tinsel

　 　 　 　 　 　

WordNet

1. interweave with tinsel; "tinseled velvet"
2. a showy decoration that is basically valueless; "all the tinsel of self-promotion"
3. a thread with glittering metal foil attached
4. adorn with tinsel; "snow flakes tinseled the trees"
5. impart a cheap brightness to; "his tinseled image of Hollywood"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (金属片・ひもなどの)ぴかぴかした飾り(舞台衣装・クリスマスツリーなどに使う) / 安ぴか物 / 金糸銀糸の入った織物 / はくを散らした,金ぴかの;見かけ掛しの / …‘を'金ぴか物で飾る

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/02/18 15:21:20」(JST)

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For other uses, see Tinsel (disambiguation).

Ornamental garlands made of lilac, blue and purple colored tinsel

Original lametta (silver foil with tin and lead)

A Christmas tree decorated with dangling stands of tinsel (lametta).

Tinsel is a sparkling decorative material that mimics the effect of ice or icicles. When in long narrow strips (sometimes known as "lametta"), it emulates icicles. It was originally a metallic garland for Christmas decoration. The modern production of tinsel typically involves plastic, and is used particularly to decorate Christmas trees. It may be hung from ceilings or wrapped around statues, lampposts, and so on. Modern tinsel was invented in Nuremberg, Germany, in 1610, and was originally made of shredded silver.

According to the Concise Oxford Dictionary, the word is from the Old French word estincele, meaning “sparkle”.

History

Tinsel was invented in Nuremberg around 1610. Tinsel was originally made from extruded strands of silver. Because silver tarnishes quickly, other shiny metals were substituted. Before the 16th century, tinsel was used for adorning sculptures rather than Christmas trees. It was added to Christmas trees to enhance the flickering of the candles on the tree. Tinsel was used to represent the starry sky over a Nativity scene.^{[citation needed]}

By the early 20th century, manufacturing advances allowed cheap aluminum-based tinsel, and until World War I, France was the world leader in its manufacture. Production was curtailed during the First World War as a result of wartime demand for copper.

During the 1950s, tinsel and tinsel garlands were so popular that they frequently were used more than Christmas lights, as tinsel was much less of a fire hazard than lights were for the then-popular aluminum Christmas trees, which were made from flammable aluminized paper.^{[citation needed]}

Lead foil was a popular material for tinsel manufacture for several decades of the 20th century. Unlike silver, lead tinsel did not tarnish, so it retained its shine. However, use of lead tinsel was phased out after the 1960s due to concern that it exposed children to a risk of lead poisoning. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) concluded in August 1971 that lead tinsel caused an unnecessary risk to children, and convinced manufacturers and importers to voluntarily stop producing or importing lead tinsel after January 1, 1972. The FDA did not actually ban the product because the agency did not have the evidence needed to declare lead tinsel a "health hazard."

Modern tinsel is typically made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film coated with a metallic finish and sliced into thin strips. Coated mylar film also has been used. These plastic forms of tinsel do not hang as well as tinsel made from heavy metals such as silver and lead.

Other uses

Tinsel has many traditional uses in India, including decorations on images, garlands for weddings and other ceremonies, and ornamental trappings for horses and elephants.

References

English Journal

• Collaborative treatment of late-life depression in primary care (GermanIMPACT): study protocol of a cluster-randomized controlled trial.

• Wernher I, Bjerregaard F1, Tinsel I, Bleich C, Boczor S, Kloppe T, Scherer M, Härter M, Niebling W, König HH, Hüll M.
• Trials.Trials.2014 Sep 6;15:351. doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-15-351.
• BACKGROUND: Depression is not a normal side effect of aging, however it is one of the most prevalent mental health issues in later life, imposing a tremendous burden on patients, their families, and the healthcare system. We describe the experimental implementation of a collaborative, stepped-care m
• PMID 25195020

• Twenty-five years of progress: the view from NIMH and NINDS.

• Insel TR1, Landis SC.
• Neuron.Neuron.2013 Oct 30;80(3):561-7. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2013.09.041.
• As directors of two NIH institutes supporting neuroscience research, we explore the gap between 25 years of stunning progress in fundamental neuroscience and the persistent needs of those with brain disorders. We conclude that closing this gap will require a more detailed comprehension of brain func
• PMID 24183009

• Shared decision-making in antihypertensive therapy: a cluster randomised controlled trial.

• Tinsel I1, Buchholz A, Vach W, Siegel A, Dürk T, Buchholz A, Niebling W, Fischer KG.
• BMC family practice.BMC Fam Pract.2013 Sep 11;14:135. doi: 10.1186/1471-2296-14-135.
• BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the key factors causing cardiovascular diseases. A substantial proportion of treated hypertensive patients do not reach recommended target blood pressure values. Shared decision making (SDM) is to enhance the active role of patients. As until now there exists littl
• PMID 24024587

• Implementation of shared decision making by physician training to optimise hypertension treatment. Study protocol of a cluster-RCT.

• Tinsel I1, Buchholz A, Vach W, Siegel A, Dürk T, Loh A, Buchholz A, Niebling W, Fischer KG.
• BMC cardiovascular disorders.BMC Cardiovasc Disord.2012 Sep 11;12:73. doi: 10.1186/1471-2261-12-73.
• BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the key factors causing cardiovascular diseases which make up the most frequent cause of death in industrialised nations. However about 60% of hypertensive patients in Germany treated with antihypertensives do not reach the recommended target blood pressure. The in
• PMID 22966894

Japanese Journal

• フィリップ・ラーキン--交錯する二つの声

• 慶応義塾大学日吉紀要 英語英米文学 (57), 23-45, 2010
• NAID 120002808931

• Electron microscopic study of the zoospores of Lagenisma coscinodisci.

• CYTOLOGIA 43(1), 197-201, 1978
• NAID 130003779490

• Phytophthora capsici の遊走子とその鞭毛(農学部門)

• 京都府立大學學術報告. 農學 = The scientific reports of Kyoto Prefectural University. Agriculture 23, 46-49, 1971-10-15
• NAID 110000057632

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