出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/24 19:12:21」(JST)
| 「U」のその他の用法については「U (曖昧さ回避)」をご覧ください。 |
| Uu Uu | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Uは、ラテン文字（アルファベット）の 21 番目の文字。小文字は u 。V、W、Yとともにギリシャ文字のΥ（ウプシロン）に由来し、キリル文字のУに相当する。Υ（ウプシロン）の別形に由来するFとも同系といえる。元来のラテン語字母には存在しない文字であり、中世になって、それまで/u/と/w/の両方を表していたVから、/u/を表すために分離した文字である（V#歴史参照）。
Vの下部を丸めた形であり、下半円の両端から上にまっすぐ直線をのばした形である。小文字や大文字の筆記体では、右の直線を下にも延ばして、ベースラインに達する。その手前で右に曲がることがある。フラクトゥールは。フラクトゥールの筆記体では、小文字の下部をとがらせるため、区別のためにŭのように上に下半円を書く。
この文字が表す音素は、/u/ないしその類似音である。
| 大文字 | Unicode | JIS X 0213 | 文字参照 | 小文字 | Unicode | JIS X 0213 | 文字参照 | 備考 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| U | U+0055 |
1-3-53 | UU |
u | U+0075 |
1-3-85 | uu |
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| Ｕ | U+FF35 |
1-3-53 | ＵＵ |
ｕ | U+FF55 |
1-3-85 | ｕｕ |
全角 |
| Ⓤ | U+24CA |
‐ | ⓊⓊ |
ⓤ | U+24E4 |
1-12-53 | ⓤⓤ |
丸囲み |
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U (named u /ˈjuː/, plural ues[1][2]) is the twenty-first letter in the ISO basic Latin alphabet and the last vowel in the English alphabet.
The letter u ultimately comes from the Semitic[specify] letter Waw by way of the letter y. See the letter y for details.
During the late Middle Ages, two forms of 'v' developed, which were both used for its ancestor 'u' and modern 'v'. The pointed form 'v' was written at the beginning of a word, while a rounded form 'u' was used in the middle or end, regardless of sound. So whereas 'valor' and 'excuse' appeared as in modern printing, 'have' and 'upon' were printed 'haue' and 'vpon'. The first distinction between the letters 'u' and 'v' is recorded in a Gothic alphabet from 1386, where 'v' preceded 'u'. Printers eschewed capital 'U' into the 17th century and the distinction between the two letters was not fully accepted by the French Academy until 1762.[3]
In English, the letter u has four primary pronunciations. There are "long" and "short" pronunciation. Short u, found originally in closed syllables, most commonly represents /ʌ/ (as in 'duck'), though it retains its old pronunciation /ʊ/ after labial consonants in some words (as in 'put') and occasionally elsewhere (as in 'sugar'). Long u, found originally in words of French origin (with the original long u being respelled ou), most commonly represents /juː/ (as in 'mule'), reducing to /uː/ after ar (as in 'rule') and sometimes (or optionally) after el (as in 'lute'), and after additional consonants in American English (see do–dew merger). (After ess, /sjuː, zjuː/ have assimilated to /ʃuː, ʒuː/.) In a few words, short 'u' represent other sounds, such as /ɪ/ in 'business' and /ɛ/ in 'bury'.
The letter u is used in the digraphs au /ɔː/, ou (various pronunciations), and with the value of "long u" in eu, ue, and in a few words ui (as in 'fruit'). U often has the sound /w/ before a vowel in the sequences qu (as in 'quick'), gu (as in 'anguish'), and su (as in 'suave'), though it is silent in final -que (as in 'unique') and in many words with gu (as in 'guard').
Additionally, the letter 'u' is used in text messaging and internet and other written slang to denote 'you', by virtue of both being pronounced /juː/.
One thing to note is that other varieties of the English language (i.e. British English, Canadian English, etc.) use the letter U in words such as colour, labour, valour, etc. However, in American English the letter is not used and said words mentioned are spelled as color, for example.
In most languages that use the Latin alphabet, 'U' represents the close back rounded vowel /u/[citation needed].
In French orthography the letter represents the close front rounded vowel (/y/); /u/ is represented by 'ou'.
The symbol 'U' is the chemical symbol for uranium.
'u' is the symbol for the atomic mass unit.
U is also the source of the mathematical symbol ∪, representing a union. It is used mainly for Venn diagrams and geometry.
It is also used as a graphic approximation of the Greek letter μ (mu) for micro- in metric measurements, as in "um" for μm (micrometer).
| Character | U | u | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U | LATIN SMALL LETTER U | ||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | decimal | hex |
| Unicode | 85 | U+0055 | 117 | U+0075 |
| UTF-8 | 85 | 55 | 117 | 75 |
| Numeric character reference | U | U | u | u |
| EBCDIC family | 228 | E4 | 164 | A4 |
| ASCII 1 | 85 | 55 | 117 | 75 |
| NATO phonetic | Morse code |
| Uniform | ··– |
| Signal flag | Flag semaphore | Braille dots-136 |
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English, SpanishEl consumo de alcohol es muy prevalente entre los estudiantes universitarios. La detección precoz en futuros profesionales sanitarios es muy importante puesto que puede incidir no solo en su salud, sino también en su enfoque en futuras acciones preventivas como profesion
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