同: 登上線維

WordNet

tell a relatively insignificant lie; "Fibbing is not acceptable, even if you dont call it lying"
a trivial lie; "he told a fib about eating his spinach"; "how can I stop my child from telling stories?" (同)story, tale, tarradiddle, taradiddle
a slender and greatly elongated substance capable of being spun into yarn (同)fibre
a leatherlike material made by compressing layers of paper or cloth (同)fibre, vulcanized fiber
any of several elongated, threadlike cells (especially a muscle fiber or a nerve fiber) (同)fibre

PrepTutorEJDIC

(ささいな,罪のない)うそ / 軽いうそをつく
登る,はい登る / 登ること,登山

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/08/09 11:11:27」(JST)

wiki en

Climbing fibers are the name given to a series of neuronal projections from the inferior olivary nucleus located in the medulla oblongata.^[1]^[2]

These axons pass through the pons and enter the cerebellum via the inferior cerebellar peduncle where they form synapses with the deep cerebellar nuclei and Purkinje cells. Each climbing fiber will form synapses with 1-10 Purkinje cells.

Early in development, Purkinje cells are innervated by multiple climbing fibers, but as the cerebellum matures, these inputs gradually become eliminated resulting in a single climbing fiber input per Purkinje cell.

These fibers provide very powerful, excitatory input to the cerebellum which results in the generation of complex spike excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) in Purkinje cells.^[1] In this way climbing fibers (CFs) perform a central role in motor behaviors.^[3]

The climbing fibers carry information from various sources such as the spinal cord, vestibular system, red nucleus, superior colliculus, reticular formation and sensory and motor cortices. Climbing fiber activation is thought to serve as a motor error signal sent to the cerebellum, and is an important signal for motor timing. In addition to the control and coordination of movements,^[4] the climbing fiber afferent system contributes to sensory processing and cognitive tasks likely by encoding the timing of sensory input independently of attention or awareness .^[5]^[6] ^[7]

In the central nervous system, these fibers are able to undergo to remarkable regenerative modifications in response to injuries, being able to generate new branches by sprouting to innervate surrounding Purkinje cells if these lose their CF innervation.^[8] This kind of injury-induced sprouting has been shown to need the growth associated protein GAP-43.^[9] ^[10]

References[edit source | edit]

^ ^a ^b Harting, John K.; Helmrick, Kevin J. (1996,1997). "Cerebellum - Circuitry - Climbing Fibers". Retrieved 2008-12-25.
^ Bear, Mark F.; Michael A. Paradiso; Barry W. Connors (2006). Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain (Digitised online by Google Books). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 773. ISBN 978-0-7817-6003-4. Retrieved 2008-12-25. Image of Parallel fiber
^ McKay, Bruce E.; Engbers, Jordan D. T., W. Hamish Mehaffey, Grant R. J. Gordon, Michael L. Molineux, Jaideep S. Bains, and Ray W. Turner; Mehaffey, WH; Gordon, GR; Molineux, ML; Bains, JS; Turner, RW (January 31, 2007). "Climbing Fiber Discharge Regulates Cerebellar Functions by Controlling the Intrinsic Characteristics of Purkinje Cell Output". Journal of neurophysiology (J Neurophysiol) 97 (4): 2590–604. doi:10.1152/jn.00627.2006. PMID 17267759. Retrieved 2008-12-25.
^ "Medical Neurosciences".
^ Xu D, Liu T, Ashe J, Bushara KO. Role of the olivo-cerebellar system in timing. J Neurosci 2006; 26: 5990-5.
^ Liu T, Xu D, Ashe J, Bushara K. Specificity of inferior olive response to stimulus timing. J Neurophysiol 2008; 100: 1557-61.
^ Wu X, Ashe J, Bushara KO. Role of olivocerebellar system in timing without awareness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011.
^ Carulli D, Buffo A, Strata P (April 2004). "Reparative mechanisms in the cerebellar cortex". Prog Neurobiol 72 (6): 373–98. doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2004.03.007. PMID 15177783.
^ Grasselli G, Mandolesi G, Strata P, Cesare P (June 2011). "Impaired Sprouting and Axonal Atrophy in Cerebellar Climbing Fibres following In Vivo Silencing of the Growth-Associated Protein GAP-43". PLoS ONE 6 (6): e20791. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0020791. PMID 21695168.
^ Grasselli G, Strata P (February 2013). "Structural plasticity of climbing fibers and the growth-associated protein GAP-43". Front. Neural Circuits 7 (25). doi:10.3389/fncir.2013.00025. PMID 23441024.

