underscore

• v.

• 強調する、下線を引く

• n.

• 強調

関

accentuate、accentuation、emphasis、emphasize、highlight、stress

　 　 　

WordNet

1. give extra weight to (a communication); "Her gesture emphasized her words" (同)underline, emphasize, emphasise
2. a line drawn underneath (especially under written matter) (同)underline
3. to stress, single out as important; "Dr. Jones emphasizes exercise in addition to a change in diet" (同)emphasize, emphasise, punctuate, accent, accentuate
4. special emphasis attached to something; "the stress was more on accuracy than on speed" (同)focus
5. difficulty that causes worry or emotional tension; "she endured the stresses and strains of life"; "he presided over the economy during the period of the greatest stress and danger"- R.J.Samuelson (同)strain
6. (physics) force that produces strain on a physical body; "the intensity of stress is expressed in units of force divided by units of area"
7. the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note (especially with regard to stress or pitch); "he put the stress on the wrong syllable" (同)emphasis, accent
8. put stress on; utter with an accent; "In Farsi, you accent the last syllable of each word" (同)accent, accentuate
9. the most interesting or memorable part; "the highlight of the tour was our visit to the Vatican" (同)high_spot
10. apply a highlighter to ones cheeks or eyebrows in order to make them more prominent; "highlight the area above your eyebrows"
11. an area of lightness in a picture (同)highlighting
12. special importance or significance; "the red light gave the central figure increased emphasis"; "the room was decorated in shades of grey with distinctive red accents" (同)accent
13. special and significant stress by means of position or repetition e.g.
14. the use or application of an accent; the relative prominence of syllables in a phrase or utterance

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. =underline
2. 〈U〉〈C〉(精神的・感情的な)『緊張』,ストレス / 〈U〉(…に対する)『強調』,力説《+on+名》 / 〈C〉〈U〉『強勢』,アクセント / 〈U〉(一般に)『圧迫』,圧力 / …‘を'『強調する』,力説する / 〈音節・語〉‘に'強勢(アクセント)を置く / 《まれ》（に）圧力をかける
3. (絵画・写真などの)最も明るい部分,ハイライト / (事件・勝負・ニュースなどの)最も目立つ部長,最高潮の場面,呼び物 / 〈絵画・写真などの部分〉‘に'ハイライトを置く,…‘を'最も明るくする / …‘を'強調する
4. (…に対する)『強調』,重要視《+『on』(『upon』)+『名』》 / (音節・語・句などに置く)強勢,強調
5. アクセントをおくこと,アクセントのおき方 / 強調
6. 〈語・音節〉‘に'アクセントをおく,'を'特に強く発音する / …'を'目立たせる,強調する

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/06/20 11:44:39」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

For the term in musical theatre, see Underscoring.

‌_
Underscore
Punctuation apostrophe ( ’ ' ) brackets ( [ ], ( ), { }, ⟨ ⟩ ) colon ( : ) comma ( , ، 、 ) dash ( ‒, –, —, ― ) ellipsis ( …, ..., . . . ) exclamation mark ( ! ) full stop/period ( . ) guillemets ( « » ) hyphen ( ‐ ) hyphen-minus ( - ) question mark ( ? ) quotation marks ( ‘ ’, “ ”, ' ', " " ) semicolon ( ; ) slash‌/stroke‌/solidus ( /,  ⁄  ) Word dividers space ( ) ( ) ( ) interpunct ( · ) General typography ampersand ( & ) at sign ( @ ) asterisk ( * ) backslash ( \ ) bullet ( • ) caret ( ^ ) dagger ( †, ‡ ) degree ( ° ) ditto mark ( 〃 ) inverted exclamation mark ( ¡ ) inverted question mark ( ¿ ) number sign‌/pound‌/hash ( # ) numero sign ( № ) obelus ( ÷ ) ordinal indicator ( º, ª ) percent, per mil ( %, ‰ ) basis point ( ‱ ) pilcrow ( ¶ ) prime ( ′, ″, ‴ ) section sign ( § ) tilde ( ~ ) underscore‌/understrike ( _ ) vertical bar‌/broken bar‌/pipe ( ¦, | ) Intellectual property copyright symbol ( © ) registered trademark ( ® ) service mark ( ℠ ) sound recording copyright ( ℗ ) trademark ( ™ ) Currency currency (generic) ( ¤ ) currency (specific) ( ₳ ฿ ₵ ¢ ₡ ₢ ₠ $ ₫ ৳ ₯ € ƒ ₣ ₲ ₴ ₭ ℳ ₥ ₦ ₧ ₱ ₰ £ ₹ ₨ ₪ ₸ ₮ ₩ ¥ ៛ ) Uncommon typography asterism ( ⁂ ) tee ( ⊤ ) up tack ( ⊥ ) index/fist ( ☞ ) therefore sign ( ∴ ) because sign ( ∵ ) interrobang ( ‽ ) irony punctuation ( ؟ ) lozenge ( ◊ ) reference mark ( ※ ) tie ( ⁀ ) Related diacritical marks whitespace characters non-English quotation style ( « », „ ” ) In other scripts Chinese punctuation Hebrew punctuation Japanese punctuation Korean punctuation
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The underscore [ _ ] (also called understrike, underbar, low line, underdash, lower part of z or low dash) is a character that originally appeared on the typewriter and was primarily used to underline words. To produce an underlined word, the word was typed, the typewriter carriage was moved back to the beginning of the word, and the word was overtyped with the underscore character.

