アジュバント
WordNet
- an additive that enhances the effectiveness of medical treatment
- enhancing the action of a medical treatment; "the adjuvant action of certain bacteria"
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2012/11/30 13:51:23」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
An adjuvant (from Latin, adiuvare: to aid) is a pharmacological or immunological agent that modifies the effect of other agents, such as a drug or vaccine. They are often included in vaccines to enhance the recipient's immune response to a supplied antigen, while keeping the injected foreign material to a minimum.[1][2]
Contents
- 1 Immunologic adjuvants
- 1.1 Adjuvants as stabilizing agents
- 2 See also
- 3 References
- 4 External links
|
Immunologic adjuvants
Main article: Immunologic adjuvant
Immunologic adjuvants are added to vaccines to stimulate the immune system's response to the target antigen, but do not in themselves confer immunity. Adjuvants can act in various ways in presenting an antigen to the immune system. Adjuvants can act as a depot for the antigen, presenting the antigen over a long period of time, thus maximizing the immune response before the body clears the antigen. Examples of depot type adjuvants are oil emulsions. Adjuvants can also act as an irritant which causes the body to recruit and amplify its immune response.[3] A tetanus, diphtheria, and pertussis vaccine, for example, contains minute quantities of toxins produced by each of the target bacteria, but also contains some aluminium hydroxide.[4] Such aluminium salts are common adjuvants in vaccines sold in the United States and have been used in vaccines for over 70 years.[5] The body's immune system develops an antitoxin to the bacteria's toxins, not to the aluminium, but would not respond enough without the help of the aluminium adjuvant.
Adjuvants as stabilizing agents
Although immunological adjuvants have traditionally been viewed as substances that aid the immune response to antigen, adjuvants have also evolved as substances that can aid in stabilizing formulations of antigens, especially for vaccines administered for animal health.[3]
See also
- Adjuvant care
- Agricultural spray adjuvant
- Combination therapy
- Freund's adjuvant
- Immunologic adjuvant
- Inactivated vaccine
- Pharmaceutic adjuvant
References
- ^ "ABC News: Swine Flu Vaccine: What The Heck Is an Adjuvant, Anyway? (2009)". Abcnews.go.com. 2009-08-11. http://abcnews.go.com/Health/SwineFluNews/story?id=8296948. Retrieved 2010-06-14.
- ^ "Definition of immunological adjuvant -- NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms". www.cancer.gov. http://www.cancer.gov/dictionary/?CdrID=43987. Retrieved 2010-08-27.
- ^ a b "Adjuvants as stabilizing agents". Benchmark Biolabs, Inc.. http://benchmarkbiolabs.com/resources/about-adjuvants/. Retrieved 3 March 2011.
- ^ , GlaxoSmithKline, 2009
- ^ Clapp, Tanya; Siebert, Paul; Chen, Dexiang; Jones Braun, Latoya (2011). "Vaccines with aluminium-containing adjuvants: Optimizing vaccine efficacy and thermal stability". Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 100 (2): 388–401. doi:10.1002/jps.22284. PMID 20740674.
External links
- http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/adjuvant-therapy/CA00012
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Oral antigen exposure in newborn piglets circumvents induction of oral tolerance in response to intraperitoneal vaccination in later life.
- Pasternak JA1, Ng SH, Buchanan RM, Mertins S, Mutwiri GK, Gerdts V, Wilson HL.
- BMC veterinary research.BMC Vet Res.2015 Dec;11(1):350. doi: 10.1186/s12917-015-0350-8. Epub 2015 Mar 7.
- BACKGROUND: We previously determined that newborn piglets orally gavaged with Ovalbumin (OVA) responded to systemic OVA re-exposure with tolerance; if adjuvants were included in oral vaccine, piglets responded with antibody-mediated immunity (Vet Immunol Immunopathol 161(3-4):211-21, 2014). Here, we
- PMID 25779797
- Porous nanoparticles as delivery system of complex antigens for an effective vaccine against acute and chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection.
- Dimier-Poisson I1, Carpentier R2, N'Guyen TT3, Dahmani F2, Ducournau C3, Betbeder D2.
- Biomaterials.Biomaterials.2015 May;50:164-75. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.01.056. Epub 2015 Feb 19.
- Development of sub-unit mucosal vaccines requires the use of specific delivery systems or immune-modulators such as adjuvants to improve antigen immunogenicity. Nasal route for vaccine delivery by nanoparticles has attracted much interest but mechanisms triggering effective mucosal and systemic immu
- PMID 25736506
- Chemical-free inactivated whole influenza virus vaccine prepared by ultrashort pulsed laser treatment.
- Tsen SW1, Donthi N2, La V2, Hsieh WH2, Li YD3, Knoff J2, Chen A2, Wu TC4, Hung CF5, Achilefu S6, Tsen KT7.
- Journal of biomedical optics.J Biomed Opt.2015 May;20(5):051008. doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.20.5.051008.
- There is an urgent need for rapid methods to develop vaccines in response to emerging viral pathogens. Whole inactivated virus (WIV) vaccines represent an ideal strategy for this purpose; however, a universal method for producing safe and immunogenic inactivated vaccines is lacking. Conventional pat
- PMID 25423046
Japanese Journal
- 気管支喘息発症にまつわる環境ストレスと心身医学的側面(<特集>呼吸器領域における心身症研究と診療の動向)
- 丸岡 秀一郎,村上 正人
- 心身医学 53(2), 130-135, 2013-02-01
- アレルギー疾患の代表的疾患である気管支喘息は,さまざまな環境因子の影響を受けている.ハウスダストダニ抗原やゴキブリ抗原などに代表されるアレルゲンだけではなく,抗原性をもたない環境因子(細菌,オゾン,ディーゼル排気粒子,ウイルス感染,煙草など)も,その免疫賦活作用(アジュバント効果)により病態形成に関与していることが知られている.環境因子を介するエピジェネティクスは心理社会的ストレスも加味されてアレ …
- NAID 110009578586
- Baicalin From Scutellaria baicalensis Impairs Th1 Polarization Through Inhibition of Dendritic Cell Maturation
- Kim Mi Eun,Kim Hyung Keun,Park Hyeon-Young,Kim Dae Hyun,Chung Hae Young,Lee Jun Sik
- Journal of Pharmacological Sciences 121(2), 148-156, 2013
- … These findings provide important understanding of the immunopharmacological functions of baicalin and have ramifications for the development of therapeutic adjuvants for the treatment of DCs-related acute and chronic diseases. …
- NAID 130003362673
- Th2アジュバントとしての環境アレルゲンと黄色ブドウ球菌 : 経皮的Th2感作におけるバリア破壊と自然免疫応答
- 高井 敏朗
- Journal of environmental dermatology and cutaneous allergology = / the Japanese Society for Dermatoallergology and Contact Dermatitis 6(1), 8-13, 2012-01-31
- NAID 10030440954
Related Links
- An adjuvant (from Latin, adiuvare: to aid) is a pharmacological or immunological agent that modifies the effect of other agents, such as a drug or vaccine. They are often included in vaccines to enhance the recipient's immune response to a ...
Related Pictures





★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 助けとなるもの/人。(塗料などの)補助剤。(医)補助的手段、補助薬、佐薬、アジュバント。(免疫)抗原性補強薬
- 関
- (n.)adjunct 添加物、付属物