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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/05/09 18:42:31」(JST)

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Parameter	Value
renal blood flow	RBF=1000 ml/min
hematocrit	HCT=40%
renal plasma flow	RPF=600 ml/min
filtration fraction	FF=20%
glomerular filtration rate	GFR=120 ml/min
urine flow rate	V=1 mL/min

Sodium	Inulin	Creatinine	PAH
S_Na=150 mEq/L	S_In=1 mg/mL	S_Cr=0.01 mg/ml	S_PAH=
U_Na=710 mEq/L	U_In=150 mg/mL	U_Cr=1.25 mg/mL	U_PAH=
C_Na=5 mL/min	C_In=150 ml/min	C_Cr=125 mL/min	C_PAH=420 ml/min
			ER=90%
			ERPF=540 ml/min

Urine flow rate or urinary flow rate is the volumetric flow rate of urine during urination. It is a measure of the quantity of urine excreted in a specified period of time (per second or per minute). It is measured with uroflowmetry, a type of flowmetry.

The letters "V" (for volume) and "Q" (a conventional symbol for flow rate) are both used as a symbol for urine flow rate. The V often has a dot (overdot), that is, V̇ ("V-dot"). Qmax indicates the maximum flow rate. Qmax is used as an indicator for the diagnosis of enlarged prostate. A lower Qmax may indicate that the enlarged prostate puts pressure on the urethra, partially occluding it.

Uroflowmetry is performed by urinating into a special urinal, toilet, or disposable device that has a measuring device built in.^[1] The average rate changes with age.^[1]

Clinical usage

Changes in the urine flow rate can be indicative of kidney, prostate or other renal disorders. Similarly, by measuring urine flow rate, it is possible to calculate the clearance of metabolites that are used as clinical markers for disease.

The urinary flow rate in males with benign prostate hyperplasia is influenced, although not statistically by voiding position. In a meta-analysis on the influence of voiding position in males on urodynamics, males with this condition showed an improvement of 1.23 ml/s in the sitting position. Healthy, young males were not influenced by changing voiding position.^[2]

References

^ ^a ^b "MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Uroflowmetry". From MedlinePlus, a service by the National Institutes of Health. Updated by: David C. Dugdale. Also reviewed by David Zieve. Update Date: 9/3/2010. Retrieved 2012-10-03.
^ de Jong, Y; Pinckaers, JH; Ten Brinck, RM; Lycklama À Nijeholt, AA; Dekkers, OM (2014). "Urinating Standing versus Sitting: Position Is of Influence in Men with Prostate Enlargement. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.". PLOS ONE 9 (7): e101320. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0101320. PMC 4106761. PMID 25051345.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 尿失禁女性の尿流動態検査 urodynamic evaluation of women with incontinence
2. 男性における下部尿路症状 lower urinary tract symptoms in men
3. 小児における膀胱機能障害の評価および診断 evaluation and diagnosis of bladder dysfunction in children
4. 前立腺肥大症のの臨床症状および診断的評価 clinical manifestations and diagnostic evaluation of benign prostatic hyperplasia
5. 男性の性交時痛 male dyspareunia

English Journal

Elevated postvoid residual urine volume predicting recurrence of urinary tract infections in toilet-trained children.

Chang SJ1, Tsai LP, Hsu CK, Yang SS.
Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany).Pediatr Nephrol.2015 Jul;30(7):1131-7. doi: 10.1007/s00467-014-3009-y. Epub 2015 Feb 12.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine whether toilet-trained children with a history of febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) and elevated postvoid residual (PVR) urine volume according to a recently published PVR nomogram were at greater risk of UTI recurrence.MATERIALS AND METHODS: One
PMID 25673516

EAU Guidelines on the Assessment of Non-neurogenic Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms including Benign Prostatic Obstruction.

Gratzke C1, Bachmann A2, Descazeaud A3, Drake MJ4, Madersbacher S5, Mamoulakis C6, Oelke M7, Tikkinen KA8, Gravas S9.
European urology.Eur Urol.2015 Jun;67(6):1099-1109. doi: 10.1016/j.eururo.2014.12.038. Epub 2015 Jan 19.
CONTEXT: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) represent one of the most common clinical complaints in adult men and have multifactorial aetiology.OBJECTIVE: To develop European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines on the assessment of men with non-neurogenic LUTS.EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A structured
PMID 25613154

Direct vision internal urethrotomy by using endoscopic scissors.

Isen K1, Nalçacıoğlu V.
International urology and nephrology.Int Urol Nephrol.2015 Jun;47(6):905-8. doi: 10.1007/s11255-015-0960-x. Epub 2015 Apr 19.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of direct vision internal urethrotomy (DVIU) by using endoscopic scissors for incision of short (<1 cm) urethral strictures in adult men.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-one patients who had short bulbar urethral strictures were evaluated in this stu
PMID 25894958

Japanese Journal

下部尿路障害や膀胱異物のない若年者に発生した巨大膀胱結石の1例

堀俊太,百瀬均,森澤洋介,豊島優多,高田聡,藤本健,大山信雄
泌尿器科紀要 = Acta urologica Japonica 60(8), 393-396, 2014-08
… After the operation, uroflowmetry and voiding cystourethrography were performed and the results indicated no abnormalities in the lower urinary tract function. …
NAID 120005468365

神経因性膀胱の診断・治療・医療連携

柿崎秀宏
The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine 51(10), 640-644, 2014
… LUTD can be screened by a careful history taking of LUTS and simple, non-invasive measures such as postvoid residual urine measurement and uroflowmetry. …
NAID 130004705535

脊椎手術症例におけるuroflowmetryによる膀胱機能の検討

近藤幹大,蜂谷裕道
中部日本整形外科災害外科学会雑誌 57(5), 1121-1122, 2014
NAID 130004703809

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