WordNet

a continuous tube formed by a row of elongated cells lacking intervening end walls
an enclosed conduit for a fluid
a bodily passage or tube lined with epithelial cells and conveying a secretion or other substance; "the tear duct was obstructed"; "the alimentary canal"; "poison is released through a channel in the snakes fangs" (同)epithelial duct, canal, channel

PrepTutorEJDIC

送水管;(建物・船などの)通気管;(地下ケーブルなどの)ダクト / (体液を運ぶ)導管,(植物が水・空気を運ぶ)導管

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/09/17 22:25:10」(JST)

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1. Bile ducts: 2. Intrahepatic bile ducts, 3. Left and right hepatic ducts, 4. Common hepatic duct, 5. Cystic duct, 6. Common bile duct, 7. Ampulla of Vater, 8. Major duodenal papilla
9. Gallbladder, 10–11. Right and left lobes of liver. 12. Spleen.
13. Esophagus. 14. Stomach. Small intestine: 15. Duodenum, 16. Jejunum
17. Pancreas: 18: Accessory pancreatic duct, 19: Pancreatic duct.
20–21: Right and left kidneys (silhouette).

The anterior border of the liver is lifted upwards (brown arrow). Gallbladder with Longitudinal section, pancreas and duodenum with frontal one. Intrahepatic ducts and stomach in transparency.

The common bile duct (ductus choledochus) is a tube-like anatomic structure in the human gastrointestinal tract. It is formed by the union of the common hepatic duct and the cystic duct (from the gall bladder). It is later joined by the pancreatic duct to form the ampulla of Vater. There, the two ducts are surrounded by the muscular sphincter of Oddi.

When the sphincter of Oddi is closed, newly synthesized bile from the liver is forced into storage in the gall bladder. When open, the stored and concentrated bile exits into the duodenum. This conduction of bile is the main function of the common bile duct. The hormone cholecystokinin, when stimulated by a fatty meal, promotes bile secretion by increased production of hepatic bile, contraction of the gall bladder, and relaxation of the Sphincter of Oddi.

Several problems can arise within the common bile duct. If clogged by a gallstone, a condition called choledocholithiasis can result. In this clogged state, the duct is especially vulnerable to an infection called ascending cholangitis. Very rare deformities of the common bile duct are cystic dilations (4 cm), choledochoceles (cystic dilation of the ampula of Vater (3–8 cm), and biliary atresia.

Additional images

Dilatation of CBD due to Ampullary tumor.
The gall-bladder and bile ducts laid open.
Region of pancreas
The celiac ganglia with the sympathetic plexuses of the head viscera radiating from the ganglia.
Horizontal disposition of the peritoneum in the upper part of the abdomen.
Interior of the descending portion of the duodenum, showing bile papilla.
Inferior surface of the liver.
The pancreas and duodenum from behind.
The pancreatic duct.
The portal vein and its tributaries.
Liver and gallbladder

S.E.Miederer et al.:Endoscopic transpapillary splitting of a choledochocele. Dtsch Med. Wochenschr. 1978 Feb.3:103(5):216,219. PMID 631041

External links

Anatomy figure: 38:06-08 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center - "The gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts."
SUNY Anatomy Image 8336
SUNY Anatomy Image 7957
liver at The Anatomy Lesson by Wesley Norman (Georgetown University) (biliarysystem)

UpToDate Contents

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1. 総胆管結石除去のための内視鏡的バルーン拡張術 endoscopic balloon dilatation for removal of bile duct stones
2. 腹腔鏡下胆嚢摘出術の合併症の内視鏡管理 endoscopic management of complications from laparoscopic cholecystectomy
3. オッディ括約筋機能不全の臨床症状よび診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of sphincter of oddi dysfunction
4. オッディ括約筋機能不全の治療 treatment of sphincter of oddi dysfunction
5. 総胆管括約筋切開の標準手技：最前線 standard biliary sphincterotomy technique the cutting edge

English Journal

Stepwise approach to curative surgery using percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage and portal vein embolization for severe bile duct injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a case report.

