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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/03/21 18:00:34」(JST)
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Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1 |
Structure of HLA-DQA1 (cyan) complexed with HLA-DQB1 (green) and HCRT (magenta) based on PDB 1uvq. |
Available structures |
PDB |
Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB |
List of PDB id codes |
1JK8, 1S9V, 2NNA, 4GG6
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Identifiers |
Symbols |
HLA-DQA1; CD; CELIAC1; DQ-A1; GSE; HLA-DQA |
External IDs |
OMIM: 146880 MGI: 95895 HomoloGene: 123820 GeneCards: HLA-DQA1 Gene |
Gene Ontology |
Molecular function |
• MHC class II receptor activity
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Cellular component |
• Golgi membrane
• lysosomal membrane
• plasma membrane
• integral to plasma membrane
• endosome membrane
• ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane
• transport vesicle membrane
• endocytic vesicle membrane
• clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane
• trans-Golgi network membrane
• MHC class II protein complex
• integral to lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane
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Biological process |
• immune response
• cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
• antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II
• T cell costimulation
• T cell receptor signaling pathway
• interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway
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Sources: Amigo / QuickGO |
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RNA expression pattern |
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More reference expression data |
Orthologs |
Species |
Human |
Mouse |
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Entrez |
3117 |
14960 |
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Ensembl |
ENSG00000196735 |
ENSMUSG00000036594 |
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UniProt |
P01909 |
P01910 |
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RefSeq (mRNA) |
NM_002122 |
NM_010378 |
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RefSeq (protein) |
NP_002113 |
NP_034508 |
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Location (UCSC) |
Chr 6:
32.6 – 32.61 Mb |
Chr 17:
34.28 – 34.29 Mb |
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PubMed search |
[1] |
[2] |
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Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1, also known as HLA-DQA1, is a human gene present on short arm of chromosome 6 (6p21.3) and also denotes the genetic locus which contains this gene.[1] The protein encoded by this gene is one of two proteins that are required to form the DQ heterodimer, a cell surface receptor essential to the function of the immune system.
Contents
- 1 Function
- 2 Gene structure and polymorphisms
- 3 Alleles
- 4 See also
- 5 References
- 6 Further reading
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Function
HLA-DQA1 belongs to the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DQA) and a beta chain (DQB), both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen-presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages).[1]
Gene structure and polymorphisms
The alpha chain contains 5 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular protein domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DQ molecule both the alpha chain and the beta chain contain the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities, resulting in up to 4 different molecules. Typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow transplantation.[1][2]
Alleles
DQ1
There are four commonly encountered DQA1 alleles: DQA1*0101, *0102, *0103, *0104. These alleles are always found in haplotypes with HLA-DQB1*05 (DQ5) and HLA-DQB1*06 (DQ6). DQ1 is a serotype, rare among serotypes for human class II antigens, in that the antibodies to DQ1 react to the alpha chain of HLA DQ, these DQA1 allele gene products.
HLA-DQA1 alleles
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DQA1 |
linked DQB1 allele |
DQ1 |
*0101 |
*0501 |
*0301 |
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*0102 |
*0502 |
*0504 |
*0602 |
*0604 |
*0605 |
*0609 |
*0103 |
*0501 |
*0502 |
*0601 |
*0602 |
*0603 |
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*0104 |
*0501 |
*0503 |
*0602 |
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*0105 |
rare |
*0106 |
rare |
See haplotype table in HLA-DQ. Unbolded are rare haplotypes |
Link to haplotypes can be followed by DQB1 alleles |
Other
The other DQA1 alleles have no defined serotype. There are 5 groups, DQA1*02, *03, *04, *05, *06. DQA1 within these groups are either invariant or produce the same α-chain subunit. DQA1*02 and DQA1*06 contain only one allele. DQA1*03 has three alleles which each produce nearly identical α3. For DQA1*05, the DQA1*0501 and DQA1*0505 produce identical α5. Other DQA1*05 exist that produce variant α5var, but these are rare.
HLA-DQA1 alleles
DQA1 |
linked DQB1 allele |
*0201 |
*0202 |
*0303 |
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*0301 |
*0202 |
*0302 |
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*0302 |
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*0303 |
*0301 |
*0602 |
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*0401 |
*0303 |
*0401 |
*0402 |
*0501 |
*0201 |
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*0505 |
*0301 |
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*0601 |
*0301 |
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See haplotype table in HLA-DQ. Unbolded are rare haplotypes |
Link to haplotypes can be followed by DQB1 alleles |
See also
- Major histocompatibility complex
- Human leukocyte antigen
- HLA-DQ
References
- ^ a b c "Entrez Gene: HLA-DQA1 major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 1". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3117.
- ^ Lau M, Terasaki PI, Park MS (1994). "International Cell Exchange, 1994". Clin Transpl: 467–88. PMID 7547576.
