PrepTutorEJDIC
- 平静(冷静)な,平穏な;(水面などが)波立たない,静かな
English Journal
- Improved wire stiffness with modified connection bolts in Ilizarov external frames: a biomechanical study.
- Gessmann J1, Jettkant B, Königshausen M, Schildhauer TA, Seybold D.Author information 1Department of General and Trauma Surgery, BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany.AbstractFrame stability in Ilizarov external fixators is mainly dependent on the tension of the transosseous wires, which are clamped to the ring by connection bolts. It was the purpose of this biomechanical study to investigate the holding capacity of a modified bolt design featuring a ruffled wire-bolt interface (TrueLok™) and its influence on wire stiffness in comparison with that of classic bolts featuring a smooth, unruffled wire-bolt interface. Six different ring and bolt configurations were tested using a simplified model consisting of a single ring and wire. The holding capacity at two different tightening torques (10 and 14 Nm) of classic cannulated bolts (CB) and slotted bolts (SB) was determined on Ilizarov and Taylor Spatial Frame (TSF™) rings, whereas the modified TrueLok™ CBs and SBs were used with the TrueLok™ rings. The wire stiffness was calculated via a regression analysis of the load-displacement graphs. The modified TrueLok™ bolts demonstrated significantly better slippage resistance than the classic bolts in all configurations and wire stiffness was significantly higher in the TrueLok™ frame set-ups. After maximum loading, all of the wires showed plastic deformation, including constant wire deflection and dent marks at the clamped wire ends. In conclusion, the decrease in wire stiffness can be explained mainly as a result of wire slippage, but plastic deformation and material yielding also contribute. The relatively simple modification made by roughening the wire-bolt interface results in improved holding capacity and wire stiffness. A frame that contains these modified TrueLok™ bolts should provide improved mechanical stiffness.
- Acta of bioengineering and biomechanics / Wrocław University of Technology.Acta Bioeng Biomech.2012;14(4):15-21.
- Frame stability in Ilizarov external fixators is mainly dependent on the tension of the transosseous wires, which are clamped to the ring by connection bolts. It was the purpose of this biomechanical study to investigate the holding capacity of a modified bolt design featuring a ruffled wire-bolt in
- PMID 23394181
- Exploring regional variation in antipsychotic coprescribing practice: a Danish questionnaire survey.
- Baandrup L1, Allerup P, Nordentoft M, Lublin H, Glenthoj BY.Author information 1Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Psychiatric Center Glostrup, Nordre Ringvej 29-67, DK-2600 Glostrup, Denmark. lone.baandrup@cnsr.dkAbstractOBJECTIVE: The pharmacologic treatment of schizophrenia is characterized by excessive use of antipsychotic polypharmacy, which reflects a gap between evidence and practice. The aim of the present study was to investigate regional differences in treatment setting characteristics and in physician and nurse attitudes toward antipsychotic polypharmacy and clinical guidelines.
- The Journal of clinical psychiatry.J Clin Psychiatry.2010 Nov;71(11):1457-64. doi: 10.4088/JCP.09m05270yel. Epub 2010 Oct 19.
- OBJECTIVE: The pharmacologic treatment of schizophrenia is characterized by excessive use of antipsychotic polypharmacy, which reflects a gap between evidence and practice. The aim of the present study was to investigate regional differences in treatment setting characteristics and in physician and
- PMID 21034689
- Effects of BmK AS on Nav1.2 expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes.
- Tan M1, Zhu MM, Liu Y, Cheng HW, Ji YH.Author information 1Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Physiology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.AbstractIn the present study, the pharmacological effects of BmK AS, a beta-like scorpion toxin on rNav1.2 alpha-subunit expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes were investigated using a two-electrode voltage-clamp recording. It was found that the voltage dependence of rNav1.2 inactivation was significantly shifted towards positive membrane potential by 500 nM BmK AS, whereas the activation curves of rNav1.2 were unruffled at the same dosage. The inactivation curves of both slow and fast inactivation currents were positively moved about 12.8 and 9.7 mV, respectively. In addition, the persistent currents of rNav1.2 were invariable. The effects of BmK AS on the rNav1.2 inactivation were opposite to the previous results found in the peripheral sensory neurons. The results suggested that Nav1.2 might be the target of BmK AS in the central nervous system, and BmK AS might have an excitatory effect on the central neuron through enhancing Nav1.2.
- Cell biology and toxicology.Cell Biol Toxicol.2008 Apr;24(2):143-9. Epub 2007 Aug 3.
- In the present study, the pharmacological effects of BmK AS, a beta-like scorpion toxin on rNav1.2 alpha-subunit expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes were investigated using a two-electrode voltage-clamp recording. It was found that the voltage dependence of rNav1.2 inactivation was significantly shi
- PMID 17674132
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- Full Definition of UNRUFFLED 1: poised and serene especially in the face of setbacks or confusion 2: not ruffled : smooth <unruffled water> See unruffled defined for English-language learners See unruffled defined for kids
- un·ruf·fled (ŭn-rŭf′əld) adj. 1. Not agitated emotionally; calm: remained unruffled throughout the crisis; is known for her unruffled demeanor. 2. Not disordered or disturbed physically: "The big ketch lay motionless on unruffled water ...
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