放線菌属
WordNet
- filamentous anaerobic bacteria (同)family Actinomycetaceae
- type genus of the family Actinomycetaceae
- soil-inhabiting saprophytes and disease-producing plant and animal parasites
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/01/20 14:05:58」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| Actinomyces |
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| Scanning electron micrograph of Actinomyces israelii. |
| Scientific classification |
| Domain: |
Bacteria |
| Phylum: |
Actinobacteria |
| Class: |
Actinobacteria |
| Order: |
Actinomycetales |
| Family: |
Actinomycetaceae |
| Genus: |
Actinomyces
Harz 1877 |
| Species |
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A. bovis
A. bowdenii
A. canis
A. cardiffensis
A. catuli
A. coleocanis
A. dentalis
A. denticolens
A. europaeus
A. funkei
A. georgiae
A. gerencseriae
A. graevenitzii
A. hongkongensis
A. hordeovulneris
A. howellii
A. humiferus
A. hyovaginalis
A. israelii
A. marimammalium
A. meyeri
A. naeslundii
A. nasicola
A. neuii
A. odontolyticus
A. oricola
A. radicidentis
A. radingae
A. slackii
A. streptomycini
A. suimastitidis
A. suis
A. turicensis
A. urogenitalis
A. vaccimaxillae
A. viscosus
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Actinomyces (from Greek "actis" ray, beam and "mykes" mucus, fungus) is a genus of the actinobacteria class of bacteria. They are all Gram-positive. Actinomyces are facultatively anaerobic (except A. meyeri, a strict anaerobe). All species grow best under anaerobic conditions. Actinomyces species do not form endospores, and, while individual bacteria are rod-shaped, Actinomyces colonies form fungus-like branched networks of hyphae.[1] The aspect of these colonies initially led to the incorrect assumption that the organism was a fungus and to the name "Actinomyces" or ray fungus.
Actinomyces are known for causing disease in humans, and for the important role they play in soil ecology. They produce a number of enzymes that help degrade organic plant material, lignin, and chitin. As such, their presence is important in the formation of compost.
Contents
- 1 Genomics
- 2 Pathology
- 3 Additional images
- 4 References
- 5 External links
Genomics[edit]
Phylogenetic trees based on 16S rRNA sequences have shown that the genus Actinomyces is quite diverse, exhibiting polyphyletic branching into several clusters. The genera Actinomyces and Mobiluncus form a monophyletic clade in a phylogenetic tree constructed using RpoB, RpoC and DNA Gyrase B protein sequences. This clade is also strongly supported by a conserved signature indel consisting of a 3 amino acid insertion in isoleucine tRNA synthetase found only in the species of the genera Actinomyces and Mobiluncus.[2]
Pathology[edit]
Actinomyces species are normally present in the gums and are the most common cause of infection in dental procedures and oral abscesses. Many Actinomyces species are opportunistic pathogens of humans and other mammals, particularly in the oral cavity.[3] In rare cases, these bacteria can cause actinomycosis, a disease characterized by the formation of abscesses in the mouth, lungs, or the gastrointestinal tract.[4] Actinomycosis is most frequently caused by Actinomyces israelii. A. israelii may also cause endocarditis, though the resulting symptoms may be similar to those resulting from infections by other bacterial species.[5][6] Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has been identified as being of note in periodontal disease.
Additional images[edit]
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Micrograph of actinomycosis, H&E stain
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Micrograph of actinomycosis, GMS stain
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Micrograph of actinomycosis, Gram stain
References[edit]
- ^ Holt JG (editor) (1994). Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (9th ed.). Williams & Wilkins. ISBN 0-683-00603-7.
- ^ Gao, B.; Gupta, R. S. (2012). "Phylogenetic Framework and Molecular Signatures for the Main Clades of the Phylum Actinobacteria". Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews 76 (1): 66–112. doi:10.1128/MMBR.05011-11. PMC 3294427. PMID 22390973. edit
- ^ Madigan M; Martinko J (editors). (2005). Brock Biology of Microorganisms (11th ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN 0-13-144329-1.
- ^ Bowden GHW (1996). Actinomycosis in: Baron's Medical Microbiology (Baron S et al., eds.) (4th ed.). Univ of Texas Medical Branch. (via NCBI Bookshelf) ISBN 0-9631172-1-1.
- ^ Lam, S; Samraj, J; Rahman, S; Hilton, E (April 1993). "Primary actinomycotic endocarditis: case report and review.". Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America 16 (4): 481–5. PMID 8513051.
- ^ Adalja, AA; Vergis, EN (August 2010). "Actinomyces israelii endocarditis misidentified as "Diptheroids".". Anaerobe 16 (4): 472–3. PMID 20493959.
