甲状腺ペルオキシダーゼ TPO
WordNet
- suggestive of a thyroid disorder; "thyroid personality"
- of or relating to the thyroid gland; "thyroid deficiency"; "thyroidal uptake" (同)thyroidal
- any of a group of enzymes (occurring especially in plant cells) that catalyze the oxidation of a compound by a peroxide
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 甲状腺 / 甲状腺の
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/12/01 14:11:27」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
| iodide peroxidase |
| Identifiers |
| EC number |
1.11.1.8 |
| CAS number |
9031-28-1 |
| Databases |
| IntEnz |
IntEnz view |
| BRENDA |
BRENDA entry |
| ExPASy |
NiceZyme view |
| KEGG |
KEGG entry |
| MetaCyc |
metabolic pathway |
| PRIAM |
profile |
| PDB structures |
RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum |
| Gene Ontology |
AmiGO / EGO |
| Search |
| PMC |
articles |
| PubMed |
articles |
| NCBI |
proteins |
|
| thyroid peroxidase |
| Identifiers |
| Symbol |
TPO |
| Entrez |
7173 |
| HUGO |
12015 |
| OMIM |
606765 |
| RefSeq |
NM_175722 |
| UniProt |
P07202 |
| Other data |
| EC number |
1.11.1.8 |
| Locus |
Chr. 2 pter-p24 |
Thyroid peroxidase or thyroperoxidase (TPO) is an enzyme expressed mainly in the thyroid where it is secreted into colloid. Thyroid peroxidase oxidizes iodide ions to form iodine atoms for addition onto tyrosine residues on thyroglobulin for the production of thyroxine (T4) or triiodothyronine (T3), the thyroid hormones.[1] In humans, thyroperoxidase is encoded by the TPO gene.[2]
Contents
- 1 Catalyzed reaction
- 2 Function
- 3 Stimulation and inhibition
- 4 Clinical significance
- 5 Diagnostic use
- 6 References
- 7 External links
Catalyzed reaction
+ I− + H+ + H2O2 ⇒ + 2 H2O
Iodide is oxidized to iodine radical which immediately reacts with tyrosine.
+ I− + H+ + H2O2 ⇒ + 2 H2O
The second iodine atom is added in similar manner to the reaction intermediate 3-iodotyrosine.
Function
Thyroid hormone synthesis, with thyroid peroxidase performing the
oxidation step seen at center-left in the image.
[3]
Inorganic iodine enters the body primarily as iodide, I−. After entering the thyroid follicle (or thyroid follicular cell) via a Na+/I− symporter (NIS) on the basolateral side, iodide is shuttled across the apical membrane into the colloid via pendrin, after which thyroid peroxidase oxidizes iodide to atomic iodine (I) or iodinium (I+). The "organification of iodine," the incorporation of iodine into thyroglobulin for the production of thyroid hormone, is nonspecific; that is, there is no TPO-bound intermediate, but iodination occurs via reactive iodine species released from TPO.[4] The chemical reactions catalyzed by thyroid peroxidase occur on the outer apical membrane surface and are mediated by hydrogen peroxide.
Stimulation and inhibition
TPO is stimulated by TSH, which upregulates gene expression.
TPO is inhibited by the thioamide drugs, such as propylthiouracil and methimazole.[5] In laboratory rats with insufficient iodine intake, genistein has demonstrated inhibition of TPO.[6]
Clinical significance
Thyroid peroxidase is a frequent epitope of autoantibodies in autoimmune thyroid disease, with such antibodies being called anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO antibodies). This is most commonly associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Thus, an antibody titer can be used to assess disease activity in patients that have developed such antibodies.[7][8]
Diagnostic use
In diagnostic immunohistochemistry, the expression of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is lost in papillary thyroid carcinoma.[9]
References
- ^ Ruf J, Carayon P (Jan 2006). "Structural and functional aspects of thyroid peroxidase". Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics. 445 (2): 269–77. doi:10.1016/j.abb.2005.06.023. PMID 16098474.
