23834047

Retinal neovascularization secondary to proliferative diabetic retinopathy characterized by spectral domain optical coherence tomography.

Cho H, Alwassia AA, Regiatieri CV, Zhang JY, Baumal C, Waheed N, Duker JS.Author information Department of Ophthalmology, New England Eye Center, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.AbstractPURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to characterize diabetic retinal neovascularization (NV) and accompanying retinal and vitreal morphologic changes using high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography.
Retina (Philadelphia, Pa.).Retina.2013 Mar;33(3):542-7. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3182753b6f.
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to characterize diabetic retinal neovascularization (NV) and accompanying retinal and vitreal morphologic changes using high-resolution spectral domain optical coherence tomography.METHODS: A cross-sectional retrospective analysis was performed on 16 eyes of 14
PMID 23400083

Japanese Journal

Effect of Hypoxia Mimetic Cobalt Chloride on the Expression of Extracellular-Superoxide Dismutase in Retinal Pericytes

Adachi Tetsuo,Aida Kazunari,Nishihara Hiroko [他],Kamiya Tetsuro,Hara Hirokazu
Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 34(8), 1297-1300, 2011
… The initial clinical stage of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is characterized by the development of intraretinal microvascular abnormalities. …
NAID 130000936602

「網膜内細小血管異常」

Intraretinal microvascular abnormalities
	Classification and external resources
ICD-9	362.17

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英: intraretinal microvascular abnormalities, IRMA
同: 網膜内毛細血管異常、intraretinal microvascularangiopathy
関: 糖尿病

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網膜内毛細血管異常 : 9 件
網膜内細小血管異常 : 約 10,600 件

「IRMA」

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「microvascular」

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adj.

微小血管の

関: microvessel

リンク元	「網膜内細小血管異常」「IRMA」
関連記事	「microvascular」

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案内

intraretinal microvascular abnormalities