External links[edit source | edit]

Climbing Fiber Discharge Regulates Cerebellar Functions by Controlling the intrinsic Characteristics of Purkinje Cell Output
Spatiotemporal Tuning of Optic Flow Inputs to the Vestibulocerebellum in Pigeons: Differences Between Mossy and Climbing Fiber Pathways

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English Journal

Orexin-neuromodulated cerebellar circuit controls redistribution of arterial blood flows for defense behavior in rabbits.

Nisimaru N, Mittal C, Shirai Y, Sooksawate T, Anandaraj P, Hashikawa T, Nagao S, Arata A, Sakurai T, Yamamoto M, Ito M.SourceRIKEN Brain Science Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A.2013 Aug 27;110(35):14124-31. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1312804110. Epub 2013 Aug 2.
We investigated a unique microzone of the cerebellum located in folium-p (fp) of rabbit flocculus. In fp, Purkinje cells were potently excited by stimulation of the hypothalamus or mesencephalic periaqueductal gray, which induced defense reactions. Using multiple neuroscience techniques, we determin
PMID 23912185

Strength and timing of motor responses mediated by rebound firing in the cerebellar nuclei after Purkinje cell activation.

Witter L, Canto CB, Hoogland TM, de Gruijl JR, De Zeeuw CI.SourceNetherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Frontiers in neural circuits.Front Neural Circuits.2013 Aug 21;7:133. doi: 10.3389/fncir.2013.00133.
The cerebellum refines the accuracy and timing of motor performance. How it encodes information to perform these functions is a major topic of interest. We performed whole cell and extracellular recordings of Purkinje cells (PCs) and cerebellar nuclei neurons (CNs) in vivo, while activating PCs with
PMID 23970855

MODULATED DISCHARGE OF PURKINJE AND STELLATE CELLS PERSISTS AFTER UNILATERAL LOSS OF VESTIBULAR PRIMARY AFFERENT MOSSY FIBERS IN MICE.

Barmack NH, Yakhnitsa V.SourceOregon Health & Science University.
Journal of neurophysiology.J Neurophysiol.2013 Aug 21. [Epub ahead of print]
Cerebellar Purkinje cells are excited by two afferent pathways --- climbing and mossy fibers. Climbing fibers evoke large "complex spikes" (CSs) that discharge at low frequencies. Mossy fibers synapse upon granule cells whose parallel fibers excite Purkinje cells and may contribute to the genesis of
PMID 23966673

Japanese Journal

Remodeling of Monoplanar Purkinje Cell Dendrites during Cerebellar Circuit Formation.

Kaneko Megumi,Yamaguchi Kazuhiko,Eiraku Mototsugu,Sato Motohiko,Takata Norio,Kiyohara Yoshimoto,Mishina Masayoshi,Hirase Hajime,Hashikawa Tsutomu,Kengaku Mineko
PloS one 6(5), 2011-05
… a single climbing fiber axon from the inferior olive that extend along Purkinje dendrites, and parallel fiber axons of granule cells that contact vertically to the plane of dendrites. … Multiplanar Purkinje cells in the third week were often associated by ectopic climbing fibers innervating nearby Purkinje cells in distinct sagittal planes. …
NAID 120003163707

Glutamate Receptor δ2 Is Essential for Input Pathway-Dependent Regulation of Synaptic AMPAR Contents in Cerebellar Purkinje Cells

