Campylobacter upsaliensis

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1. 一般的ではないカンピロバクター種および関連細菌の感染 infection with less common campylobacter species and related bacteria
2. Acute viral gastroenteritis in children in resource-rich countries: Clinical features and diagnosis

English Journal

Detection of campylobacter in stool and determination of significance by culture, enzyme immunoassay, and PCR in developing countries.

Platts-Mills JA1, Liu J, Gratz J, Mduma E, Amour C, Swai N, Taniuchi M, Begum S, Peñataro Yori P, Tilley DH, Lee G, Shen Z, Whary MT, Fox JG, McGrath M, Kosek M, Haque R, Houpt ER.Author information 1Division of Infectious Diseases and International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.AbstractCampylobacter is a common bacterial enteropathogen that can be detected in stool by culture, enzyme immunoassay (EIA), or PCR. We compared culture for C. jejuni/C. coli, EIA (ProSpecT), and duplex PCR to distinguish Campylobacter jejuni/C. coli and non-jejuni/coli Campylobacter on 432 diarrheal and matched control stool samples from infants in a multisite longitudinal study of enteric infections in Tanzania, Bangladesh, and Peru. The sensitivity and specificity of culture were 8.5% and 97.6%, respectively, compared with the results of EIA and 8.7% and 98.0%, respectively, compared with the results of PCR for C. jejuni/C. coli. Most (71.6%) EIA-positive samples were positive by PCR for C. jejuni/C. coli, but 27.6% were positive for non-jejuni/coli Campylobacter species. Sequencing of 16S rRNA from 53 of these non-jejuni/coli Campylobacter samples showed that it most closely matched the 16S rRNA of C. hyointestinalis subsp. lawsonii (56%), C. troglodytis (33%), C. upsaliensis (7.7%), and C. jejuni/C. coli (2.6%). Campylobacter-negative stool spiked with each of the above-mentioned Campylobacter species revealed reactivity with EIA. PCR detection of Campylobacter species was strongly associated with diarrhea in Peru (odds ratio [OR] = 3.66, P < 0.001) but not in Tanzania (OR = 1.56, P = 0.24) or Bangladesh (OR = 1.13, P = 0.75). According to PCR, Campylobacter jejuni/C. coli infections represented less than half of all infections with Campylobacter species. In sum, in infants in developing country settings, the ProSpecT EIA and PCR for Campylobacter reveal extremely high rates of positivity. We propose the use of PCR because it retains high sensitivity, can ascertain burden, and can distinguish between Campylobacter infections at the species level.
Journal of clinical microbiology.J Clin Microbiol.2014 Apr;52(4):1074-80. doi: 10.1128/JCM.02935-13. Epub 2014 Jan 22.
Campylobacter is a common bacterial enteropathogen that can be detected in stool by culture, enzyme immunoassay (EIA), or PCR. We compared culture for C. jejuni/C. coli, EIA (ProSpecT), and duplex PCR to distinguish Campylobacter jejuni/C. coli and non-jejuni/coli Campylobacter on 432 diarrheal and
PMID 24452175

A PCR-RFLP assay for the detection and differentiation of Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, C. fetus, C. hyointestinalis, C. lari, C. helveticus and C. upsaliensis.

Kamei K1, Asakura M, Somroop S, Hatanaka N, Hinenoya A, Nagita A, Misawa N, Matsuda M, Nakagawa S, Yamasaki S.Author information 1Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University;AbstractAlthough Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the most common bacterial causes of human gastrointestinal diseases, other Campylobacter species are also involved in human and animal infections. In this study, we developed a cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) gene-based PCR-RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) assay for the detection and differentiation of C. jejuni, C. coli, C. fetus, C. hyointestinalis, C. lari, C. helveticus, and C. upsaliensis. Previously designed common primers, which can amplify the cdtB gene of C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. fetus, were used for detecting 7 Campylobacter species and differentiating by restriction digestion. The PCR-RFLP assay was validated with 277 strains including 35 C. jejuni, 19 C. coli, 20 C. fetus, 24 C. hyointestinalis, 13 C. lari, 2 C. helveticus, 22 C. upsaliensis, 3 other Campylobacter and 17 other species associated with human diseases. Sensitivity and specificity of the PCR-RFLP assay were 100% except for C. hyointestinalis (88% sensitivity). Furthermore the PCR-RFLP assay successfully detected and differentiated C. jejuni, C. coli and C. fetus in clinical and animal samples. The results indicate that the PCR-RFLP assay is useful for the detection and differentiation of 7 Campylobacter species important for human and animal diseases.
Journal of medical microbiology.J Med Microbiol.2014 Feb 25. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.071498-0. [Epub ahead of print]
Although Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the most common bacterial causes of human gastrointestinal diseases, other Campylobacter species are also involved in human and animal infections. In this study, we developed a cytolethal distending toxin (cdt) gene-based PCR-RFLP (restriction
PMID 24568882

Genotypes and antibiotic resistance of canine Campylobacter jejuni isolates.

Amar C1, Kittl S1, Spreng D2, Thomann A1, Korczak BM1, Burnens AP3, Kuhnert P4.Author information 1Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.2Small Animal Clinic, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.3Unilabs, Bern, Switzerland.4Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address: peter.kuhnert@vetsuisse.unibe.ch.AbstractCampylobacter jejuni is the most important cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. It is a commensal in many wild and domestic animals, including dogs. Whereas genotypes of human and chicken C. jejuni isolates have been described in some detail, only little information on canine C. jejuni genotypes is available. To gain more information on genotypes of canine C. jejuni and their zoonotic potential, isolates from routine diagnostics of diarrheic dogs as well as isolates of a prevalence study in non-diarrheic dogs were analyzed. Prevalence of thermophilic Campylobacter among non-diarrheic dogs was 6.3% for C. jejuni, 5.9% for Campylobacter upsaliensis and 0.7% for Campylobacter coli. The C. jejuni isolates were genotyped by multi locus sequence typing (MLST) and flaB typing. Resistance to macrolides and quinolones was genetically determined in parallel. Within the 134 genotyped C. jejuni isolates 57 different sequence types (ST) were found. Five STs were previously unrecognized. The most common STs were ST-48 (11.2%), ST-45 (10.5%) and ST-21 (6.0%). Whereas no macrolide resistance was found, 28 isolates (20.9%) were resistant to quinolones. ST-45 was significantly more prevalent in diarrheic than in non-diarrheic dogs. Within the common time frame of isolation 94% of the canine isolates had a ST that was also found in human clinical isolates. In conclusion, prevalence of C. jejuni in Swiss dogs is low but there is a large genetic overlap between dog and human isolates. Given the close contact between human and dogs, the latter should not be ignored as a potential source of human campylobacteriosis.
Veterinary microbiology.Vet Microbiol.2014 Jan 10;168(1):124-30. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.10.006. Epub 2013 Oct 22.
Campylobacter jejuni is the most important cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans. It is a commensal in many wild and domestic animals, including dogs. Whereas genotypes of human and chicken C. jejuni isolates have been described in some detail, only little information on canine C. jejuni geno
PMID 24210812

Japanese Journal

Cytolethal distending toxin gene-based multiplex PCR assay for Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli, C. fetus, C. upsaliensis, C. hyointestinalis and C. lari