External links[edit]
- Actinomyces naeslundii MG1 Genome Page
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Prokaryotes: Bacteria classification (phyla and orders)
|
|
- Domain: Archaea – Bacteria – Eukaryota
|
|
G-/
OM |
Terra-/
Glidobacteria
(BV1) |
|
Eobacteria
|
- Deinococcus-Thermus
- Chloroflexi
- Anaerolineales
- Caldilineales
- Chloroflexales
- Herpetosiphonales
- Dehalococcoidales
- Ktedonobacterales
- Thermogemmatisporales
- Thermomicrobiales
- Sphaerobacterales
|
|
|
other glidobacteria
|
- Thermodesulfobacteria
- thermophiles
- Cyanobacteria
|
|
|
|
Proteobacteria
(BV2)
|
|
Alpha
|
- Caulobacterales
- Kiloniellales
- Kordiimonadales
- Magnetococcales
- Parvularculales
- Rhizobiales
- Rhodobacterales
- Rhodospirillales
- Rickettsiales
- Sneathiellales
- Sphingomonadales
|
|
|
Beta
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- Burkholderiales
- Hydrogenophilales
- Methylophilales
- Neisseriales
- Nitrosomonadales
- Procabacteriales
- Rhodocyclales
|
|
|
Gamma
|
- Acidithiobacillales
- Aeromonadales
- Alteromonadales
- Cardiobacteriales
- Chromatiales
- Enterobacteriales
- Legionellales
- Methylococcales
- Oceanospirillales
- Orbales
- Pasteurellales
- Pseudomonadales
- Salinisphaerales
- Thiotrichales
- Vibrionales
- Xanthomonadales
|
|
|
Delta
|
- Bdellovibrionales
- Desulfarculales
- Desulfobacterales
- Desulfovibrionales
- Desulfurellales
- Desulfuromonadales
- Myxococcales
- Syntrophobacterales
- Syntrophorhabdales
|
|
|
Epsilon
|
- Campylobacterales
- Nautiliales
|
|
|
Zeta
|
|
|
|
|
BV4
|
|
Spirochaetes
|
|
|
|
Sphingobacteria
(FCB group)
|
- Fibrobacteres
- Chlorobi
- Chlorobiales
- Ignavibacteriales
- Bacteroidetes
- Bacteroidales
- Cytophagales
- Flavobacteriales
- Sphingobacteriales
|
|
|
Planctobacteria/
(PVC group)
|
- Chlamydiae
- Lentisphaerae
- Lentisphaerales
- Oligosphaerales
- Victivallales
- Planctomycetes
- Phycisphaerales
- Planctomycetales
- Verrucomicrobia
- Puniceicoccales
- Opitutales
- Chthoniobacterales
- Verrucomicrobiales
- "Poribacteria"
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|
|
Other GN
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- Acidobacteria
- Acidobacteriales
- Acanthopleuribacterales
- Holophagales
- Solibacterales
- Armatimonadetes
- Armatimonadales
- Chthonomonadales
- Fimbriimonadales
- Caldiserica
- Chrysiogenetes
- Deferribacteres
- Dictyoglomi
- Elusimicrobia
- Fusobacteria
- Gemmatimonadetes
- Nitrospirae
- Synergistetes
|
|
|
|
G+/
no OM |
|
Firmicutes
(BV3)
|
|
Bacilli
|
- Bacillales
- Lactobacillales
|
|
|
Clostridia
|
- Clostridiales
- Halanaerobiales
- Thermoanaerobacterales
- Natranaerobiales
|
|
|
Erysipelotrichi
|
|
|
|
Thermolithobacteria
|
|
|
|
Tenericutes/
Mollicutes
|
- Mycoplasmatales
- Entomoplasmatales
- Anaeroplasmatales
- Acholeplasmatales
- Haloplasmatales
|
|
|
Negativicutes
|
|
|
|
|
Actinobacteria
(BV5)
|
|
Actinomycetidae
|
- Actinomycetales
- Bifidobacteriales
|
|
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Acidimicrobiidae
|
|
|
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Coriobacteriidae
|
|
|
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Nitriliruptoridae
|
- Euzebyales
- Nitriliruptorales
|
|
|
Rubrobacteridae
|
- Gaiellales
- Rubrobacterales
- Thermoleophilales
- Solirubrobacterales
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
gr+f/gr+a (t)/gr-p (c)/gr-o
|
drug (J1p, w, n, m, vacc)
|
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Isolation of Actinomyces hyovaginalis from sheep and comparison with isolates obtained from pigs.
- Foster G, Wragg P, Koylass MS, Whatmore AM, Hoyles L.SourceSAC Consulting Veterinary Services, Drummondhill, Stratherrick Road, Inverness IV2 4JZ, UK.
- Veterinary microbiology.Vet Microbiol.2012 Jun 15;157(3-4):471-5. Epub 2012 Jan 8.
- Actinomyces hyovaginalis, an organism initially described from pigs, was recovered from nine sheep and a moufflon. Further strains of A. hyovaginalis were recovered from five samples from pigs over the same period. 16S rRNA sequencing and extensive phenotyping demonstrated high similarity between th
- PMID 22266161
- Low-grade-infection after a total knee arthroplasty caused by Actinomyces naeslundii.
