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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/10/28 11:00:57」(JST)

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Ventriculostomy is a neurosurgical procedure that involves creating a hole ("ostomy") within a cerebral ventricle for drainage. It is done by surgically penetrating the skull, dura mater, and brain such that the ventricle of the brain is accessed. When catheter drainage is temporary, it is commonly referred to as an external ventricular drain, or EVD. When catheter drainage is permanent, it is usually referred to as a shunt. There are many catheter-based ventricular shunts that are named for where they terminate, for example, a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt terminates in the peritoneal cavity, a ventriculoatrial shunt terminates within the atrium of the heart, etc. The most common entry point on the skull is called Kocher's point, which is measured 11 cm posterior to the nasion and 3 cm lateral to midline. EVD ventriculostomy is done primarily to monitor the intracranial pressure as well as to drain Cerebrospinal fluid ("CSF"), primarily, or blood to relieve pressure from the Central nervous system (CNS).

Strictly speaking, "ventriculotomy" does not require the use of tubing. For example, a "third ventriculostomy" is a neurosurgical procedure that creates a hole in the floor of the third ventricule and usually has no indwelling objects.

Other types ventriculostomy include ventriculocisternostomy developed by the Norwegian doctor Arne Torkildsen.

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1. 成人における頭蓋内圧亢進の評価およびマネージメント evaluation and management of elevated intracranial pressure in adults
2. 水頭症 hydrocephalus
3. 脳室内出血 intraventricular hemorrhage
4. 中枢神経系シャントおよび他のデバイスの感染 infections of central nervous system shunts and other devices
5. 急性重度外傷性脳損傷のマネージメント management of acute severe traumatic brain injury

English Journal

Cerebrospinal Fluid Catecholamine Levels as Predictors of Outcome in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Moussouttas M, Huynh TT, Khoury J, Lai EW, Dombrowski K, Pello S, Pacak K.SourceCerebrovascular and Neurocritical Care Division, Thomas Jefferson Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pa., USA.
Cerebrovascular diseases (Basel, Switzerland).Cerebrovasc Dis.2012 Jan 5;33(2):173-181. [Epub ahead of print]
Objective: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is associated with marked sympathetic activation at the time of ictus. The purpose of this study is to determine whether early central catecholamine levels measured from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) relate to outcome in patients with SAH. Methods: Observational
PMID 22222551

Japanese Journal

Fourth Ventriculostomy in Occlusion of the Foramen of Magendie Associated with Chiari Malformation and Syringomyelia

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NMC Case Report Journal 2(2), 72-75, 2015
… The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of surgical treatment via fourth ventriculostomy with catheter from the fourth ventricle to the upper cervical subarachnoid space. … Obstructive tetraventricular hydrocephalus due to occlusion of the foramina of Luschka and Magendie can be treated with cerebro-spinal fluid shunting, opening the membranes with suboccipital craniotomy, placement of a catheter, endoscopic third ventriculostomy, and endoscopic fourth ventriculostomy. …
NAID 130005064621

Rosette-forming Glioneuronal Tumor: Rare Case Presented with Spontaneous Disappearance of Contrast Enhancement

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NMC Case Report Journal 2(2), 65-67, 2015
… She underwent endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) and tumor biopsy. …
NAID 130005064620

Fourth Ventriculostomy in Occlusion of the Foramen of Magendie Associated with Chiari Malformation and Syringomyelia

, , ,
NMC Case Report Journal advpub(0), 2015
… The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of surgical treatment via fourth ventriculostomy with catheter from the fourth ventricle to the upper cervical subarachnoid space. … Obstructive tetraventricular hydrocephalus due to occlusion of the foramina of Luschka and Magendie can be treated with cerebro-spinal fluid shunting, opening the membranes with suboccipital craniotomy, placement of a catheter, endoscopic third ventriculostomy, and endoscopic fourth ventriculostomy. …
NAID 130005056834

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