皮内注射
- 関
- 皮内投与
- 皮膚真皮内に薬液を注入する方法。予防接種や，アレルギー反応を調べる目的などに用いられる。薬液の吸収される速度は遅い。
- Infection with M. tuberculosis typically leads to the development of delayed hypersensitivity、which can be detected by the tuberculin (Mantoux)test. About 2 to 4 weeks after the infection has begun、intracutaneous injection of 0.1 mL of PPD induces a visible and palpable induration (at least 5 mm in diameter)that peaks in 48 to 72 hours. Sometimes、more PPD is required to elicit the reaction、and unfortunately、in some responders、the standard dose may produce a large、necrotizing lesion. A positive tuberculin test result signifies cell-mediated hypersensitivity to tubercular antigens. It does not differentiate between infection and disease. It is well recognized that false-negative reactions (or skin test anergy)may be produced by certain viral infections、sarcoidosis、malnutrition、Hodgkin's lymphoma、immunosuppression、and (notably)overwhelming active tuberculous disease. False-positive reactions may also result from infection by atypical mycobacteria.