WordNet
- fruit consisting of many individual small fruits or drupes derived from separate ovaries within a common receptacle: e.g. blackberry; raspberry; pineapple (同)multiple fruit, syncarp
- material such as sand or gravel used with cement and water to make concrete, mortar, or plaster
- a sum total of many heterogenous things taken together (同)congeries, conglomeration
- composed of a dense cluster of separate units such as carpels or florets or drupelets; "raspberries are aggregate fruits"
- formed of separate units gathered into a mass or whole; "aggregate expenses include expenses of all divisions combined for the entire year"; "the aggregated amount of indebtedness" (同)aggregated, aggregative, mass
- gather in a mass, sum, or whole (同)combine
- amount in the aggregate to
- cause to bear fruit
- the ripened reproductive body of a seed plant
- the consequence of some effort or action; "he lived long enough to see the fruit of his policies"
- bear fruit; "the trees fruited early this year"
- capable of bearing fruit
PrepTutorEJDIC
- …'を'集める / 総計(…に)なる《+『to』+『名』》 / 集まった,総計の / 集合体 / 〈U〉〈C〉(砂利など)骨材 / 《the ~》総計,総額
- 〈U〉〈C〉『果物』,(植物の)実,果実 / 《複数形で》『農作物』(果物・穀物・野菜など) / 〈U〉〈C〉《しばしば複数形で》『成果』,結果 / 実を結ぶ
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/10/01 17:31:38」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
A raspberry fruit (shown with a raspberry beetle larva) is an aggregate fruit, an aggregate of drupelets
The fruit of an
Aquilegia flower is one fruit that forms from several ovaries of one flower, and it is an aggregate of follicles. However, because the follicles are not fused to one another, it is not considered an aggregate fruit
An aggregate fruit or etaerio or etario is a fruit that develops from the merger of several ovaries that were separate in a single flower.[1] In contrast, a simple fruit develops from one ovary. In languages other than English, the meanings of aggregate and multiple fruit are reversed, so that aggregate fruits merge several flowers.[2] The differences in meaning are due to a reversal in the terminology by John Lindley, which has been followed by most English-language authors.[2][3]
Not all flowers with multiple ovaries form aggregate fruit; the ovaries of some flowers do not become tightly joined together to make a larger fruit. Aggregate fruits may also be accessory fruits, in which parts of the flower other than the ovary become fleshy and form part of the fruit.
The individual parts of an aggregate fruit come in many forms. Common examples are:
- drupelets:
- Raspberry
- Dewberry and blackberry, also an accessory fruit, with a fleshy receptacle
- achenes:
- Strawberry, also an accessory fruit, with a fleshy receptacle
- Ranunculus
- follicles:
- samaras:
A custard apple fruit forms from the pistils and receptacle of one flower
The components of other aggregate fruit are more difficult to define. For example, custard apple (Annona spp.) fruit are made up of individual berry-like pistils fused with the receptacle.[4]
See also
- Multiple fruit, a structure formed from the ovaries of several flowers, that can resemble an aggregate fruit
- Compound fruit, a term sometimes used when it is not clear whether a fruit is an aggregate fruit, a multiple fruit, or a simple fruit formed from a compound ovary
- Carpel, the "building blocks" of the ovary
References
- ^ Hickey, M.; King, C. (2001). The Cambridge Illustrated Glossary of Botanical Terms. translated by. Cambridge University Press.
- ^ a b Spjut, R.; Thieret, J. (1989). "Confusion between multiple and aggregate fruits". The Botanical Review 55 (1): 53–72. doi:10.1007/bf02868781.
- ^ Beentje, H.; Williamson, J. (2010). The Kew Plant Glossary: an Illustrated Dictionary of Plant Terms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Kew Publishing.
- ^ Janick, J.; Paull, R.E. (2008). The Encyclopedia of Fruit and Nuts. CABI. ISBN 9780851996387.
Types of fruits
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Types of fruits |
- Achene
- Berry (modified berries: Hesperidium
- Pepo)
- Capsule
- Caryopsis
- Drupe
- Follicle
- Legume
- Loment
- Nut
- Pome
- Samara
- Schizocarp
- Silique
- Syconium
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Categories of fruits |
- Accessory fruit
- Simple fruit
- Compound fruit
- Aggregate fruit
- Multiple fruit
- Dehiscent fruit
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Function |
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Wholegrain oat-based cereals have prebiotic potential and low glycaemic index.