Further reading
- Schmidt H, Williamson D, Ashley-Koch A (2007). "HLA-DR15 haplotype and multiple sclerosis: a HuGE review.". Am. J. Epidemiol. 165 (10): 1097–109. doi:10.1093/aje/kwk118. PMID 17329717.
- Marsh SG, Bodmer JG (1993). "HLA class II nucleotide sequences, 1992.". Tissue Antigens 40 (5): 229–43. doi:10.1111/j.1399-0039.1992.tb02050.x. PMID 1362295.
- Piatier-Tonneau D, Gastinel LN, Amblard F, et al. (1991). "Interaction of CD4 with HLA class II antigens and HIV gp120.". Immunogenetics 34 (2): 121–8. doi:10.1007/BF00211424. PMID 1869305.
- Rosenstein Y, Burakoff SJ, Herrmann SH (1990). "HIV-gp120 can block CD4-class II MHC-mediated adhesion.". J. Immunol. 144 (2): 526–31. PMID 1967269.
- Bowman MR, MacFerrin KD, Schreiber SL, Burakoff SJ (1991). "Identification and structural analysis of residues in the V1 region of CD4 involved in interaction with human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein gp120 and class II major histocompatibility complex molecules.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87 (22): 9052–6. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.22.9052. PMC 55099. PMID 1978941. //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC55099/.
- Lee KW, Johnson AH, Hurley CK (1990). "Two divergent routes of evolution gave rise to the DRw13 haplotypes.". J. Immunol. 145 (9): 3119–25. PMID 2212675.
- Todd JA, Fukui Y, Kitagawa T, Sasazuki T (1990). "The A3 allele of the HLA-DQA1 locus is associated with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in Japanese.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87 (3): 1094–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.3.1094. PMC 53417. PMID 2300572. //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC53417/.
- Kao HT, Gregersen PK, Tang JC, et al. (1989). "Molecular analysis of the HLA class II genes in two DRw6-related haplotypes, DRw13 DQw1 and DRw14 DQw3.". J. Immunol. 142 (5): 1743–7. PMID 2493052.
- Gyllensten UB, Erlich HA (1990). "Ancient roots for polymorphism at the HLA-DQ alpha locus in primates.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86 (24): 9986–90. doi:10.1073/pnas.86.24.9986. PMC 298627. PMID 2513578. //www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC298627/.
- Clayton LK, Sieh M, Pious DA, Reinherz EL (1989). "Identification of human CD4 residues affecting class II MHC versus HIV-1 gp120 binding.". Nature 339 (6225): 548–51. doi:10.1038/339548a0. PMID 2543930.
- Jonsson AK, Andersson L, Rask L (1989). "Complete sequences of DQA1 and DQB1 cDNA clones corresponding to the DQw4 specificity.". Immunogenetics 30 (3): 232–4. doi:10.1007/BF02421214. PMID 2777341.
- Diamond DC, Sleckman BP, Gregory T, et al. (1988). "Inhibition of CD4+ T cell function by the HIV envelope protein, gp120.". J. Immunol. 141 (11): 3715–7. PMID 2846691.
- Turco E, Care A, Compagnone-Post P, et al. (1987). "Allelic forms of the alpha- and beta-chain genes encoding DQw1-positive heterodimers.". Immunogenetics 26 (4–5): 282–90. doi:10.1007/BF00346523. PMID 2888727.
- Hurley CK, Gregersen P, Steiner N, et al. (1988). "Polymorphism of the HLA-D region in American blacks. A DR3 haplotype generated by recombination". J. Immunol. 140 (3): 885–92. PMID 2892884.
- Jonsson AK, Hyldig-Nielsen JJ, Servenius B, et al. (1987). "Class II genes of the human major histocompatibility complex. Comparisons of the DQ and DX alpha and beta genes". J. Biol. Chem. 262 (18): 8767–77. PMID 3036828.
- Liu CP, Bach FH, Wu SK (1988). "Molecular studies of a rare DR2/LD-5a/DQw3 HLA class II haplotype. Multiple genetic mechanisms in the generation of polymorphic HLA class II genes". J. Immunol. 140 (10): 3631–9. PMID 3129499.
- Lock CB, So AK, Welsh KI, et al. (1988). "MHC class II sequences of an HLA-DR2 narcoleptic". Immunogenetics 27 (6): 449–55. doi:10.1007/BF00364432. PMID 3259543.
- Horn GT, Bugawan TL, Long CM, et al. (1988). "Sequence analysis of HLA class II genes from insulin-dependent diabetic individuals". Hum. Immunol. 21 (4): 249–63. doi:10.1016/0198-8859(88)90034-1. PMID 3372263.
- Andrieu JM, Even P, Venet A (1986). "AIDS and related syndromes as a viral-induced autoimmune disease of the immune system: an anti-MHC II disorder. Therapeutic implications". AIDS research 2 (3): 163–74. doi:10.1089/aid.1.1986.2.163. PMID 3489470.
