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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/06 11:08:38」(JST)

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Thermospray is a form of atmospheric pressure ionization in mass spectrometry. It transfers ions from the liquid phase to the gas phase for analysis. It is particularly useful in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.^[1]^[2]^[3]

Thermospray was originally developed for coupling liquid chromatography to mass spectrometry (LC-MS).^[4]^[5] Thermospray may be defined as the controlled partial vaporization of a liquid as it flows through a heated capillary tube. The nebulization is accomplished by pumping a liquid sample at moderately high pressure through an electrothermally heated capillary tube.^[6] When sufficient power is coupled to the flowing sample stream, a partially vaporized mixture is produced consisting of some fraction of vaporized sample and some remaining liquid sample. Upon exiting the heated capillary, the rapidly expanding sample vapor converts the remaining liquid stream to an aerosol. The vapour so produced acts as a nebulizing ‘gas’ and aids the breakup of the liquid stream into droplets,^[4] in a process similar to pneumatic nebulization.^[7] Thus, conceptually this can be thought of as a pneumatic process where the expanding solvent vapor is used as a nebulization gas. The solution leaves the tube as a supersonic jet or spray of very small droplets in solvent vapor. Qualitatively, the aerosols appear dense with a moderately narrow particle size distribution.

Recently thermospray was also utilized for the production of semiconductor nanocrystals.^[8]

References

^ Blakley, C. R.; Carmody, J. J.; Vestal, M. L. (1980). "Liquid chromatograph-mass spectrometer for analysis of nonvolatile samples". Analytical Chemistry 52 (11): 1636–1641. doi:10.1021/ac50061a025. ISSN 0003-2700.
^ Arpino, Patrick (1992). "Combined liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Part III. Applications of thermospray". Mass Spectrometry Reviews 11 (1): 3–40. doi:10.1002/mas.1280110103. ISSN 0277-7037.
^ Gelpí E (1995). "Biomedical and biochemical applications of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry". Journal of Chromatography A 703 (1-2): 59–80. doi:10.1016/0021-9673(94)01287-O. PMID 7599744.
^ ^a ^b Vestal, Marvin L. (1990). "[5] Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry" 193: 107–130. doi:10.1016/0076-6879(90)93413-F. ISSN 0076-6879.
^ Blakley, C. R.; Vestal, M. L. (1983). "Thermospray interface for liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry". Analytical Chemistry 55 (4): 750–754. doi:10.1021/ac00255a036. ISSN 0003-2700.
^ Koropchak, John A.; Veber, Marjan; Browner, Richard F. (1992). "Thermospray Sample Introduction to Atomic Spectrometry". Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 23 (3): 113–141. doi:10.1080/10408349208050851. ISSN 1040-8347.
^ Boumans, P.W.J.M.; Barnett, Neil W. (1987). "Inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy, part 1: methodology, instrumentation and performance". Analytica Chimica Acta 201: 365. doi:10.1016/S0003-2670(00)85363-5. ISSN 0003-2670.
^ Amirav, Lilac; Lifshitz, Efrat (2008). "Thermospray: A Method for Producing High Quality Semiconductor Nanocrystals". Journal of Physical Chemistry C 112 (34): 13105–13113. doi:10.1021/jp801651g. ISSN 1932-7447.

English Journal

A rapid screen for four corticosteroids in equine synovial fluid.

Agrawal K1, Ebel JG, Bischoff K.
Journal of analytical toxicology.J Anal Toxicol.2014 Jun;38(5):272-9. doi: 10.1093/jat/bku030. Epub 2014 Apr 8.
Most antidoping method development in the equine industry has been for plasma and urine, though there has been recent interest in the analysis of synovial fluid for evidence of doping by intra-articular corticosteroid injection. Published methods for corticosteroid analysis in synovial fluid are pri
PMID 24713534

Assessment of cadmium and iron adsorption in sediment, employing a flow injection analysis system with on line filtration and detection by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry.

de Oliveira FM1, Marchioni C1, Barros JA1, do Lago AC2, Wisniewski C1, Luccas PO3.
Analytica chimica acta.Anal Chim Acta.2014 Jan 27;809:82-7. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2013.11.048. Epub 2013 Dec 1.
This work presents an evaluation of iron and cadmium adsorption in sediment of the Furnas Hydroelectric Plant Reservatory located in Alfenas, Minas Gerais (Brazil). The metal determination was done employing a flow injection analysis (FIA) with an on-line filtering system. As detection techniques, f
PMID 24418136

Deiodination of iodinated aromatic compounds with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

Hvattum E1, Priebe H.
Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM.Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom.2013 Nov 15;27(21):2504-14. doi: 10.1002/rcm.6711.
RATIONALE: Dehalogenation of iodinated X-ray contrast media (ICM) has been reported using electrochemical and bioelectrochemical systems. Correspondingly, dehalogenation of aromatic halogens has also been reported in mass spectrometry (MS) using different ionization techniques like chemical ionizati
PMID 24097407

Japanese Journal

Thermospray Flame Furnace-AAS Determination of Copper after On-line Sorbent Preconcentration Using a System Optimized by Experimental Designs

, ,
Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry 21(11), 1337-1342, 2005-11-10
… The present paper describes the on-line coupling of a flow-injection system to a new technique, thermospray flame furnace-AAS (TS-FF-AAS), for the preconcentration and determination of copper in water samples. …
NAID 10016775552

A Sensitive Method for Cadmium Determination Using an On-line Polyurethane Foam Preconcentration System and Thermospray Flame Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

Tarley Cesar Ricardo Teixeira,Arruda Marco Aurelio Zezzi
Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry 20(6), 961-966, 2004-06-10
NAID 10013105144

A Sensitive Method for Cadmium Determination Using an On-line Polyurethane Foam Preconcentration System and Thermospray Flame Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

,
Analytical Sciences 20(6), 961-966, 2004
… A new sensitive and low cost method for cadmium determination at µg l-1 levels that combines an on-line preconcentration system with the thermospray flame furnace atomic absorption spectrometry technique (TS-FF-AAS) is described in this work. …
NAID 130004440944