This character is sometimes used to create visual spacing within a sequence of characters, where a whitespace character is not permitted, e.g., in computer filenames, e-mail addresses, and in World Wide Web URLs. Some computer applications will automatically underline text surrounded by underscores: _underlined_ will render underlined. It is often used in ASCII-only media (E-mail, IRC, Instant Messaging) for this purpose. When the underscore is used for emphasis in this fashion, it is usually interpreted as indicating that the enclosed text is underlined or italicized (as opposed to bold, which is indicated by *asterisks*).

The underscore is not the same character as the dash character, although one convention for text news wires is to use an underscore when an em-dash or en-dash is desired, or when other non-standard characters such as bullets would be appropriate. A series of underscores (like [ _________ ]) may be used to create a blank to be filled in on a form. It is also sometimes used to create a horizontal line, if no other method is available; hyphens and dashes are often used for a similar purpose.

The ASCII value of this character is 95. On the standard US or UK 101/102 computer keyboard it shares a key with the hyphen on the top row, to the right of the 0 key.

Diacritic

Main article: Underline

The underscore is used as a diacritic mark, "combining low line", in some African languages (some languages using the Orthography of Gabon languages or Rapidolangue in Gabon, Izere in Nigeria) and Native American languages (Shoshoni).

Not to be confused is the combining macron below.

Usage in computing

Origins in identifiers

In programs of any significant size, there is a need for descriptive (hence multi-word) identifiers, like "previous balance" or "end of file". However, spaces are not typically permitted inside identifiers, as they are treated as delimiters between tokens. Writing the words together as in "endoffile" is not satisfactory because the names often become unreadable. Therefore, the programming language COBOL allowed a hyphen ("-") to be used between words of compound identifiers, as in "END-OF-FILE". LISP also allowed the hyphen in names, treating the subtraction operator as an identifier.

Most programming languages, however, interpret the hyphen as a subtraction operator and do not allow the character in identifier names. The common punched card character sets of the early 1960s had no lower-case letters and no special character that would be adequate as a word separator in identifiers. IBM's EBCDIC character coding system, introduced in 1964 at the same time as the IBM System/360 computer series, uses 8 bits per byte. A modest increase in the character set size over earlier character sets added a few punctuation characters, including the underscore, which IBM referred to as the break character, but not lower case (later editions of EBCDIC added lower case). IBM's report on NPL (the early name of what is now called PL/I) leaves the character set undefined, but specifically mentions the break character, and gives RATE_OF_PAY as an example identifier. By 1967, the underscore had spread to ASCII, replacing the similarly shaped left-arrow character (←) previously residing at code point 95 (5F hex) in ASCII-1963 (see also: PIP). C, developed at Bell Labs in the early 1970s, allowed the underscore as an alphabetic character.

Use in other languages

Ruby and Perl use $_ as a special variable described as the “default input and pattern matching space” — any output defaults to that variable, and may be omitted. In Perl, @_ is a special array variable that holds the arguments to a function.