- Schiffenbauer J, Didier DK, Klearman M, et al. (1987). "Complete sequence of the HLA DQ alpha and DQ beta cDNA from a DR5/DQw3 cell line". J. Immunol. 139 (1): 228–33. PMID 3584986.
PDB gallery
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1jk8: Crystal structure of a human insulin peptide-HLA-DQ8 complex
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1s9v: Crystal structure of HLA-DQ2 complexed with deamidated gliadin peptide
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1uvq: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HLA-DQ0602 IN COMPLEX WITH A HYPOCRETIN PEPTIDE
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Surface antigens
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Major histocompatibility complex/
Human leukocyte antigen |
MHC class I |
- HLA-A
- HLA-B
- HLA-C
- HLA-E
- HLA-F
- HLA-G
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MHC class II |
- HLA-DM
- HLA-DO
- HLA-DP
- HLA-DQ
- HLA-DR
- Minor histocompatibility antigen
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Other |
- Arrestin
- Calgranulin
- Blood group antigens
- Cell adhesion molecules
- Differentiation antigens
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cell/phys/auag/auab/comp, igrc
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- HLA class II alleles may influence susceptibility to adult dermatomyositis and polymyositis in a Han Chinese population.
- Gao X, Han L, Yuan L, Yang Y, Gou G, Sun H, Lu L1, Bao L.
- BMC dermatology.BMC Dermatol.2014 Jun 4;14(1):9. doi: 10.1186/1471-5945-14-9.
- BACKGROUND: Polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) are idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. Genetic variability in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PM and DM. However, few studies on the subject in Chinese populations have been reported thus far.M
- PMID 24894810
- HLA-DQA1 and HLA-DQB1 genes in Tsachilas Indians from Ecuador: new insights in population analysis by Human Leukocyte Antigens.
- Iorio A1, De Angelis F, Garzoli A, Battistini A, De Stefano GF.
- International journal of immunogenetics.Int J Immunogenet.2014 Jun;41(3):222-30. doi: 10.1111/iji.12116. Epub 2014 Apr 29.
- Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) loci are widely known for their role in the generation of immune responses and are often considered to be effective in reconstructing human relationships. This is due to the high degree of polymorphism and the rarity of recombination observed at HLA loci. In this study,
- PMID 24775353
- Allele and haplotype frequencies for HLA-DQ in Iranian celiac disease patients.
- Rostami-Nejad M, Romanos J, Rostami K, Ganji A, Ehsani-Ardakani MJ, Bakhshipour AR, Zojaji H, Mohebbi SR, Zali MR, Wijmenga C.
- World journal of gastroenterology : WJG.World J Gastroenterol.2014 May 28;20(20):6302-8. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i20.6302.
- AIM: To assess the distribution of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ2 and -DQ8 in Iranian celiac disease (CD) patients and compare them to healthy Iranian controls.METHODS: To predict the HLA-DQA1 and -DQB1 genes, we used six previously reported HLA-tagging single nucleotide polymorphism to determine
- PMID 24876751
Japanese Journal
- Association of HLA and post-schistosomal hepatic disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Huy Nguyen Tien,Hamada Mohamed,Kikuchi Mihoko,Lan Nguyen Thi Phuong,Yasunami Michio,Zamora Javier,Hirayama Kenji
- Parasitology International 60(4), 347-356, 2011-12-00
- … Several human genetic variants, HLA antigens and alleles are reportedly linked to post-schistosomal hepatic disorder (PSHD), but the results from these reports are highly inconclusive. … In order to estimate overall associations between human genetic variants, HLA antigens, HLA alleles and PSHD, we systematically reviewed and performed a meta-analysis of relevant studies in both post-schistosomal hepatic disorder and post-schistosomal non-hepatic disorder patients. …
- NAID 120003290119
- Association of HLA-DQA1 and DQB1 alleles with keloids in Chinese Hans
- LU Wen-Sheng,WANG Jian-Feng,YANG Sen,XIAO Feng-Li,QUAN Cheng,CHENG Hui,WANG Pei-Guang,ZHANG An-Ping,CAI Li-Qiong,ZHANG Xue-Jun
- Journal of dermatological science 52(2), 108-117, 2008-11-01
- NAID 10024457511
Related Links
- The HLA-DQA1 gene provides instructions for making a protein that plays a critical role in the immune system. The HLA-DQA1 gene is part of a family of genes called the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex. The ...
- HLA-DQA1 (DNAタイピング)のページです。インスリン依存型糖尿病(IDDM)は,HLAクラスⅡと発症の関係が注目されており,DQA1とより密な相関があるといわれており,疾患感受性関連の検査として意義がある.
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
[★]
[★]
ヒト白血球抗原 human leukocyte antigen
[★]
- 同
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