血管分布、血管増生

WordNet

the property being vascular; "a prominent vascularity"

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/19 00:34:52」(JST)

wiki en

Vascularity in an adult forearm.

Vascularity, in bodybuilding, is the condition of having many highly visible, prominent and often extensively ramified superficial veins.^[1] The skin appears "thin" — sometimes virtually diaphanous — due to an extreme reduction of subcutaneous fat, allowing for maximum muscle definition.

Vascularity is enhanced by extremely low body fat (usually below 10%) and low retained water, as well as the muscle engorgement ("pump") and venous distension accentuated by the vigorous flexing and potentially hazardous Valsalva effect which characterize competitive posing. Genetics and androgenic hormones^[2]^[3] will affect vascularity, as will ambient temperature. (And although some bodybuilders develop arterial hypertension from performance-enhancing substances and practices, "high" venous pressure — being an order of magnitude lower than that of arteries^[4] — neither causes nor is caused by vascularity.) Some bodybuilders use topical vasodilators to increase blood flow to the skin as well. Although historically controversial,^[2] nowadays vascularity is a highly sought after aesthetic for many male bodybuilders,^[5] but less so for female bodybuilders^[2] where the target aesthetic is relatively more towards aesthetic symmetry than extreme development.

Bodybuilders or athletes sometimes dehydrate themselves, a few days before a competition or show, to achieve this so-called "ripped" vascular look. Self-dehydration is not recommended by medical professionals, as the negative and sometimes tragic effects of the resultant water-electrolyte imbalances are well documented.^[6]

Notable vascular bodybuilders

Jay Cutler
Ronnie Coleman
Rich Gaspari
Dave Draper
Frank Zane
Eugen Sandow
Vince Gironda
Frank McGrath

References

^ "Vascularity Definition: What is Vascularity?". Muscle Mass Magazine. Retrieved September 21, 2012.
^ ^a ^b ^c Brainum, Jerry. "All in Vein: Vascularity in Bodybuilding is Controversial". Retrieved September 21, 2012.
^ Kendler, Michael; Makrantonaki, Evgenia; Kratzsch, Jürgen; Anderegg, Ulf; Wetzig, Tino; Zouboulis, Christos; Simon, Jan C. (2010). "Elevated Sex Steroid Hormones in Great Saphenous Veins in Men". Journal of Vascular Surgery 51 (3): 639–646. doi:10.1016/j.jvs.2009.07.128. PMID 20045626.
^ Vogel, Steven (1992). Vital Circuits: On Pumps, Pipes, and the Workings of Circulatory Systems. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-508269-9.
^ Sisco, Peter (1999). Ironman's Ultimate Bodybuilding Encyclopedia. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-80-922811-4.
^ Marteski, Steve. "Diuretics in Bodybuilding: The Good, the Bad, the Tragic". Retrieved September 21, 2012.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 原発性骨髄線維症における病態 pathogenetic mechanisms in primary myelofibrosis
2. 慢性骨髄性白血病の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukemia
3. ヨウ素による甲状腺機能亢進症の治療 iodine in the treatment of hyperthyroidism
4. 肝胆道のCT撮影 computed tomography of the hepatobiliary tract
5. 甲状腺機能亢進症に対する外科的マネージメント surgical management of hyperthyroidism

English Journal

Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Adipocyte-Derived Stem Cells in Rat.

Jumabay M1, Moon JH1, Yeerna H1, Boström KI1,2.
Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2015 Nov;230(11):2821-8. doi: 10.1002/jcp.25012.
Diabetes mellitus affects the adipose tissue and mesenchymal stem cells derived from the adipose stroma and other tissues. Previous reports suggest that bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is involved in diabetic complications, at the same time playing an important role in the maintenance of stem ce
PMID 25854185

Comparative study of two surgical techniques for root coverage of large recessions in heavy smokers.

Reino DM, Maia LP, Novaes AB Jr, Souza SL.
The international journal of esthetic dentistry.Int J Esthet Dent.2015 Autumn;10(3):456-67.
Reduced root coverage due to diminished periodontal vascularity can be expected in heavy smokers. The aim of this study was to evaluate the root coverage obtained for large gingival recessions in heavy smokers using two different surgical techniques. Twenty heavy smokers were selected. Each patient
PMID 26171447

The ultrasonography features of hyalinizing trabecular tumor of the thyroid gland and the role of fine needle aspiration cytology and core needle biopsy in its diagnosis.

Choi WJ1, Baek JH2, Ha EJ3, Choi YJ1, Hong MJ1, Song DE4, Sung JY5, Yoo H6, Jung SL7, Lee HY8, Lee JH1.
Acta radiologica (Stockholm, Sweden : 1987).Acta Radiol.2015 Sep;56(9):1113-8. doi: 10.1177/0284185114549225. Epub 2014 Sep 17.
BACKGROUND: Hyalinizing trabecular tumor (HTT) of the thyroid gland is a rare, benign neoplasm of follicular cell origin. Misdiagnosis of HTT as either papillary or medullary thyroid carcinoma after fine-needle aspiration (FNA) may lead to unnecessary surgery.PURPOSE: To evaluate the ultrasonography
PMID 25232186