WordNet

a salt of phosphoric acid (同)orthophosphate, inorganic_phosphate
carbonated drink with fruit syrup and a little phosphoric acid
a white metallic element that burns with a brilliant light; the fifth most abundant element in the earths crust; an important component of most plants and animals (同)Ca, atomic number 20
a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe (同)H, atomic number 1

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〈U〉リン酸塩 / 《複数形で》リン酸肥料
『カルシウム』(金属元素;化学記号は『Ca』)
『水素』(化学記号は『H』)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/03/17 14:53:57」(JST)

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Dicalcium phosphate is a misnomer for dibasic calcium phosphate. Its chemical formula is CaHPO₄. Hence the name "dicalcium" is incorrect. The correct names of this material are dibasic calcium phosphate or calcium monohydrogen phosphate. There are three crystalline forms: a dihydrate, CaHPO₄•2H₂O ('DPCD'), the mineral brushite; a hemihydrate, CaHPO₄•0.5H₂O; and anhydrous CaHPO₄ ('DCPA'), the mineral monetite. Below pH 4.8 the dihydrate and anhydrous forms of dibasic calcium phosphate are the most stable (insoluble) of the calcium phosphates. Dibasic calcium phosphate is used as a food additive, it is found in some toothpastes as a polishing agent and is a biomaterial.^[1]^[2] In the dihydrate (brushite) form it is found in some kidney stones and in dental calculi.^[3]^[4]

Preparation

Dibasic calcium phosphate is produced by the reaction of calcium chloride and phosphoric acid:^{[citation needed]}

CaCl₂ + H₃PO₄ + 2 NaOH → CaHPO₄ + 2 NaCl + 2 H₂O

Calcium hydroxide is also used in place of the calcium chloride and sodium hydroxide. The room temperature neutralisation of phosphoric acid with calcium hydroxide at pH 3-4 precipitates the dihydrate. At 60°C the anhydrous form is precipitated:^[4]

H₃PO₄ + Ca(OH)₂ → CaHPO₄

One industrial preparation of the dihydrate involves the reaction of H₃PO₄ with a slurry of Ca(OH)₂ below 40°C. To prevent degradation that would form hydroxyapatite, Sodium pyrophosphate or trimagnesium phosphate octahydrate are added when for example, dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate is to be used as a polishing agent in toothpaste.^[1]

Anhydrous CaHPO₄ is an intermediate in the production of halophosphate phosphors that were used in fluorescent lamps. In a continuous process CaCl₂ was reacted with (NH₄)₂HPO₄ to form the dihydrate, CaHPO₄•2H₂O.

CaCl₂ + (NH₄)2HPO₄ → CaHPO₄•2H₂O

A slurry of the dihydrate is then heated to around 65–70°C to form anhydrous CaHPO₄ as a crystalline precipitate in the desired form, (typically a flat diamond shaped crystal, 7-9 μm), which was suitable for further processing.^[5]

Dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate is formed in "brushite" calcium phosphate cements (CPC's) which have medical applications. An example of the overall setting reaction in the formation of "β-TCP/MCPM" (β-tricalcium phosphate/monocalcium phosphate) calcium phosphate cements is:^[6]

Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + Ca(H₂PO₄)₂•H₂O + 7 H₂O → 4 CaHPO₄•2H₂O

Uses

Dibasic calcium phosphate is mainly used as a dietary supplement in prepared breakfast cereals, dog treats, enriched flour, and noodle products. It is also used as a tableting agent in some pharmaceutical preparations, including some products meant to eliminate body odor. Dibasic calcium phosphate is also found in some dietary calcium supplements (e.g. Bonexcin). It is used in poultry feed. It is also used in some toothpastes as a tartar control agent.^[7]

References

^ ^a ^b Corbridge, D. (1995). "Chapter 3: Phosphates". Studies in inorganic Chemistry vol. 20. Elsevier Science B.V. pp. 169–305. ISBN 0-444-89307-5. Retrieved January 30, 2015. – via ScienceDirect (Subscription may be required or content may be available in libraries.)
^ Salinas, Antonio J.; Vallet-Regi, Maria (2013). "Bioactive ceramics: from bone grafts to tissue engineering". RSC Advances (Royal Society of Chemistry) 3 (28): 11116–11131. doi:10.1039/C3RA00166K. Retrieved 15 February 2015. (subscription required (help)).
^ Pak, Charles Y.C, Poindexter, John R, Adams-Huet, Beverley, Pearle, Margaret S (July 2003). "Predictive value of kidney stone composition in the detection of metabolic abnormalities". The American Journal of Medicine 115 (1): 26– 2. doi:10.1016/S0002-9343(03)00201-8. ISSN 0002-9343. – via ScienceDirect (Subscription may be required or content may be available in libraries.)
^ ^a ^b Rey, C.; Combes, C.; Drouet, C.; Grossin, D. (2011). "1.111 - Bioactive Ceramics: Physical Chemistry". In Ducheyne, Paul. Comprehensive Biomaterials 1. Elsevier. pp. 187–281. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-055294-1.00178-1. ISBN 978-0-08-055294-1. – via ScienceDirect (Subscription may be required or content may be available in libraries.)
^ Ropp, R.C. (2013). "Chapter 4 - Group 15 (N, P, As, Sb and Bi) Alkaline Earth Compounds". Encyclopedia of the Alkaline Earth Compounds 1. Elsevier. doi:10.1016/B978-0-444-59550-8.00004-1. ISBN 978-0-444-59550-8. – via ScienceDirect (Subscription may be required or content may be available in libraries.)
^ Tamimi, Faleh; Sheikh, Zeeshan; Barralet, Jake (February 2012). "Dicalcium phosphate cements: Brushite and monetite". Acta Biomaterialia 8 (2): 474–484. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2011.08.005. ISSN 1742-7061. – via ScienceDirect (Subscription may be required or content may be available in libraries.)
^ Klaus Schrödter, Gerhard Bettermann, Thomas Staffel, Friedrich Wahl, Thomas Klein, Thomas Hofmann "Phosphoric Acid and Phosphates" in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2008, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a19_465.pub3