- ^ Kimura S, Kotani T, McBride OW, Umeki K, Hirai K, Nakayama T, Ohtaki S (Aug 1987). "Human thyroid peroxidase: complete cDNA and protein sequence, chromosome mapping, and identification of two alternately spliced mRNAs". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 84 (16): 5555–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.84.16.5555. PMC 298901. PMID 3475693.
- ^ Walter F., PhD. Boron (2003). Medical Physiology: A Cellular And Molecular Approaoch. Elsevier/Saunders. p. 1300. ISBN 1-4160-2328-3.
- ^ Kessler J, Obinger C, Eales G (Jul 2008). "Factors influencing the study of peroxidase-generated iodine species and implications for thyroglobulin synthesis". Thyroid. 18 (7): 769–74. doi:10.1089/thy.2007.0310. PMID 18631006.
- ^ Nagasaka A, Hidaka H (Jul 1976). "Effect of antithyroid agents 6-propyl-2-thiouracil and 1-mehtyl-2-mercaptoimidazole on human thyroid iodine peroxidase". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. 43 (1): 152–8. doi:10.1210/jcem-43-1-152. PMID 947933.
- ^ Doerge DR, Sheehan DM (Jun 2002). "Goitrogenic and estrogenic activity of soy isoflavones". Environmental Health Perspectives. 110 Suppl 3: 349–53. doi:10.1289/ehp.02110s3349. PMC 1241182. PMID 12060828.
- ^ McLachlan SM, Rapoport B (2000). "Autoimmune response to the thyroid in humans: thyroid peroxidase--the common autoantigenic denominator". International Reviews of Immunology. 19 (6): 587–618. doi:10.3109/08830180009088514. PMID 11129117.
- ^ Chardès T, Chapal N, Bresson D, Bès C, Giudicelli V, Lefranc MP, Péraldi-Roux S (Jun 2002). "The human anti-thyroid peroxidase autoantibody repertoire in Graves' and Hashimoto's autoimmune thyroid diseases". Immunogenetics. 54 (3): 141–57. doi:10.1007/s00251-002-0453-9. PMID 12073143.
- ^ Tanaka T, Umeki K, Yamamoto I, Sugiyama S, Noguchi S, Ohtaki S (May 1996). "Immunohistochemical loss of thyroid peroxidase in papillary thyroid carcinoma: strong suppression of peroxidase gene expression". The Journal of Pathology. 179 (1): 89–94. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9896(199605)179:1<89::AID-PATH546>3.0.CO;2-R. PMID 8691351.
External links
- Thyroid Peroxidase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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Thyroid hormone metabolism enzymes and transporters
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|
| Enzymes |
- Thyroid peroxidase
- Iodotyrosine deiodinase
- Dual oxidase 1/Dual oxidase 2
- Iodothyronine deiodinase
- Diiodotyrosine transaminase
|
|
| Transporters |
- Monocarboxylate transporter 8|Monocarboxylate transporter 8 (MCT8)
- Sodium-iodide symporter
- Pendrin
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Oxidoreductases: peroxidases (EC 1.11)
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|
| 1.11.1.1-14 |
- Catalase
- Cytochrome c peroxidase
- Eosinophil peroxidase
- Glutathione peroxidase
- Horseradish peroxidase
- Lactoperoxidase
- Myeloperoxidase
- Thyroid peroxidase
- Deiodinase
- Iodothyronine deiodinase
- Iodotyrosine deiodinase
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| 1.11.1.15 (peroxiredoxin) |
|
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Enzymes
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| Activity |
- Active site
- Binding site
- Catalytic triad
- Oxyanion hole
- Enzyme promiscuity
- Catalytically perfect enzyme
- Coenzyme
- Cofactor
- Enzyme catalysis
- Enzyme kinetics
- Lineweaver–Burk plot
- Michaelis–Menten kinetics
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| Regulation |
- Allosteric regulation
- Cooperativity
- Enzyme inhibitor
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| Classification |
- EC number
- Enzyme superfamily
- Enzyme family
- List of enzymes
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| Types |
- EC1 Oxidoreductases (list)
- EC2 Transferases (list)
- EC3 Hydrolases (list)
- EC4 Lyases (list)
- EC5 Isomerases (list)
- EC6 Ligases (list)
|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Toxicity and non-harmful effects of the soya isoflavones, genistein and daidzein, in embryos of the zebrafish, Danio rerio.