In some languages with pattern matching, such as Standard ML, OCaml, and Haskell, the pattern _ matches any value, but does not perform binding.

See also

• Overline
• Strikethrough
• Underline
• Undertie

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 複合位の胎児のマネージメント management of the fetus with compound presentation
• 2. 鉄芽球性貧血の病態生理 pathophysiology of the sideroblastic anemias
• 3. COX-2阻害剤および胃十二指腸障害：大規模臨床試験 cox 2 inhibitors and gastroduodenal toxicity major clinical trials
• 4. 難治性狭心症マネージメントのための心筋内レーザー血行再建術 transmyocardial laser revascularization for management of refractory angina
• 5. 小児および思春期におけるクローン病の臨床症状 clinical manifestations of crohn disease in children and adolescents

English Journal

• Novel role of VMP1 as modifier of the pancreatic tumor cell response to chemotherapeutic drugs.

• Gilabert M, Vaccaro MI, Fernandez-Zapico ME, Calvo EL, Turrini O, Secq V, Garcia S, Moutardier V, Lomberk G, Dusetti N, Urrutia R, Iovanna JL.SourceCancer Research Center of Marseille, INSERM U624, Marseille, France; Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France; CNRS UMR 7258, Marseille, France.
• Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2013 Sep;228(9):1834-43. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24343.
• We hypothesized that inhibiting molecules that mediate the adaptation response to cellular stress can antagonize the resistance of pancreatic cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Toward this end, here, we investigated how VMP1, a stress-induced autophagy-associated protein, modulate stress respon
• PMID 23460482

• Therapeutic potential of VEGF and VEGF-derived peptide in peripheral neuropathies.

• Verheyen A, Peeraer E, Lambrechts D, Poesen K, Carmeliet P, Shibuya M, Pintelon I, Timmermans JP, Nuydens R, Meert T.SourceDepartment of Neuroscience, Janssen Research & Development, A Division of Janssen Pharmaceutica NV, B-2340 Beerse, Belgium.
• Neuroscience.Neuroscience.2013 Aug 6;244:77-89. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.03.050. Epub 2013 Apr 11.
• Besides its prominent role in angiogenesis, the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) also exerts important protective effects on neurons. In particular, mice expressing reduced levels of VEGF suffer from late-onset motor neuron degeneration, whereas VEGF delivery significantly delays motor neur
• PMID 23583762

• Is a diagnostic system based exclusively on agar gel immunodiffusion adequate for controlling the spread of equine infectious anaemia?

• Scicluna MT, Issel CJ, Cook FR, Manna G, Cersini A, Rosone F, Frontoso R, Caprioli A, Antonetti V, Autorino GL.SourceIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Regioni Lazio e della Toscana, Via Appia Nuova 1411, 00178 Rome, Italy. Electronic address: teresa.scicluna@izslt.it.
• Veterinary microbiology.Vet Microbiol.2013 Jul 26;165(1-2):123-34. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.02.027. Epub 2013 Mar 28.
• To improve the efficiency of the National equine infectious anaemia (EIA) surveillance program in Italy, a three-tiered diagnostic system has been adopted. This procedure involves initial screening by ELISA (Tier 1) with test-positive samples confirmed by the agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGIDT) (T
• PMID 23618837

• Association of children's obesity with the quality of parental-child attachment and psychological variables.

• Bahrami F, Kelishadi R, Jafari N, Kaveh Z, Isanejad O.SourceDepartment of Counseling, Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
• Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992).Acta Paediatr.2013 Jul;102(7):e321-4. doi: 10.1111/apa.12253. Epub 2013 Apr 22.
• AIM: This study aimed to investigate the association of children's obesity with parental attachment and psychological variables as impulsivity, self-control and efficiency of eating control.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 202 obese students aged 9-13 years selected by multis
• PMID 23600901

Japanese Journal

• Management of Lacerated and Swollen Tongue after Convulsive Seizure with a Mouth Protector: Interprofessional Collaboration Including Dentists in Intensive Care

• Yamanaka Reiko,Soga Yoshihiko,Moriya Yoshie,Okui Akemi,Takeuchi Tetsuo,Sato Kenji,Morimatsu Hiroshi,Morita Manabu
• Acta Medica Okayama 68(6), 375-378, 2014-12
• … These findings underscore that interprofessional collaboration including dentists can improve the quality of medical care. …
• NAID 120005525316