Honmyo N1, Kuroda S2, Kobayashi T1, Ishiyama K1, Ide K1, Tahara H1, Ohira M1, Ohdan H1.
Surgical case reports.Surg Case Rep.2016 Dec;2(1):27. doi: 10.1186/s40792-016-0154-5. Epub 2016 Mar 17.
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has been recently adapted to acute cholecystitis. Major bile duct injury during LC, especially Strasberg-Bismuth classification type E, can be a critical problem sometimes requiring hepatectomy. Safety and definitive treatment without further morbidities, such as po
PMID 26989053

One-step surgery for acute ischemia of the jejunal loop after pancreatoduodenectomy: report of a case.

Kayashima H1, Maeda T2, Harada N2, Masuda T2, Ohmine T2, Yamaguchi S2, Matsuyama A2, Hamatake M2, Tsutsui S2, Matsuda H2.
Surgical case reports.Surg Case Rep.2016 Dec;2(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s40792-016-0153-6. Epub 2016 Mar 14.
BACKGROUND: Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is an extensive surgery, and its complications are grave. Acute ischemia of the jejunal loop due to thrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein (SMV) and its branches is one of the most dangerous complications that, although rare, if left untreated leads to abdo
PMID 26976614

Exogenous estrogen and the risk of biliary tract cancer - a population-based study in a cohort of Swedish men treated for prostate cancer.

Kilander C1, Mattsson F1, Lu Y1, Ljung R2, Lagergren J1,3, Sadr-Azodi O2,4,5.
Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden).Acta Oncol.2016 Jul;55(7):846-50. doi: 10.3109/0284186X.2015.1131333. Epub 2016 May 13.
BACKGROUND: To assess the role of exogenous estrogen in the etiology of biliary tract cancer, a nationwide population-based cohort study in Sweden was performed.METHODS: The study included all men in Sweden with prostate cancer diagnosed in 1961-2008. Due to treatment standards, patients diagnosed i
PMID 27173637

Japanese Journal

Lemmel症候群の経過観察中に発生した中部胆管癌の1例

竹中能文,大森泰,吉野肇一
消化器内視鏡の進歩：Progress of Digestive Endoscopy 43(0), 288-291, 1993
　症例は77歳の男性で，糖尿病の既往がある。心窩部痛，嘔気，嘔吐，タール便を主訴に来院し，閉塞性黄疸の出現で，経皮経肝胆囊ドレナージ術（PTGBD）を施行した。ERCPの際に傍乳頭憩室を認め，精査上他に著変を認めなかったことから，Lemmel症候群と診断した。抗生剤投与で改善した。約2年5ヵ月後に再度閉塞性黄疸で来院した。Lemmel症候群再発と考えてPTGBDを施行したが，減黄されず，経皮経肝胆 …
NAID 130005088739

家兎における日本産およびアメリカ産肝蛭の実験的感染

河野潤一 [他],木村重,清水晃,宇治達哉
神戸大学農学部研究報告 19(2), 171-182, 1991-01
日本産およびアメリカ産肝蛭メタセルカリアを家兎に感染させ,肝蛭寄生分布状況,回収虫体の外部形態,虫卵排出時期,沈降抗体検出時期,血液性状,血清生化学的性状,肝病変について比較検討した。1. 日本産肝蛭感染群では急性症状を呈し,斃死するものが多かった。一方,アメリカ産肝蛭感染群では日本産肝蛭感染群に比べて寄生肝蛭数が多かったのにもかかわらず,ほとんどのものが慢性に経過し,斃死するものが少なかった。2 …
NAID 110000410512

ブロイラーにおける膵萎縮を伴った発育不良症候群の病理学的所見

恒吉守,篠原京子,谷川幸敬,浜口定男,土屋博義,長友純士,日高穣次
日本獣医師会雑誌 42(2), 104-107, 1989
1986年から1987年にかけて, 宮崎県で膵萎縮を伴った発育不良症候群が発生した. 野外例9群 (このうち2群は同一群) 95羽と, この疾病の発生が予想された1群の経時的観察例28羽について, 病理学的検査を実施した. 剖検では, 野外例95羽中約91.6%に膵萎縮を認め, 経時的観察例では1羽に膵萎縮を認めた. 組織学的には, 野外例の膵臓で腺房の萎縮と管腔の拡張, 間質の腺維増殖リンパ濾胞 …
NAID 130003847806