Yamasaki Miwako,Miyazaki Taisuke,Azechi Hirotsugu,Abe Manabu,Natsume Rie,Hagiwara Teruki,Aiba Atsu,Mishina Masayoshi,Sakimura Kenji,Watanabe Masahiko
The Journal of Neuroscience 31(9), 3362-3374, 2011-03-02
… In cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs), the density of synaptic AMPARs is approximately five times lower at parallel fiber (PF) synapses than at climbing fiber (CF) synapses. …
NAID 120003295068

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「CF」「climbing fibre」「登上線維」

「CF」

Neuron: Climbing fiber
	; Microcircuitry of the cerebellum. Excitatory synapses are denoted by (+) and inhibitory synapses by (-). Climbing fiber is shown originating from the inferior olive (green).
Location	Inferior Olive and Cerebellum
Function	Unique excitatory function (see text)
Morphology	Unique projection neuron (see text)
Presynaptic connections	Inferior olive
Postsynaptic connections	Purkinje cells
Gray's	subject #187 796

　　[★]

冠状動脈血流冠動脈血流 coronary flow
補体結合反応試験 complement fixation test
嚢胞性線維症 cystic fibrosis
ロイコボリン leucovorin calcium
登上線維 climbing fiber climbing fibre
楔状束 cuneate fasciculus
冠血流 coronary flow
大腸ファイバースコープ colon fiberscope、大腸内視鏡、下部消化管内視鏡

「climbing fibre」

　　[★] 登上線維 CF climbing fiber

「登上線維」

　　[★]

英: climbing fiber
関: 延髄

[climbingfibers-1] Harting, John K.; Helmrick, Kevin J. (1996,1997). "Cerebellum - Circuitry - Climbing Fibers". Retrieved 2008-12-25.

[2] Bear, Mark F.; Michael A. Paradiso; Barry W. Connors (2006). Neuroscience: Exploring the Brain (Digitised online by Google Books). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 773. ISBN 978-0-7817-6003-4. Retrieved 2008-12-25. Image of Parallel fiber

[3] McKay, Bruce E.; Engbers, Jordan D. T., W. Hamish Mehaffey, Grant R. J. Gordon, Michael L. Molineux, Jaideep S. Bains, and Ray W. Turner; Mehaffey, WH; Gordon, GR; Molineux, ML; Bains, JS; Turner, RW (January 31, 2007). "Climbing Fiber Discharge Regulates Cerebellar Functions by Controlling the Intrinsic Characteristics of Purkinje Cell Output". Journal of neurophysiology (J Neurophysiol) 97 (4): 2590–604. doi:10.1152/jn.00627.2006. PMID 17267759. Retrieved 2008-12-25.

[urlanatomyqueen.27suniversity-4] "Medical Neurosciences".

[5] Xu D, Liu T, Ashe J, Bushara KO. Role of the olivo-cerebellar system in timing. J Neurosci 2006; 26: 5990-5.

[6] Liu T, Xu D, Ashe J, Bushara K. Specificity of inferior olive response to stimulus timing. J Neurophysiol 2008; 100: 1557-61.

[7] Wu X, Ashe J, Bushara KO. Role of olivocerebellar system in timing without awareness. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011.

[pmid15177783-8] Carulli D, Buffo A, Strata P (April 2004). "Reparative mechanisms in the cerebellar cortex". Prog Neurobiol 72 (6): 373–98. doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2004.03.007. PMID 15177783.

[Grasselli_et_al..2C_2011-9] Grasselli G, Mandolesi G, Strata P, Cesare P (June 2011). "Impaired Sprouting and Axonal Atrophy in Cerebellar Climbing Fibres following In Vivo Silencing of the Growth-Associated Protein GAP-43". PLoS ONE 6 (6): e20791. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0020791. PMID 21695168.

[Grasselli_.26_Strata.2C_2013-10] Grasselli G, Strata P (February 2013). "Structural plasticity of climbing fibers and the growth-associated protein GAP-43". Front. Neural Circuits 7 (25). doi:10.3389/fncir.2013.00025. PMID 23441024.

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climbing fiber