- Hedke J, Skripitz R, Ellenrieder M, Frickmann H, Köller T, Podbielski A, Mittelmeier W.Source1 Department of Orthopedics University of Rostock;
- Journal of medical microbiology.J Med Microbiol.2012 May 3. [Epub ahead of print]
- Here we present a case of an 85 year old woman with a low-grade-infection caused by Actinomyces naeslundii after total-knee arthroplasty followed by septic loosening. Actinomyces naeslundii was cultured from a tissue sample from the knee joint capsule/synovial tissue obtained before surgery. A revie
- PMID 22556326
Japanese Journal
- 古瀬 寛子,大塚 康司,長谷川 達哉,河口 幸江,本橋 玲,野本 剛輝,井谷 茂人,鈴木 衞
- 耳鼻咽喉科臨床 104(5), 379-386, 2011-05-01
- … and Actinomyces. …
- NAID 10027972710
- 宗 謙次,山口 仁平,岩永 哲,伊東 正博,田中 藤信,小室 哲
- 耳鼻咽喉科臨床 104(3), 217-221, 2011-03-01
- … The incidence of symptomatic actinomycosis, an unusual chronic infectious granulomatous disease caused by the anaerobic gram-positive bacterium Actinomyces israelii, has decreased as antibiotics use has spread. …
- NAID 10027794218
Related Links
- actinomycesとは。意味や和訳。[名]（複 ～）細菌放線菌. - goo辞書は国語、英和、和英、中国語、百科事典等からまとめて探せる辞書検索サービスです。 ... 辞書すべて 国語 類語 英和 和英 中日 日中 ※「説明文に含む」「見出し語に ...
- Actinomyces /Ac·ti·no·my·ces/ (-mi´sēz) a genus of bacteria (family Actinomycetaceae). Actinomyces israe´lii a species parasitic in the mouth, proliferating in necrotic tissue; it is the etiologic agent of human actinomycosis and can ...
- 標準微生物学から引用。一部編集して記載。学術用語の確認。放線菌目 Actinomycetales。放線菌類 Actinomycetes。嫌気性放線菌の代表が放線菌属 Actinomyces 属。好気性放線菌の代表がノカルジア属 Nocardia 属。 ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- bacterium,(pl.) bacteria
- 同
- バクテリア
- 関
- 特殊な細菌 、細菌の鑑別、細菌の同定？、細菌の分類？
細菌の命名
- ラテン語であり、イタリックで表す。
- 「属名 + 種名」で表現される。
グラム染色性と形状による分類と疾患
[★]
- ラ
- Veillonella
- 同
- Veillonella属、ベイヨネラ、ベイロネラ属、ベイロネラ
- 関
- 細菌
[show details]
- アトポビウム属細菌、ゲメラ属細菌、ベイロネラ属細菌、アシドアミノコッカス属細菌、メガスフェラ属細菌等
- http:www.patentjp.com/13/L/L100983/DA10003.html
- ヒトの細菌叢に含まれる細菌(2)
- ヒトの口腔、消化管、膣の常在菌叢(normal flora)に含まれる。(2)
- 感染症において単離されることは稀。(2)
- たまに髄膜炎、骨髄炎、人工関節感染、胸膜肺感染症、心内膜炎、細菌血症のような重症感染症でベイヨネラ属が単独で病原体として単離されることがある。(2)
種類
- Veillonella dispar (2)
- Veillonella atypica (2)
- Veillonella parvula (2)
- Veillonella montpellierensis (2)
参考文献
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veillonella
- 2. Veillonella montpellierensis Endocarditis
- http://www.cdc.gov/NCIDOD/EID/vol11no07/pdfs/04-1361.pdf
[★]
- 英
- actinomyces
- ラ
- Actinomyces
- 同
- アクチノミセス属 アクチノマイセス属 Actinomyces属、放線菌、アクチノミセス、アクチノマイセス、アクチノバクテリア
- 関
- 放線菌目
[show details]
分類
微生物学
放線菌属
感染症
[★]
アクチノミセス科
- 関
- Actinomyces
[★]
- 英
- Actinomyces
- 同
- 放線菌属
[★]
- ラ
- Actinomyces israelii
- 同
- アクチノミセス・イスラエリイ、イスラエル放線菌
- 関
- 放線菌属
[show details]
- first aid step1 2006 p.139,164
生物的特徴
- アクチノマイセス科アクチノマイセス属
- グラム陽性桿菌
- 偏性嫌気性菌
- 無芽胞菌
- a gram-positive anaerobe, causes oral/facial abscesses with “sulfur granules” that may drain through sinus tracts in skin. Normal oral flora.
- Branching rods in oral infection
存在部位
感染症
[★]
- 関
- Actinomycetales infection、actinomycosis
[★]
アクチノミセス・ビスコーサス、アクチノマイセス・ビスコーサス
[★]
アクチノミセス・ネスルンディ