• Differentiation of acute fatty liver of pregnancy from syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet counts

• Minakami Hisanori,Morikawa Mamoru,Yamada Takahiro,Yamada Takashi,Akaishi Rina,Nishida Ryutaro
• Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research 40(3), 641-649, 2014-03
• … The aim of this review is to underscore problems in the differential diagnosis of AFLP and the syndrome of hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet counts (HELLP syndrome) and to facilitate prompt diagnosis of AFLP. …
• NAID 120005572419

• Problems in methods for the detection of significant proteinuria in pregnancy

• Yamada Takahiro,Kojima Takashi,Akaishi Rina,Ishikawa Satoshi,Takeda Masamitsu,Kawaguchi Satoshi,Nishida Ryutaro,Morikawa Mamoru,Yamada Takashi,Minakami Hisanori
• Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research 40(1), 161-166, 2014-01
• … Aim: The aim of this study was to underscore problems associated with the dipstick test and determination ofprotein concentration alone in spot-urine (P-test) compared with spot-urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (P/Crtest) and to determine whether urine collection for 24-h test was complete.Material and Methods: Dipstick and P/Cr tests were performed simultaneously in 357 random spot-urinespecimens from 145 pregnant women, including 35 with pre-eclampsia. …
• NAID 120005537457

• 胸部食道がん術後患者の退院後の生活における困難の実態

• 綿貫 成明,飯野 京子,小山 友里江,栗原 美穂,市川 智里,岡田 教子,上杉 英生,浅沼 智恵,大幸 宏幸,藤田 武郎,鈴木 恭子,和田 千穂子,森 美知子,久部 洋子,矢ヶ崎 香,小松 浩子
• Palliative Care Research 9(2), 128-135, 2014
• 【目的】胸部食道がん根治術後患者が退院後から1年以内の生活において知覚している困難の実態を明らかにし, 外来において必要とされる看護援助について考察する. 【方法】がん専門病院の食道外科外来において胸部食道がん手術を受けた術後患者の診療録を調査し, 術後の症状・徴候・処置, 外来で患者が看護師に相談した困難を抽出し, 内容分析を行った. 本研究は研究施設の倫理委員会の承認のもと実施した. 【結果】 …
• NAID 130004943705

Related Links

• underscoreの意味 - 英和辞書 - goo辞書

underscoreとは。意味や和訳。[動](他)((主に米))1 …にアンダーラインを引く, 下線を施す（⇔overscore）Fill (in) the following underscored spaces.次の下線を引いた空所をうめよ.2 …を強める, 強調する, 力説する. [名] 〔ndash;〕1 ...

• Underscore Magazine

An independent magazine attuned to a simple rhythm; quality of life The U Press The U Cafe The U Factory Creative Cultures

• underscore - 辞書すべて - goo辞書

underscoreの意味は？goo辞書は無料で使える日本最大級の辞書サービスです。国語辞典、英和辞典、和英辞典、類語辞典、中国語辞典、百科事典などを提供しています。 ... アンダースコア【underscore】 《下線の意》コンピューター ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「強調」「stress」「emphasis」「highlight」「emphasize」

「強調」

　　[★]

英

emphasis、underscore、accentuation、emphasize、emphasis、stress、underscore、highlight、accentuate

関

応力、緊張、重点、ストレス、ハイライト、力説、下線を引く、目立たせる、脚光を当てる、力点

「stress」

　　[★]

• n.

• ストレス、緊張、応力、力点

• v.

• 強調する

関

accent、accentuate、accentuation、emphasis、emphasize、highlight、power point、strain、tone、tonus、underscore

　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「emphasis」

　　[★]

• n.

• 強調、重点、力説

• v.

• 強調する

関

accentuate、accentuation、emphasize、highlight、insist、stress、underscore

　 　 　

「highlight」

　　[★]

• n.

• ハイライト

• v.

• 脚光を当てる、強調する

関

accentuate、accentuation、emphasis、emphasize、stress、underscore

　 　 　 　

「emphasize」

　　[★]

• v.

• 強調する、力説する

関

accentuate、accentuation、emphasis、highlight、insist、stress、underscore