ヘリグモソモイデス・・リギルス

関: Nematospiroides dubius

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/03/27 23:28:29」(JST)

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Heligmosomoides polygyrus (formerly known as Nematospiroides dubius^[1]) is a common parasitic nematode found in the duodenum and small intestine of woodmice and other rodents. It is sometimes referred to as Heligmosomoides bakeri.^[2]

They are 5–20 mm in length and bright red due to the pigmentation of their tissues. They are usually heavily coiled, with the female having 12–15 coils and the male 8–12. The male can be distinguished from the female by a prominent copulatory bursa and two long, thin spicules at the posterior end.

These worms often form cysts in the wall of the intestine. These cysts often become infected with bacteria, but it is not yet known if these are harmful to the host.

This organism is often used to model human helminth infection in laboratory mice.

Life cycle

Heligmosomoides polygyrus has a direct life cycle. its life cycle began with the eggs that get out with the faeces of suitable host into the environment. After two days they hatch as larvae which size is about 300 μm in length. The larvae moult 3 days later but it retains the shed cuticle layer for protection. It is at this point they become infective. The larvae shed its outer protective sheath layer after they were eaten by the host. The larvae then try to penetrate the submucosa layer of the duodenum where they undergo two further moults.

About seven days later the male and female adult worms emerge into the lumen of the duodenum. They attach to the epithelial layer of the duodenum where they feed on the contents of the gut. When adult worms mate, their eggs are shed in the faeces. The complete life cycle needs a minimum of 15 days, and the female worms will live inside their host for 8 months.

References

^ Wabo Poné, J.; Fossi Tankoua, O.; Yondo, J.; Komtangi, M. C.; Mbida, M.; Bilong Bilong, C. F. (2011). "The in Vitro Effects of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Leaves of Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae) on Three Life Cycle Stages of the Parasitic Nematode Heligmosomoides bakeri (Nematoda: Heligmosomatidae)". Veterinary Medicine International 2011: 1. doi:10.4061/2011/140293.
^ Behnke, J.M.; Menge, D.M.; Noyes, H. (2009). "Heligmosomoides bakeri: a model for exploring the biology and genetics of resistance to chronic gastrointestinal nematode infections". Parasitology 136 (12): 1565–1580. doi:10.1017/S0031182009006003.

English Journal

Stability of within-host-parasite communities in a wild mammal system.

Knowles SC, Fenton A, Petchey OL, Jones TR, Barber R, Pedersen AB.SourceInstitute of Evolutionary Biology, and Centre for Immunity, Infection and Evolution (CIIE), School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, , West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, , St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, , Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK, Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, , Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland, Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, , The Ronald Ross Building, 8 West Derby Street, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK.
Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society.Proc Biol Sci.2013 May 15;280(1762):20130598. Print 2013.
Simultaneous infection by multiple parasite species is ubiquitous in nature. Interactions among co-infecting parasites may have important consequences for disease severity, transmission and community-level responses to perturbations. However, our current view of parasite interactions in nature comes
PMID 23677343

Modulation of dendritic cell function and immune response by cysteine protease inhibitor from murine nematode parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus.

Sun Y, Liu G, Li Z, Chen Y, Liu Y, Liu B, Su Z.SourceLaboratory of Immunobiology, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.
Immunology.Immunology.2013 Apr;138(4):370-81. doi: 10.1111/imm.12049.
Modulation and suppression of the immune response of the host by nematode parasites have been reported extensively and the cysteine protease inhibitor (CPI or cystatin) is identified as one of the major immunomodulators. In the present study, we cloned and produced recombinant CPI protein from the m
PMID 23240853

ICOS controls Foxp3(+) regulatory T-cell expansion, maintenance and IL-10 production during helminth infection.

Redpath SA, van der Werf N, Cervera AM, MacDonald AS, Gray D, Maizels RM, Taylor MD.SourceInstitute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
European journal of immunology.Eur J Immunol.2013 Mar;43(3):705-15. doi: 10.1002/eji.201242794. Epub 2013 Jan 31.
Foxp3(+) regulatory T (Treg) cells are key immune regulators during helminth infections, and identifying the mechanisms governing their induction is of principal importance for the design of treatments for helminth infections, allergies and autoimmunity. Little is yet known regarding the co-stimulat
PMID 23319295

Japanese Journal

Enhanced Protection against Heligmosomoides polygyrus in IL-2 Receptor β-Chain Overexpressed Transgenic Mice with Intestinal Mastocytosis

MORIMOTO Masahiro,UTSUMIYA Kyoko
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science advpub(0), 1101270447, 2011
… IL-4 is also important in the regulation of resistance and susceptibility to Heligmosomoides polygyrus infection. … polygyrus and intestinal mastocytosis. … polygyrus infection. … polygyrus. …
NAID 130000445017

Th2 Immune Responses and Alternatively Activated Macrophages (AAMacs) in Helminth Infection in Aged Mice

SUGAWARA Yasuhiro,AZUMA Noritsugu,ONODERA Sachi,TSUNOKA Yuichi,MORIMOTO Motoko
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science advpub(0), 1011290401, 2010
… Eighteen-month (18M) and three-month (3M) old C3H/HeN mice were inoculated with Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Hp) larvae. …
NAID 130000444546

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ヘリグモソモイデス・ポリギルス」「Nematospiroides dubius」
関連記事	「polygyrus」

「ヘリグモソモイデス・ポリギルス」

Heligmosomoides polygyrus
	Female H. polygyrus from the digestive tractus of a woodmouse
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Nematoda
Class:	Chromadorea
Order:	Rhabditida
Family:	Heligmosomidae
Genus:	Heligmosomoides
Species:	H. polygyrus
Binomial name
	Heligmosomoides polygyrus;

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ラ: Heligmosomoides polygyrus
関: ネマトスピロイデス・ドゥビウス

「Nematospiroides dubius」

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ネマトスピロイデス・ドゥビウス

関: Heligmosomoides polygyrus

「polygyrus」

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Heligmosomoides polygyrus

[1] Wabo Poné, J.; Fossi Tankoua, O.; Yondo, J.; Komtangi, M. C.; Mbida, M.; Bilong Bilong, C. F. (2011). "The in Vitro Effects of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Leaves of Ageratum conyzoides (Asteraceae) on Three Life Cycle Stages of the Parasitic Nematode Heligmosomoides bakeri (Nematoda: Heligmosomatidae)". Veterinary Medicine International 2011: 1. doi:10.4061/2011/140293.

[2] Behnke, J.M.; Menge, D.M.; Noyes, H. (2009). "Heligmosomoides bakeri: a model for exploring the biology and genetics of resistance to chronic gastrointestinal nematode infections". Parasitology 136 (12): 1565–1580. doi:10.1017/S0031182009006003.

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Heligmosomoides polygyrus