WordNet

of or relating to an abnormal condition of the eye in which visual images are not in focus on the retina
visual impairment without apparent organic pathology

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/09/15 23:00:49」(JST)

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Barrett BT, Bradley A, Candy TR.SourceSchool of Optometry & Vision Science, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford BD7 1DP, United Kingdom. b.t.barrett@bradford.ac.uk
Progress in retinal and eye research.Prog Retin Eye Res.2013 Sep;36:120-58. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2013.05.001. Epub 2013 Jun 15.
This review aims to disentangle cause and effect in the relationship between anisometropia and amblyopia. Specifically, we examine the literature for evidence to support different possible developmental sequences that could ultimately lead to the presentation of both conditions. The prevalence of an
PMID 23773832

Prevalence and etiology of amblyopia in Southern India: results from screening of school children aged 5-15 years.

Ganekal S, Jhanji V, Liang Y, Dorairaj S.SourceNayana Super Specialty Eye Hospital and Research Center, Davangere, Karnataka, India. drgsunil@yahoo.com
Ophthalmic epidemiology.Ophthalmic Epidemiol.2013 Aug;20(4):228-31. doi: 10.3109/09286586.2013.809772.
PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and etiology of amblyopia in school children.METHODS: A total of 4020 school children aged between 5 and 15 years were screened in a population-based, cross-sectional study. Best corrected visual acuity and detailed ophthalmic evaluation were performed in all par
PMID 23865603

Zhang W, Yang X, Liao M, Zhang N, Liu L.SourceDepartment of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
European journal of ophthalmology.Eur J Ophthalmol.2013 Jul-Aug;23(4):539-45. doi: 10.5301/ejo.5000269. Epub 2013 Mar 7.
INTRODUCTION: Amblyopia is a common childhood condition, which affects 2%-3% of the population. The efficacy of conventional treatment in amblyopia seems not to be high and recently perceptual learning has been used for treating amblyopia. The aim of this study was to address the efficacy of Interne
PMID 23483507

リンク元	「弱視」「屈折異常弱視」「屈折性弱視」

視覚発達の感受性期に視力の発達が抑制されることにより起こる視力障害で、基質障害によるものだけでは説明できないものをいう。
視覚の感受性期は8歳までといわれており、これまでの時期に視覚の発達を妨げる要因を除去しておかなければ不可逆的な視力の低下が生じる。
人の大脳皮質の視覚野の神経回路は生後3ヶ月から2歳頃までが最も視的環境の影響を受けやすく、この時期を視覚発達の臨界期という。これ以降は徐々に視覚の感受性が低下していく。(SOP.288)

斜視弱視 strabismic amblyopia：斜視が原因で出現する片癌性の視力障害
不同視弱視 anisometropic amblyopia：両眼の大きな屈折度差が原因で屈折異常の大きな目に現れる片眼性の視力障害。遠視性不同視に起こりやすい。
形態覚遮断弱視 form vision deprivation amblyopia：先天性眼瞼下垂や先天性白内障、乳幼児期の眼帯使用が原因

=? 視性刺激遮断弱視 ocular stimulus-deprivation amblyopia