出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/05/25 01:29:07」(JST)
Systematic (IUPAC) name | |
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N-[(5aR,6aS,7S,9Z,10aS)-9-[amino(hydroxy)methylidene]-4,7-bis(dimethylamino)-1,10a,12-trihydroxy-8,10,11-trioxo-5,5a,6,6a,7,8,9,10,10a,11-decahydrotetracen-2-yl]-2-(tert-butylamino)acetamide | |
Clinical data | |
Trade names | Tygacil |
AHFS/Drugs.com | monograph |
Pregnancy
category |
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Legal status
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Routes of
administration |
IV only |
Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | NA |
Protein binding | 71-89% |
Metabolism | not metabolised |
Half-life | 42.4 hours |
Excretion | 59% biliary, 33% renal |
Identifiers | |
CAS Registry Number
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220620-09-7 Y |
ATC code
|
J01AA12 |
PubChem | CID 5282044 |
DrugBank | DB00560 Y |
ChemSpider | 10482314 Y |
UNII | 70JE2N95KR Y |
KEGG | D01079 Y |
ChEBI | CHEBI:149836 Y |
ChEMBL | CHEMBL376140 Y |
Synonyms | N-[(5aR,6aS,7S,9Z,10aS)-9-(amino-hydroxy-methylidene)-4,7-bis(dimethylamino)-1,10a,12-trihydroxy-8,10,11-trioxo-5a,6,6a,7-tetrahydro-5H-tetracen-2-yl]-2-(tert-butylamino)acetamide |
Chemical data | |
Formula | C29H39N5O8 |
Molecular mass
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585.65 g/mol |
SMILES
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InChI
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Y (what is this?) (verify) |
Tigecycline (INN) /ˌtaɪɡəˈsaɪkliːn/ is a glycylcycline antibiotic[1][2] marketed by Wyeth under the brand name Tygacil. It was given a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) fast-track approval and was approved on June 17, 2005. It was developed in response to the growing prevalence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Acinetobacter baumannii. The New Delhi metallo-β-Lactamase multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae has also shown susceptibility to tigecycline.[3]
This antibiotic is the first clinically available drug in a new class of antibiotics called the glycylcyclines. It is structurally similar to the tetracyclines in that it contains a central four-ring carbocyclic skeleton and is actually a derivative of minocycline. Tigecycline has a substitution at the D-9 position which is believed to confer broad spectrum activity.
Tigecycline is bacteriostatic and is a protein synthesis inhibitor by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit of bacteria and thereby blocking entry of Aminoacyl-tRNA into the A site of the ribosome during prokaryotic translation.[4]
Tigecycline is given intravenously and has activity against a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial pathogens, many of which are resistant to existing antibiotics. Tigecycline successfully completed phase III trials in which it was at least equal to intravenous vancomycin and aztreonam to treat complicated skin and skin structure infections (cSSSI), and to intravenous imipenem and cilastatin to treat complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI).[5] Tigecycline is active against many Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and anaerobes – including activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (with MIC values reported at 2 µg/mL) and multi-drug resistant strains of Acinetobacter baumannii. It has no activity against Pseudomonas spp. or Proteus spp. The drug is licenced for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections as well as intra-abdominal infections.
Tigecycline targets both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria including a few key multi-drug resistant pathogens. The following represents MIC susceptibility data for a few medically significant bacterial pathogens.
[6]
Tigecycline is given by slow intravenous infusion (30 to 60 minutes). A single dose of 100 mg is given first, followed by 50 mg every twelve hours after that. Patients with impaired liver function need to be given a lower dose. No adjustment is needed for patients with impaired kidney function. It is not licensed for use in children. There is no oral form available.
Tigecycline has similar side effects to the tetracyclines. The most common side effects of tigecycline are diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. Nausea and vomiting is mild or moderate and usually occurs during the first two days of therapy. Other side effects include pain at the injection site, swelling and irritation; increased or decreased heart rate and infections. Also avoid use in children and pregnancy, due to its effects on teeth and bone. As with other antibiotics, overgrowth of organisms that are not susceptible to tigecycline can occur.
Tigecycline showed an increased mortality in patients treated for hospital-acquired pneumonia, especially ventilator-associated pneumonia (a non-approved use), but also in patients with complicated skin and skin structure infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections and diabetic foot infection. Increased mortality was in comparison to other treatment of the same types of infections. The difference was not statistically significant for any type, but mortality was numerically greater for every infection type with Tigecycline treatment, and prompted a black box warning by the FDA. [7]
It may have potential for use in acute myeloid leukemia.[8]
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リンク元 | 「チゲサイクリン」 |
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