- Sarasquete C1, Úbeda-Manzanaro M2, Ortiz-Delgado JB2.
- Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology : CBP.Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol.2018 Sep;211:57-67. doi: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2018.05.012. Epub 2018 Jun 2.
- PMID 29870789
- Secretory expression and scale-up production of recombinant human thyroid peroxidase via baculovirus/insect cell system in a wave-type bioreactor.
- Lou Y1, Ji G1, Liu Q2, Wang P3, Zhang R4, Zhang Y2, Liu X5.
- Protein expression and purification.Protein Expr Purif.2018 Sep;149:7-12. doi: 10.1016/j.pep.2018.04.005. Epub 2018 Apr 12.
- PMID 29655787
- PMID 29061379
Japanese Journal
- Inhibitory effects of methimazole and propylthiouracil on iodotyrosine deiodinase 1 in thyrocytes
- Yoshihara Aya,Luo Yuqian,Ishido Yuko,Usukura Kensei,Oda Kenzaburo,Sue Mariko,Kawashima Akira,Hiroi Naoki,Suzuki Koichi
- Endocrine Journal 66(4), 349-357, 2019
- … They share similar inhibitory effects on thyroid hormone biosynthesis by interfering with thyroid peroxidase (TPO)-mediated oxidation and organification of iodine. … However, their potential effects on other thyroid functional molecules have not been explored in depth. …
- NAID 130007636466
- Isolated effect of maternal thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine and antithyroid peroxidase antibodies in early pregnancy on gestational diabetes mellitus: a birth cohort study in China
- Huang Kun,Xu Yeqing,Yan Shuangqin,Li Tao,Xu Yuanhong,Zhu Peng,Tao Fangbiao
- Endocrine Journal 66(3), 223-231, 2019
- … <p>This article aims to understand the isolated effect of maternal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT<sub>4</sub>) and antithyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) in early pregnancy on gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). … In conclusion, isolated thyroid autoimmunity, represented by positive TPOAb, in early pregnancy were associated with GDM independent of TSH and FT<sub>4</sub>.</p> …
- NAID 130007626247
- Inhibitory effects of methimazole and propylthiouracil on iodotyrosine deiodinase 1 in thyrocytes
- Yoshihara Aya,Luo Yuqian,Ishido Yuko,Usukura Kensei,Oda Kenzaburo,Sue Mariko,Kawashima Akira,Hiroi Naoki,Suzuki Koichi
- Endocrine Journal, 2019
- … They share similar inhibitory effects on thyroid hormone biosynthesis by interfering with thyroid peroxidase (TPO)-mediated oxidation and organification of iodine. … However, their potential effects on other thyroid functional molecules have not been explored in depth. …
- NAID 130007605460
Related Links
- A thyroid peroxidase antibody test can help determine the cause of thyroid disease. ... Thyroid peroxidase (TPO), an enzyme normally found in the thyroid gland, plays an important role in the production of thyroid ...
- Learn about the thyroid peroxidase test, used to diagnose thyroid disorders, as well as other autoimmune conditions and diseases. ... Hashimoto's thyroiditis or chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, is an autoimmune disorder ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- thyroid peroxidase, TPO
- 関
- 甲状腺、甲状腺ホルモン、橋本病、抗甲状腺ペルオキシダーゼ抗体
[★]
[★]
抗甲状腺ペルオキシダーゼ抗体。甲状腺ペルオキシダーゼ自己抗体
[★]
抗甲状腺ペルオキシダーゼ抗体
[★]
ペルオキシダーゼ、過酸化酵素
- 関
- myeloperoxidase
[★]
- 関
- thyroid gland、thyroidal