- Connolly ML, Tuohy KM, Lovegrove JA.SourceDepartment of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, UK.
- The British journal of nutrition.Br J Nutr.2012 Dec 28;108(12):2198-206. doi: 10.1017/S0007114512000281. Epub 2012 Feb 24.
- Population studies show a positive association between increased dietary intake of wholegrains and reduced risk of cardiometabolic disorders. Consumption of wholegrain food has been associated with lower blood glucose and therefore may contribute to a low-glycaemic load diet. The ability to mediate
- PMID 22360862
- Polyphenols can Inhibit Furin In-Vitro As a Result of the Reactivity of their Auto-Oxidation Products to Proteins.
- Zhu J, Van de Ven WJ, Verbiest T, Koeckelberghs G, Chen C, Cui Y, Vermorken AJ.SourceLaboratory for Molecular Oncology, Department for Human Genetics, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, box 602, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. fons.vermorken@med.kuleuven.be.
- Current medicinal chemistry.Curr Med Chem.2012 Dec 10. [Epub ahead of print]
- Methods using fluorogenic peptide substrates have been proposed for screening of proprotein convertase (PC) inhibitors and they are attractive since they offer the advantage of being sensitive, cost-effective and susceptible to miniaturization. Several polyphenols, including epigallocatechin gallate
- PMID 23231348
- [Frugivory and seed dispersal Oenocarpus bataua palm (Arecaceae) in a forest from the Colombian Andes].
- Rojas-Robles R, Stiles FG, Muñoz-Saba Y.SourceDepartamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia carrera 45 No 26-85 Bogotá. mrrojasr@unal.edu.co
- Revista de biología tropical.Rev Biol Trop.2012 Dec;60(4):1445-61.
- Seed dispersal is a key process that determines the spatial structure and dynamics of populations of plants, establishes the potential area of recruitment and in this way, the basis for subsequent processes such as predation, germination, competition and growth. The purpose of this research was to i
- PMID 23342501
Japanese Journal
- 執行 みさと,竹馬 昂平,國武 久登,小松 春喜
- 園芸学研究 12(4), 335-342, 2013
- キイチゴ(Rubus spp.)は,果実中に含有されるフェノール化合物が健康維持に効果的と考えられることから注目されつつある果樹である.我が国にも多くの野生種が自生しているが,栽培されている品種のほとんどは欧米で改良されたものである.本研究では,野生種を園芸的に利用するための基礎的な知見を得るため,九州地方に自生するいくつかの野生種を収集し,育種素材としての評価を行った.栽培種はいずれも二倍体であ …
- NAID 130004476150
- Effects of Fe3+ and Zn2+ on the Structural and Thermodynamic Properties of a Soybean ASR Protein
- LI Ran-Hui,LIU Guo-Bao,WANG Hui,ZHENG Yi-Zhi
- Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 77(3), 475-481, 2013
- … Natively disordered in aqueous solution, GmASR remained disordered in the presence of Fe3+, but was found to aggregate in the presence of Zn2+. …
- NAID 130004054027
- 果実核炭化物の性質およびセメント系材料用骨材としての利用--果実核廃棄物の建築材料としての有効利用(その1)
Related Links
- aggregate fruit n. A fruit, such as a raspberry, consisting of many individual small fruits derived from separate ovaries within a single flower, borne together on a common receptacle. Thesaurus Antonyms Related Words Synonyms Legend:
- (āg'rĭ-gĭt) A fruit, such as a raspberry or a strawberry, that consists of multiple ripened ovaries of a single flower, borne together on a common receptacle. Compare accessory fruit, multiple fruit, simple fruit.
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 関
- agglomerate、agglutinate、agglutination、aggregation、assembly、clump、conglomerate
[★]
- 関
- agglomerative、agglutinative、aggregability、cohesive、massive
[★]
- 関
- berry、seed setting、set a seed
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- 関
- gregarious、gregariousness