WordNet

a lack of balance or state of disequilibrium; "a hormonal imbalance" (同)instability, unbalance
a solution that conducts electricity; "the proper amount and distribution of electrolytes in the body is essential for health"

PrepTutorEJDIC

不均衡,釣り合いがとれていないこと
電解液;電解質

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/03/23 03:10:51」(JST)

wiki en

Electrolytes play a vital role in maintaining homeostasis within the body. They help to regulate heart and neurological function, fluid balance, oxygen delivery, acid-base balance and much more. Electrolyte imbalances can develop by the following mechanisms: excessive ingestion; diminished elimination of an electrolyte; diminished ingestion or excessive elimination of an electrolyte. The most common cause of electrolyte disturbances is kidney failure.^{[citation needed]}

The most serious electrolyte disturbances involve abnormalities in the levels of sodium, potassium, and/or calcium. Other electrolyte imbalances are less common, and often occur in conjunction with major electrolyte changes. Chronic laxative abuse or severe diarrhea or vomiting (gastroenteritis) can lead to electrolyte disturbances along with dehydration. People suffering from bulimia or anorexia nervosa are at especially high risk for an electrolyte imbalance.

General function

Electrolytes are important because they are what cells (especially nerve, heart and muscle cells) use to maintain voltages across their cell membranes and to carry electrical impulses (nerve impulses, muscle contractions) across themselves and to other cells. Kidneys work to keep the electrolyte concentrations in blood constant despite changes in the body. For example, during heavy exercise, electrolytes are lost in sweat, particularly in form of sodium and potassium. These electrolytes must be replaced to keep the electrolyte concentrations of the body fluids constant.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 低ナトリウム血症および高ナトリウム血症の症状 manifestations of hyponatremia and hypernatremia
2. 成人における高カリウム血症の原因および評価 causes and evaluation of hyperkalemia in adults
3. 低マグネシウム血症の原因 causes of hypomagnesemia
4. 成人における維持輸液療法および補充輸液療法 maintenance and replacement fluid therapy in adults
5. 幼児および小児における低カルシウム血症の病因 etiology of hypocalcemia in infants and children

English Journal

Role of diversion ileostomy In low rectal cancer: A randomised Controlled trial.

Thoker M1, Wani I1, Parray FQ1, Khan N1, Mir SA1, Thoker P2.
International journal of surgery (London, England).Int J Surg.2014 Jul 16. pii: S1743-9191(14)00210-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2014.07.012. [Epub ahead of print]
INTRODUCTION: Rectal cancer continues to be devastating malignancy worldwide .Sphincter preservation is the need of the hour. Distal anastomosis is more prone to leaks.Proximal diversion in form of ileostomy may be used to protect distal anastomosis.AIM: To compare two groups of low anterior resecti
PMID 25038542

Diabetes insipidus-like state complicating percutaneous transluminal renal stenting for transplant renal artery stenosis.

Tian L1, He Y1, Zhang H1, Wu Z1, Li D1, Chen S2.
Annals of vascular surgery.Ann Vasc Surg.2014 Jul;28(5):1271-4. doi: 10.1016/j.avsg.2013.12.023. Epub 2014 Feb 8.
BACKGROUND: To report the incidence, etiology, and treatments of diabetes insipidus-like state that complicate percutaneous transluminal renal stenting (PTRS) for transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS).METHODS: Data from 7 patients on whom PTRS for TRAS was performed between October 2008 and March
PMID 24517985

Sudden death of a middle aged woman with a series of undiagnosed gynaecologic diseases.

Hikiji W1, Hayashi K2, Fukunaga T2.
Forensic science international.Forensic Sci Int.2014 Jul;240:e25-8. doi: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.04.032. Epub 2014 May 5.
Gynaecologic diseases unrelated to pregnancy are not generally associated with sudden death, which limits the number of case reports published in the field of forensic medicine. Presented in this paper is a fatal case in a middle aged woman with an early stage endometrial cancer and a series of gyna
PMID 24835015

Japanese Journal

入院治療を要した小児重症アトピー性皮膚炎患者における年齢別臨床像・重症化因子の検討

日本小児アレルギー学会誌 29(3), 294-302, 2015
NAID 130005104354

Degradation study of yttria-doped barium cerate (BCY) electrolyte in protonic ceramic fuel cells under various operating conditions

Journal of the Ceramic Society of Japan 123(1436), 257-262, 2015
NAID 130005064030

Development of an Albumin Copper Binding (ACuB) Assay to Detect Ischemia Modified Albumin

Analytical Sciences 30(10), 985-990, 2014
NAID 130004694058

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「電解質異常」
関連記事	「imbalance」

「電解質異常」

Water-electrolyte imbalance
Classification and external resources
Specialty	endocrinology
ICD-10	E86-E87
ICD-9-CM	276
MeSH	D014883
	[edit on Wikidata]

　　[★]

英: electrolyte abnormality
同: 電解質失調 electrolyte disturbance、電解質平衡異常 electrolyte imbalance
関: 確認テスト電解質

see 電解質異常.xls

基準値

			臨床検査法提要第32版		施設基準値
Na+			136～145	mEq/l	138～145	mEq/ｌ
K+			3.4～4.5	mEq/l	3.5～4.8	mEq/ｌ
Cl-			100～108	mEq/l	99～107	mEq/ｌ
HCO3-			22～26	mEq/l
アニオンギャップ			12±4	mEq/l
総Ca			8.6～10.1	mg/dl	8.8～10.0	mg/dl
イオン化Ca			1.15～1.30	mmol/l
無機リン	IP	成人	2.2～4.1	mg/dl	2.7～4.5	mg/dl
		小児	4.0～7.0
Mg			1.8～2.3	mg/dl	1.8～2.4	mg/dl

心電図との関連

also see YN.D-149

	高	低
カリウム	高カリウム血症	低カリウム血症
カリウム	テント状T	T波平坦化 U波出現
カルシウム	高カルシウム血症	低カルシウム血症
カルシウム	QT短縮	QT延長
マグネシウム	高マグネシウム血症	低マグネシウム血症
マグネシウム		QT延長

カリウム

高カリウム血症 YN.D-142

テント状T、P波消失、QRS延長、サインカーブ、心室細動

静止膜電位の上昇(脱分極)

QRS波延長：(伝導速度の低下)細胞外K濃度が高い→活性化状態にあるNaチャネルが少なく、心筋細胞の脱分極第0相におけるNaの流入速度が低下→活動電位発生の時間が遷延

低カリウム血症 YN.D-141

T波の減高、U波の出現、ST低下、陰性T波

静止膜電位の低下(過分極)

QRS幅延長?????

カルシウム

高カルシウム血症

QT短縮(ST短縮)

カルシウムの流入速度が速くなる？

QRS幅拡大することがある

低カルシウム血症

QT延長(ST延長)、心収縮力低下。QRSの延長なし

カルシウムの流入速度が遅くなる感じ？

低Ca血症+低Mg血症でAPD延長と早期後脱分極(EAD)によるtorsade de pointesのリスクが高まる

QRS幅は変化なし

マグネシウム

高マグネシウム血症

低マグネシウム血症

QT延長

「imbalance」

　　[★]

n.

不均衡、アンバランス
(筋肉や内分泌腺の)平衡失調、平衡異常

関: disequilibrium、unbalance

匿名

検索

案内

案内

electrolyte imbalance