UpToDate Contents

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1. 成人における再発性カルシウム結石の予防 prevention of recurrent calcium stones in adults
2. 成人におけるカルシウム結石の危険因子 risk factors for calcium stones in adults
3. 低リン血症の原因 causes of hypophosphatemia
4. 腎結石分析の解釈 interpretation of kidney stone analysis
5. Chapter 11A：腎臓での水排泄 chapter 11a renal hydrogen excretion

English Journal

The impact of chirality on the development of robust and stable tablet formulation of (S-) amlodipine besylate.

Hadžidedić S1, Uzunović A, Sehić Jazić S, Kocova El-Arini S.
Pharmaceutical development and technology.Pharm Dev Technol.2014 Dec;19(8):930-41. doi: 10.3109/10837450.2013.840847. Epub 2013 Oct 7.
The aim of this study was to compare the specific characteristics of the S-enantiomer and the racemate of amlodipine besylate (AB) in order to design a robust and stable formulation of the active S-enantiomer which will guarantee continuous performance of the unichiral version of amlodipine. Preform
PMID 24099553

The impact of roller compaction and tablet compression on physicomechanical properties of pharmaceutical excipients.

Iyer RM1, Hegde S, Dinunzio J, Singhal D, Malick W.
Pharmaceutical development and technology.Pharm Dev Technol.2014 Aug;19(5):583-92. doi: 10.3109/10837450.2013.813541. Epub 2013 Aug 14.
Material properties play a significant role in pharmaceutical processing. The impact of roller compaction (RC) and tablet compression on solid fraction (SF), tensile strength (TS) and flexural modulus (FM) of Avicel DG [co-processed excipient with 75% microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) and 25% anhydro
PMID 23941645

Why is mannitol becoming more and more popular as a pharmaceutical excipient in solid dosage forms?

Ohrem HL1, Schornick E, Kalivoda A, Ognibene R.
Pharmaceutical development and technology.Pharm Dev Technol.2014 May;19(3):257-62. doi: 10.3109/10837450.2013.775154. Epub 2013 Mar 26.
Various fillers/binders which are applied for the formulation of solid oral dosage forms are assessed for their benefits and drawbacks, including lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose and calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate. A focus of this work was to evaluate the application of
PMID 23528124

Japanese Journal

A-7 炭酸カルシウム連通多孔体の作製とその病理組織学的検索(大学院生部門,研究奨励賞応募口頭発表,第66回日本歯科理工学会学術講演会)

日本歯科理工学会誌 34(5), 320, 2015-09-15
NAID 110009985284

P-9 α-TCP/Te-CPセメントの根管充填用シーラーへの応用 : 病理組織学的評価(セメント,一般講演(ポスター発表),第65回日本歯科理工学会学術講演会)

日本歯科理工学会誌 34(2), 80, 2015-03-25
NAID 110009923872

リン酸カルシウム系ペーストの歯質ケア材としての有用性

日本歯科保存学雑誌 58(3), 200-211, 2015
NAID 130005086793

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「リン酸水素カルシウム」「dicalcium phosphate anhydrous」「dibasic calcium phosphate」「anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate」
関連記事	「phosphate」「calcium」

「リン酸水素カルシウム」

Dicalcium phosphate
Names
	IUPAC name Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate
	Other names Calcium monohydrogen phosphate; Phosphoric acid, calcium salt (1:1)
Identifiers
CAS Number	7757-93-9 ; 7789-77-7 (dihydrate)
ChemSpider	94606
Jmol interactive 3D	Image
PubChem	104805
UNII	L11K75P92J
	InChI InChI=1S/Ca.H3O4P.2H2O/c;1-5(2,3)4;;/h;(H3,1,2,3,4);21H2/q+2;;;/p-2 Key: XAAHAAMILDNBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L ; InChI=1/Ca.H3O4P.2H2O/c;1-5(2,3)4;;/h;(H3,1,2,3,4);21H2/q+2;;;/p-2 Key: XAAHAAMILDNBPS-NUQVWONBAM ;
	SMILES O.O.OP(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ca+2] ;
Properties
Chemical formula	CaHPO4
Molar mass	136.06 g/mol (anhydrous); 172.09 (dihydrate)
Appearance	white powder
Odor	odorless
Density	2.929 g/cm3 (anhydrous); 2.31 g/cm3 (dihydrate)
Melting point	decomposes
Solubility in water	0.02 g/100 mL (anhydrous); 0.02 g/100 mL (dihydrate)
Structure
Crystal structure	triclinic
Hazards
NFPA 704	0 1 0
Flash point	Non-flammable
Related compounds
Other anions	Calcium pyrophosphate
Other cations	Magnesium phosphate; Monocalcium phosphate; Tricalcium phosphate; Strontium phosphate
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references