virusoid

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2019/08/10 00:26:10」(JST)

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Virusoids are circular single-stranded RNA(s) dependent on viruses for replication and encapsidation. The genome of virusoids consist of several hundred nucleotides and does not code for any proteins. In humans, the hepatitis D virus is a virusoid capable of causing pathology when in the presence of the hepatitis B virus.

Virusoids are essentially viroids that have been encapsulated by a helper virus coat protein. They are thus similar to viroids in their means of replication (rolling circle replication) and due to the lack of genes, but they differ in that viroids do not possess a protein coat.

Virusoids, while being studied in virology, are subviral particles rather than viruses. Since they depend on helper viruses, they are classified as satellites. In the virological taxonomy they appear as Satellites/Satellite nucleic acids/Subgroup 3: Circular satellite RNA(s).

English Journal

• Novel coding, translation, and gene expression of a replicating covalently closed circular RNA of 220 nt.

• AbouHaidar MG, Venkataraman S, Golshani A, Liu B, Ahmad T.
• Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2014 Oct;111(40)14542-7.
• The highly structured (64% GC) covalently closed circular (CCC) RNA (220 nt) of the virusoid associated with rice yellow mottle virus codes for a 16-kDa highly basic protein using novel modalities for coding, translation, and gene expression. This CCC RNA is the smallest among all known viroids and
• PMID 25253891

• [Functional architecture of the hammerhead ribozyme].

• Gabryelska MM, Fedoruk-Wyszomirska A, Wyszko E, Barciszewski J.
• Postepy biochemii. 2013 ;59(1)22-32.
• Hammerhead ribozyme is the smallest naturally occurring catalytic RNA. It is a perfect model for structure-function relation studies. Initially, it was identified as an autocatalytic part of viroid and virusoid genomic RNA. It exists within the genomes of many organisms including human, which makes
• PMID 23821940

• Ribozymes: the hairpin and Varkud ribozymes are related.

• Elder D, Harris RJ.
• Rivista di biologia.  ;96(3)433-9.
• The hairpin ribozyme of plant virusoids and the Varkud ribozyme from a retroplasmid of fungal mitochondria show notable similarities in sequence and secondary structure. Some more distant inter-relationships appear to exist between this pair, the viroid/virusoid hammerhead and the hepatitis delta ri
• PMID 15055881

Japanese Journal

• Self-cleavage of plus and minus RNAs of a virusoid and a structural model for the active sites.

• Cell 49, 211-220, 1987
• NAID 80003388018

• Comparison of multimeric plus and minus forms of viroids and virusoid.

• Plant. Mol. Biol. 4, 293-304, 1985
• NAID 30011682031

Related Links

• Virusoid | Define Virusoid at Dictionary.com

Virusoid definition, a small particle of RNA associated with the larger RNA of some infectious plant viruses. See more. Thesaurus Translate Puzzles & Games Word of the Day Blog Slideshows Apps by Dictionary My Account ...

• Virusoid - definition of virusoid by Medical dictionary

Define virusoid: A plant pathogen resembling a viroid but having a much larger circular or linear RNA segment and a capsid; it is a satellite agent requiring an associated... Virusoid - definition of virusoid by Medical dictionary ? ...

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